It belongs to Shuangfeng County, Loudi City, Hunan Province.
Shuangfeng is located in the hinterland of central Hunan, between 111 degrees 51 minutes and 43 seconds east longitude and 112 degrees 31 minutes and 7 seconds north latitude. It borders Xiangtan and Hengshan in the east, Hengyang in the south, Shaodong and Lianyuan in the west and Loudi and Xiangxiang in the north. It is 61 kilometers long from east to west and 59.2 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 1,715 square kilometers. It accounts for about 1% of the total area of Hunan Province.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it belonged to Chu, and the Qin Dynasty belonged to Xiangnan County, Changsha County. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaudi of the Western Han Dynasty (212 BC), Changsha was established, belonging to two counties, namely, southern Hunan and Liandao. In the fourth year of Emperor Jianping's mourning in the Eastern Han Dynasty (3 BC), Liu Chang, the son of King Changsha, was named Hou of Xiangxiang, and southern Hunan was a part of his territory, hence the name of Xiangxiang. The Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasties belonged to Xiangxiang County; Sui belongs to Hengshan County; In the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Xiangxiang County; Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty began to call it "Xiangxiang Zhongli". In August, 1951, the third, sixth and seventh districts of Xiangxiang County (that is, the whole territory of Zhongli) and part of Xingrang Township, which belongs to the second district, were set aside to build Shuangfeng County. On October 29th, 1952, Shuangfeng County People's Government was established, with Yongfeng Town as the county seat. It belongs to Yiyang area, and changed to Shaoyang area in October of the same year. In October, 1977, it was transferred to Lianyuan area (renamed Loudi area in 1982, and the city was set up in July, 1999), and now it is under the jurisdiction of Loudi City, and it has been adjusted to 13 towns and 3 townships (Yongfeng Town, Zimenqiao Town, Jingzi Town, Heye Town, Xingzipu Town, Shexing Town, Gantang Town, Hongshandian Town, Santangpu Town, Qingshuping Town, Huamen Town, Xingzipu Town.
in ancient times, it was an important waterway from Changsha to Baoqing and Xiangxi, and it was a battleground for military strategists. In the first year of Guangming, Tang Xizong (AD 881), Huang Chao "went out of Guangzhou, broke Hengzhou, and entered the county", so far he has the name of Huangchao Mountain. In 1949, the famous Battle of Hengbao kicked off here.
Shuangfeng county has a long history, and Zhong Ling is beautiful, with outstanding people and talented people. Jiang Wan, a famous scholar of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms, was born here. Feng Zizhen, a great scholar and famous litterateur in Yuan Dynasty, was honest and upright as an official in Ming Dynasty, generous for the people, right judge of the official in Dali Temple, and sincere in Taibu Temple. Zeng Guofan, an important minister in Qing Dynasty; Patriotic diplomat Ceng Jize; Yu Zhimo, a pioneer and famous political activist of the Revolution of 1911 in modern times; Patriotic general Song Xilian; Cai Hesen, one of the early outstanding leaders in China; Cai Chang, Chairman of the All-China Women's Federation; "Jianhu Woman" Qiu Jin; Tang Qunying, the first female member of China League; "Model women leader Xiang Jingyu, etc. There are a group of experts and scholars who are famous all over the country, and a group of party, government and army dignitaries, such as Zhong Lin, former vice minister of heavy industry, Ceng Zhaolun, former vice minister of education and higher education, chemist, Li Tingzhi, former president of China Medical University, Chen Xulu, a famous historian, Xiong Qingquan, former secretary of the provincial party committee, Xie Heping, president of China University of Mining and Technology, and Major General He Xianshu, political commissar of the troops stationed in China.
Shuangfeng is surrounded by mountains and waters with beautiful scenery. The Jiufeng Mountain gully in the provincial forest park is deep and beautiful. Huangchao Mountain is sandwiched by two peaks, with dangerous terrain and majestic customs. Tongliang Mountain has two waterfalls and silver practice hanging in the air, which is spectacular; Zeng Guofan's former residence, a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit, is magnificent, with buildings returned, carved beams and painted buildings, profound connotation and grandeur; The ancient architectural complex in Luoyang Bay, which measures water, is surrounded by mountains and waters, and the pavilions are magnificent and scenic. Mei Shuixian Shenzhai fertile land and beautiful pool, Xiuzhu Maolin; The mountains are steep, the peaks stand upright, and it is like a paradise; Xikou Reservoir, with its vast blue waves, beautiful lakes and mountains, is known as "not the West Lake is better than the West Lake". The three ponds are paved with mangdan stones, and the double stones are arched and sandwiched by streams, just like the shoulders from the sky; Huatian Cave is "secluded, dangerous, strange and strong", winding for dozens of miles, with caves in the cave, scenery in the middle and stalagmites everywhere, which is better than fairyland; Cai Hesen Memorial Hall and Martyrs Park are elegant and dignified, with unique features; There are also a large number of cultural relics and revolutionary sites, which are not only the condensation of history, but also the warning of the future.
there are two peaks, rich in natural resources. The surrounding mountains are winding, the central hills are undulating, the climate is mild, and it is suitable for farming all the year round. Grain, pig, tea and oil are traditional industries in the county; Commodity grain and tons of grain field development, export of lean live pigs and rape are all national production bases; Mineral resources have been proved to be 27 kinds of metallic minerals (gold, lead-zinc, tungsten, molybdenum, antimony, niobium-tantalum, iron, manganese, vanadium and copper) and nonmetallic minerals (coal, gypsum, pyrite, marble, granite, ceramic clay, refractory clay, limestone, phosphate, potash feldspar, barite and silica). It is a national key coal-producing county and a raw material base county; More than 111 kinds of wild animals; More than 1,821 species of wild plants belonging to 128 families; Yongfeng Chili sauce is well-known at home and abroad, and its "three knives" (kitchen knife, scissors and sickle), "three utensils" (pottery, porcelain and sand), "three pots" (pot, vegetable pot and soup pot) and "three castings" (cast steel, cast iron and cast aluminum) are all enduring for a long time.
physical geography
the landform of Shuangfeng county is a three-dimensional outline with hills rising around and hills alternating with flats in the middle, and the landform type is a combination of contiguous mountains, staggered hills and plains.
(1) Surrounded by hills, the central hills and basins are broad. The mountains in the east, southeast and northeast of the county are rolling continuously, with the rising zone of Zhupo Mountain and Shandou in the west and the hilly land in the north. The highest point in the county is the Fairy Hall in weizi in the east, and the lowest point is the Jiangkou Valley at the confluence of northeast ripple and water measurement, with a height difference of 754.8 meters.
(2) The altitude is low and the terrain is flat. The land area below 311 meters above sea level accounts for 88.2%, and the slope below 31 degrees accounts for 81.5%, of which 68% is below 21 degrees. The terrain is basically flat.
the hills and hills are flat and complete, and the combination is relatively balanced. There are three types of landforms in this county: accumulation, erosion, dissolution and erosion. According to the morphology, they are as follows: < P > Plain: covering an area of 419.1 square kilometers, accounting for 23.9%, mainly distributed between hills and hills in the middle, north and southwest.
Gangdi: It covers an area of 341.9 square kilometers, accounting for 19.9%, and belongs to erosion and dissolution landform, consisting of marl, argillaceous limestone, granite and shale, mainly distributed between the northwest, southern margin and southeast mountains.
hills: it covers an area of 484.9 square kilometers, accounting for 28.4%, and belongs to erosion and dissolution landform, which is composed of sandstone, limestone, metamorphic rocks, granite and shale, mainly distributed between the northwest and south edges and the southeast mountains.
mountainous area: it covers an area of 447.4 square kilometers, accounting for 26.1%, mainly distributed in the southeast and northeast, extending from southeast to northeast, forming the mountainous area in the east of the county.
Shuangfeng county has a subtropical monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, frequent cold waves in spring and drastic temperature changes. The summer heat period is long and the summer drought is obvious; There are frequent droughts in the first autumn and changeable weather in the second autumn. In winter, the cold period is short, with less cloudy eyes and more rainy days. The average annual temperature in the county is 17.1℃, the annual precipitation is 1,211 to 1,351 mm, the annual sunshine is 1,511 to 1,611 hours, and the frost-free period is 261 to 311 days. The average annual precipitation in the county is 2.175 billion cubic meters, and the surface runoff is 911.6 million cubic meters. The average water capacity for many years is 262.7 million cubic meters, and the groundwater reserve is 31 million cubic meters.
Shuangfeng county is rich in biological resources. There are more than 1711 varieties of common crops and tea fruits in 34 families and 84 genera. There are more than 111 kinds of animal resources in aquaculture: there are more than 61 kinds of aquaculture resources; There are more than 821 species of forest resources in 128 families, 14 species of native tree species in 43 families, and more than 21 ancient, rare and precious tree species remain in the county.
there are many kinds of mineral resources in China, which are widely distributed. 27 minerals and 99 occurrences have been identified, among which metal minerals include gold, lead, zinc, tungsten, antimony, molybdenum, iron, alum and copper. Non-metallic minerals include coal, gypsum, pyrite, marble, granite, ceramic soil, refractory clay, carbon, phosphorus, potassium, barite, silica and so on. The top 11 minerals in the province are gypsum, marble, pyrite, coal, refractory clay and pyrite.
Historical evolution
In p>1951, it was analyzed from Xiangxiang County, and it was named after two peaks in the county stood opposite each other.
Qin
In the twenty-sixth year of the reign of King Qin (the first 221 years), it was located in Xiangnan County, and now the territory of Shuangfeng belongs to Changsha County.
in the western Han dynasty, in the fifth year of emperor gaodi (the first 212), liandao was established, and the two peaks belonged to liandao and Xiangnan county, and liandao and Xiangnan belonged to Changsha.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty
At the beginning of the Jianwu period, Emperor Guangwu separated Xiangxiang County from Xiangnan County, and the Shuangfeng territory partly belonged to Xiangxiang and was transferred to Lingling County of Jingzhou. Part of it belongs to Liandao, transferred to Changsha County, Jingzhou.
The Three Kingdoms
In the second year of King Taiping (257), Wu Huiji set Hengyang County, Xiangxiang and Liandao as its home.
Southern Dynasties
During the early years of Song Wudi (421~422), Liandao merged into Xiangxiang, and the whole area of Shuangfeng belonged to it.
Sui
In the ninth year of Emperor Wendi's reign (589), Xiangxiang was merged into Hengshan County and transferred to Xiangzhou.
In the fourth year of Tang Dynasty (621), Emperor Gaozu Wude was separated from Hengshan County and returned to Xiangxiang County, belonging to Changsha County of Tanzhou.
Five Dynasties
In the first year of Kaiping (917), Xiangxiang County belonged to Changsha Prefecture of Chu State.
Song
In the first year of Emperor Taizu's Gande (963), Xiangxiang reverted to Tanzhou.
Yuan
In the Zhenyuan year of Zongyuan (1295), Xiangxiang people went to ten thousand households and rose to the state, belonging to Tanzhou Road, Huguanghang Province. In the second year of Emperor Wenzong's calendar (1329), Tanzhou Road was changed to Tianlin Road.
In the second year of Emperor Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369), Xiangxiang Prefecture was reinstated as a county, which belonged to Tanzhou Prefecture. The magistrate of a county called Zhao Fu into exile and successively reclaimed more than 8,111 mu of wasteland. Three years later, Tan Prefecture was changed to Changsha Prefecture.
In the 11th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1654), the Xiangshao Post Station was set up in Yongfeng, and it was withdrawn in the 18th year of Kangxi (1679).
In the 31th year of Emperor Kangxi (1691), there were shops in Paitou, Shuishui, Qingshi, Tongling, Yongfeng, Maoli, Wuwan, Huangtian, Wuzhang, Youzha and jiepai. Xianfeng was withdrawn in four years (1854) and re-established two years later.
in the third year of Qianlong (1738), Hu Shu, a county magistrate, was stationed in Yongfeng, and the county magistrate's office was founded.
In the third year of Xuantong (1911), on September 1st (October 22nd), Zeng Huibo, the regiment defense bureau of Zhongli, responded to the Wuchang Uprising, led a delegation to Yongji County Cheng Department, and Wang Youyi, the county Cheng, left Baping, ending the Qing court's rule in Yongfeng.
People's Republic of China
On October 2, 1949, a regiment of the 123rd Division of the 41st Army of the China People's Liberation Army liberated Yongfeng. On the 5th, the whole territory of Shuangfeng was liberated. In the same month, Hunan Xiangxiang District Committee and District People's Government were established in succession. The locations of the three district organs in Shuangfeng are: Yongfeng Town in the third district, Jinxi Datang in the sixth district and Qingshuping in the seventh district.
in August, 1951, according to the notice of Hunan provincial people's government, the third, sixth and seventh districts of Xiangxiang county were set aside to establish Shuangfeng county, which belongs to Yiyang area, and Yongfeng town was set up in the county.
on October 21th, 1952, Shuangfeng county was changed to Shaoyang area.
In September of p>1977, Shaoyang was divided into Shaoyang and Lianyuan. Shuangfeng county belongs to Lianyuan area.
in p>1982, Lianyuan area was renamed Loudi area, and Shuangfeng belonged to Loudi area.
in July, 1999, Loudi area was set up, and Shuangfeng belonged to Loudi city.
Local customs
When you step into the land of Shuangfeng, the rich fragrance of folk culture and art comes to your face: the peasant paintings in Zouma Street stand out, the TIC-tac-toe percussion music has a long history, the old trees and new branches of Lock Stone Qi Opera, the brass music in Qingshuping has sprung up everywhere, and the artistic atmosphere of Yongfeng Flying Car enjoying the reputation of "one town, one product" in China dazzles you and makes you linger.
According to rough statistics, at present, there are more than 411 Chinese and Western bands, more than 21 troupes, more than 111 lantern festivals and 21 dragon boat teams in Shuangfeng, with more than 5,111 entertainers, attracting more than one million farmers to participate.
Shuangfeng county is rich in folk culture and art resources. On the basis of investigation, excavation and sorting out, this county highlights local characteristics of traditional arts in various towns and villages, and carries out key support, so as to cultivate a fine art in one town. The specialized cultural institutions in the county have organized cultural performances, exhibitions of works, and going out for observation through professional training and creative guidance, so as to enhance their cultural level. Zoumajie Town in this county had a tradition of creating peasant paintings as early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Taking advantage of this, the town organized training courses every year, invited experts to give on-site guidance, and enthusiastically fostered new artistic seedlings. Therefore, the town was named as "the hometown of peasant paintings" and "the hometown of rural culture and art in China" by the Provincial Department of Culture and the Ministry of Culture.
to foster traditional art, Shuangfeng county pays attention to removing the rough and selecting the fine, and bringing forth the new. In Hongshan Dian Town, there was a puppet show team going from village to village for a long time, but the content was mixed. By strengthening management, this town keeps the essence of traditional songs, eliminates songs mixed with feudal superstitions and backward concepts, and creates new programs with the flavor of the times.
there are many customs of opening a shop to do business. Tidy up the counter early in the morning, and shake the abacus constantly, and the drops will ring for a while, to show that the business is booming and the financial resources are flourishing all over the world. To sweep the floor, you must sweep it from the gate and slowly sweep it into the house to show that you can make money without making money or losing it. When you go out to buy goods or sell goods, do business, and eat in the morning, the first spoonful of rice should be loaded to the east side, indicating that the sun is rising and you are lucky.
The most taboo in opening a shop is "blocking the door", that is, people, especially women, are not allowed to stand or sit on the threshold or the gate. Otherwise, business will be unlucky and business will lose money. On the second and sixteenth day of every month, the boss will invite Mr. Zuo Tang and his apprentice to have a tooth sacrifice, and on the sixteenth day of December, he will have a tooth sacrifice. If the boss invites Mr. Zuo Tang to sit on the table, it shows that the boss intends to dismiss Mr. Zuo; If Mr. Zuo Tang takes the seat automatically, it means resigning. After 1949, this custom gradually disappeared. However, opening a shop is auspicious, so that the business is still hot.
general situation of economy
1. Comprehensive
The economic aggregate has increased and the structure has been adjusted. According to estimates, the county's GDP was 3.49 billion yuan, up 6.9% over the previous year, of which the added value of the primary industry was 1.43 billion yuan, down 1.2%; The added value of the secondary industry was 1.12 billion yuan, up by 16.4%; The added value of tertiary industry was 1.14 billion yuan, up by 9.5%. The per capita GDP was 3,926 yuan, an increase of 87 yuan over the previous year. The tertiary industrial structure is 41.1: 29.2: 29.7, compared with the previous year, the primary industry decreased by 4.7 percentage points, the secondary industry increased by 3.1 percentage points, and the tertiary industry increased by 1.6 percentage points.
the economic development environment has been continuously improved. In 2112, the reform of the administrative examination and approval system was comprehensively promoted, and the system of making government affairs public was implemented. In 2112, 61 administrative examination and approval items were cancelled. The reform of rural taxes and fees was carried out in an all-round way, which effectively reduced the burden on farmers and reduced the per capita burden of farmers in the county by 35.5 yuan compared with the previous year.
The main problems in economic and social development are: the structural contradiction of the economy is still outstanding, the economic growth rate is still low compared with that of the whole country, the whole province and the whole city, agriculture is inefficient, the industrial leg is short, the employment pressure is great, it is difficult for farmers to increase their income, and the income gap between residents is widening.
ii. agriculture and rural economy
agricultural production has developed steadily. In 2112, the county's main agricultural products still maintained a high level. The county's total grain output was 491,111 tons, a decrease of 5.19%; 547 tons of cotton, a decrease of 1.91%; 11551 tons of oil, a decrease of 14.75%; 2258 tons of tea,