Wang Xinlin, deputy head of Donghai County People's Government

I. Basic situation of Donghai County

Donghai County is located in the northeast of Jiangsu Province, the first county in the west of Qiaotoubao, a new Eurasian continental bridge, and the world-famous "the first well in Asia" and "the first hot spring in East China" are located in this county. The county has a total area of 2,248 square kilometers, 1.9 million mu of cultivated land and a population of 1.13 million. The strata in Donghai County are mainly metamorphic rocks. Due to the special geological action, Donghai County is rich in mineral resources. According to the preliminary determination by the geological department, there are 37 kinds of underground mineral deposits in Donghai County, among which 29 kinds of non-metallic mineral deposits such as crystal, Shi Ying, rutile, serpentine, kyanite, ruby and vermiculite are of industrial exploitation value, especially serpentine, rutile, granite and other non-metallic minerals, which are in the forefront of the country. One half of the county has crystal and Shi Ying, with a total reserve of 311 million tons, including about 311,111 tons of crystal, and the content of crystal silica is over 99.99%. The 3.45-ton "King of Crystal" and the 1.99-ton "King of Crystal" currently on display in geological museum, China are both from the East China Sea, and the crystal coffin of President Mao Zedong is also refined from the East China Sea crystal. In recent years, Donghai County has vigorously implemented the strategy of "establishing a county by industry", firmly established the economic status of industry as the main body, and has formed a perfect industrial system such as silicon resource industry, food, wood processing and clothing. Among them, silicon resource processing is listed as a national regional pillar industry, accounting for more than 31% of the whole industrial economy, which has effectively promoted the industrialization process of the county.

Wang Xinlin, deputy magistrate of Donghai County People's Government

II. Development of crystal handicraft industry in Donghai County

(I) Historical development of crystal industry in Donghai County

Donghai County has a long history of developing and processing crystals. The Records of the Sea of Kangxi compiled during the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty recorded: "Niu Shan went to the west of (the sea) State for seventy miles to produce crystal stones." It can be seen that the people in the East China Sea have been mining and using crystals for at least 311 years. After the founding of New China, the state attached great importance to the crystal resources in Donghai County and its exploitation and utilization. Since 1953, it has entrusted supply and marketing cooperatives to purchase crystals for the state. Later, the local state-owned Donghai Crystal Mine, Mining Company, Mine 115 and other management and operation institutions were successively established, specializing in the exploitation, acquisition and management of crystals. According to statistics, the annual purchase volume of crystal in Donghai 115 Mine was about 111 tons in 1951s, and it reached more than 311 tons in 1971s, and the annual purchase volume was as high as 652 tons, accounting for one third of the whole country. Since the 1981s, the amount of crystal mining in the East China Sea has remained between 611 and 1111 tons.

after the reform and opening up, people in the East China Sea have made full use of the advantages of crystal and silicon resources, actively developed the processing industry of crystal and silicon products, and gradually become the pillar of the industrial economy in the East China Sea. Especially in the early 1991s, state-owned, collective, family and individual, including foreign capital, set up crystal jewelry factories one after another, showing a thriving upsurge in the production and management of crystal products.

(II) Development Status of Crystal Industry in Donghai County

At present, there are 2,962 large and small enterprises and workshops engaged in crystal and silicon resource processing in Donghai County, including more than 511 crystal and silicon resource processing enterprises with a certain scale and more than 51 enterprises with fixed assets exceeding 11 million yuan. At present, it has formed an annual production scale of more than 21 million pieces of crystal jewelry, 5 million pieces of crystal handicrafts, 41,111 tons of silicon micropowder, 5,111 tons of crystal sand, 1,111 tons of Shi Ying vacuum tubes and 51 million Shi Ying glass lamps. According to statistics, the silicon industry in the county achieved an output value of more than 6 billion yuan in 2116, accounting for one third of the county's total industrial output value.

There are a wide range of crystal products in Donghai, and the main products can be divided into the following categories:

Crystal original stones: rock crystal single crystal, crystal cave, crystal cluster, crystal chrysanthemum stone, synthetic crystal single crystal, etc.

crystal ornaments: necklaces, bracelets, bracelets, brooches, buttons, rings, earrings, earrings, pendants, etc.

Crystal collectibles: all kinds of strange stones, different stones, isolated products, rare products, etc.

crystal handicrafts: crystal carvings, crystal paintings, screens, crystal ornamental balls, crystal snuff bottles, crystal lucky trees, etc.

crystal daily necessities: glasses (including myopia glasses, reading glasses, sunglasses, etc.), wine sets, tea sets, seals, pillow covers, pillows, pillows, chess, Go, etc.

crystal instruments: Buddha statue, Guanyin, Buddha ball, rosary, zodiac, etc.

Crystal-like handicrafts: all kinds of gifts, office supplies, lamps, etc.

industrial raw and auxiliary materials: Shi Ying tube drawing, silicon micropowder, glass Shi Ying raw materials, piezoelectric Shi Ying crystals and components, etc.

Third, the unique local advantages of developing crystal industry in Donghai County

(1) Characteristics of crystal handicraft production

Due to the uniqueness of raw materials, all kinds of rock crystal jewelry, carvings, balls and jingshi have their own unique crystal products, even the mass-produced necklaces, bracelets, balls, jingshi and other products are different and have their own characteristics. Crystal processing technology is simple, and the mechanical equipment used is less, even one person can process crystal, so the East China Sea crystal processing is mainly family-workshop-style, covering urban and rural areas. Take 1993 as an example. At that time, there were more than 1 million people engaged in crystal processing in Donghai County, and all towns and villages could hear the necklace grinding sound of octagonal millstones. The development of crystal processing industry has absorbed a large number of surplus rural workers, and it is a typical labor-intensive industry. The main markets of crystal jewelry and handicrafts are in major cities in China. High-grade crystal carvings, Jing Shi, balls, etc. are mainly oriented to Southeast Asia, Japan, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, South Korea and other markets, and the sales are relatively promising. Being less influenced by the international market is also a remarkable feature of crystal craft production. In the financial turmoil of the 21th century, the demand for crystal handicrafts had little influence. In the processing of crystal handicrafts, technical compatibility is strong. In recent years, the East China Sea has gradually introduced advanced processing technology, which has effectively promoted the development of processing industry. Such as laser engraving technology and crystal coloring technology. At the same time, traditional techniques are also developing, such as traditional carving techniques and polishing techniques, which can not be replaced by high-tech means for the time being.

the development path of China's jewelry and jade jewelry characteristic industrial base

(II) Market advantages of the crystal handicraft industry

1. The actual market demand is huge. According to statistics, in 2116, the annual turnover of Donghai Crystal City alone reached 2 billion yuan. If we count the crystal products that are not traded in Crystal City and directly traded in factories and other places, the turnover should be increased, and it is estimated that it should be at least doubled. At present, the whole crystal market has not reached saturation only by the production capacity of the East China Sea and other places.

2. The potential market demand has broad prospects. With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the potential market demand for crystals is huge; Starting with the development of technology and handicrafts, continuously improving the grade and practical value of crystal handicrafts can further stimulate market consumption; We can also vigorously develop tourism products, so that crystal handicrafts can become a beautiful scenery of major tourist attractions, and thus develop the domestic market; As far as the international market is concerned, while consolidating the original Asian market, we can increase the development of European and American markets.

Wang Xinlin, deputy head of Donghai County, introduced crystal products to foreign guests

(3) Donghai County's unique local advantages in developing crystal handicraft industry

1. The network system is sound. Donghai crystal craft industry has formed a sound network system after years of cultivation and growth. It can be said that in the whole country, there are towns with crystal markets, and there are Donghai people who are engaged in crystal business. Operators form a marketing network all over the country through self-employment, partnership and consignment. In some trade fairs, such as Canton Fair and Shanghai Tourism Festival, the crystal booth is a powerful supplement to the sales network. It is also through these networks that crystal raw materials from all over the country and abroad constantly flock to the East China Sea, and after being processed in the East China Sea, they continue to flow to markets everywhere. Donghai County imports nearly 11,111 tons of crystal raw materials from all over the world every year, and Donghai has become a veritable crystal distribution center in the world.

2. It has a mature professional crystal trading market. Donghai Crystal City is located in the bustling area of Donghai County. It was established in 1992 with the contribution of Donghai County Supply and Marketing Cooperatives. After three expansions, it has a registered capital of RMB 11.18 million and fixed assets of RMB 111 million, covering an area of 31,111 square meters and a construction area of 45,111 square meters, including Crystal City, holiday square and bazaar. There are more than 2,111 shops with more than 5,111 employees, mainly engaged in rock crystal, crystal handicrafts, crystal processing machinery, all kinds of raw and auxiliary materials during the processing of crystal handicrafts, other mineral products and jewelry and jade products, etc. In 2116, the settled business households realized a transaction volume of 2 billion yuan, a profit of 51.345 million yuan and a tax of 4.43 million yuan, and now it has become the largest crystal professional market in China and an important distribution and transit point for crystals in the world. Influenced and driven by Donghai Crystal City, Donghai County has more than 211,111 people engaged in crystal mining, processing, trade and related industries. Donghai Crystal City has become the raw material supply center, product sales center, information exchange center, new technology, new product research and development and promotion center and talent training center of Donghai County's crystal processing industrial chain. With the increasing popularity and reputation of Crystal City, its influence and radiation are growing, and the number of domestic and foreign merchants shopping in Crystal City is increasing every year. In 2116 alone, it received more than 411,111 merchants. Buying crystal to Donghai Crystal City is becoming the first choice and habit of merchants and tourists.

Donghai Crystal City

The huge economic and social benefits of Donghai Crystal City have been widely recognized by all walks of life, and it has won many honorary titles such as "Jiangsu Civilized Market", "Jiangsu Model Market", "Top Ten Markets of Jiangsu Supply and Marketing Cooperative System", "National Civilized Market", "National Advanced Collective of Supply and Marketing System" and "China Crystal Craft Gift City".

3. There are many talents in crystal technology. In the East China Sea, the crystal craft industry "blooms everywhere". In towns and rural areas, there are experts engaged in crystal processing everywhere, and a huge team of skilled workers has been formed. At the same time, the development of the crystal industry has also trained a large number of management experts and technical backbones. Wu Zhaoe, who Fei Xiaotong called "Crystal Sister", and Li Xianjin, the general manager of Crystal Villa, and other management experts have become famous at home and abroad. It has more talent advantages in art and craft. Donghai County has 2 masters of arts and crafts in Jiangsu Province, 5 celebrities of arts and crafts in Jiangsu Province, and 1 1 senior artists. Suzhou Institute of Arts and Crafts recruits two junior college classes of arts and crafts in Donghai every year, and universities such as Nanjing Art Institute and Southeast University will recruit undergraduate classes of arts and crafts in Donghai County one after another.

the development road of China's jewelry and jade jewelry characteristic industrial base

4. Strong scientific and technological strength. Actively implement the strategy of "rejuvenating the county through science and education". In the process of promoting the development of crystal and silicon industry, Donghai County adheres to the road of technological innovation, actively encourages and guides enterprises to strengthen all-round alliance with universities and scientific research institutions, and promotes the all-round docking of science and technology and economy. At present, 1 2 institutions of higher learning and research institutes such as Tsinghua University, Nanjing University, Fudan University, Southeast University, Shandong University, Beijing Shi Ying Glass Research Institute and Institute of Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences have established Industry-University-Research Consortium with enterprises in Donghai County. More than 41 well-known domestic experts and scholars in silicon processing, such as academicians Wang Dayan and Zhao Pengda of Chinese Academy of Sciences, have been hired as special scientific and technological consultants for the development of crystal and silicon pillar industries in the East China Sea, which has become a powerful technical backing for the development of crystal and silicon processing industries in the East China Sea. In recent years, Donghai County has developed 53 key new products and high-tech products, such as "large-caliber transparent Shi Ying glass tube" and "laser quartz tube", around the construction of crystal and silicon pillar industries, among which many products fill the domestic gaps; We implemented 1.27 science and technology plans, including 51 projects at or above the provincial level in Jiangsu Province, and 6 enterprises were recognized as municipal high-tech enterprises in Lianyungang. In addition, in terms of crystal jewelry and handicrafts patents, Donghai County has obtained 26 patents, 4 are being accepted, and many are actively organizing applications.

5. Leading enterprises have begun to take shape. After years of development and market baptism, a number of leading enterprises in the East China Sea crystal industry have come to the fore. There are more than 51 crystal and silicon processing enterprises with fixed assets exceeding 11 million yuan in the county. Key enterprises such as Crystal Villa, Tongbao Company, Jingshuai Company, Hailong Company, Rainbow Company, Jinghua Crystal, Hengli Gem Factory, Fudong Company, Pacific Company and Donghai Silicon Micro Powder Company have become first-class enterprises in China and have a place in the world. Many leading enterprises have become the "engines" of the East China Sea crystal handicraft industry, and many specialized crystal jewelry processing villages have emerged in Quyang, Anfeng, Wenquan, Niu Shan and other towns, which have strongly promoted the great development of the East China Sea crystal handicraft industry.

6. governments at all levels attach importance to it. In order to make a big crystal article and promote the rapid economic development in the East China Sea, governments at all levels in provinces, cities and counties attach great importance to the development and utilization of crystal and silicon resources in the East China Sea. The deep processing industry of silicon resources in Donghai County has been listed as a national regional pillar industry, a provincial spark technology-intensive area and a key cultivation demonstration area of spark pillar industry in Jiangsu Province. At the same time, Jiangsu Province and Lianyungang City have formulated preferential policies to encourage and support the development of silicon resources in the East China Sea. Donghai county government has firmly grasped this opportunity, taking the development of crystal resources and crystal processing industry as the pillar industries to revitalize the county economy and realize enriching the people and strengthening the county, and has successively formulated the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for the development of crystal and silicon resources in Donghai county, the access system for crystal and silicon processing industry and a series of preferential policies to encourage the development of crystal and silicon resources. Invested more than 71 million yuan to build China Donghai Crystal Craft Gift City, becoming the largest crystal products trading and distribution center in China.

two kings of crystal. From Caolin Village, Niu Shan Town, Donghai County, it was buried underground for billions of years and was unearthed on October 5, 1995. According to the appraisal, "Crystal King" weighs 1.99 tons, second only to the existing Crystal King in geological museum, China. Its quality and transparency can be called the best in crystal, and it is a rare treasure

IV. Development countermeasures

(1) Based on reality, accelerate the construction of new advantages in economic development

We not only see our own problems and gaps, but also see our own advantages, so as to enhance our confidence and determination in accelerating development. Our advantages are as follows: First, we have unique resources. "Crystal in the East China Sea is the best in the world", as long as we manage and make good use of the resources in our hands and develop and utilize them reasonably, we will certainly be able to take the lead among our peers at home and abroad and will last forever. Second, strong private capital. After nearly 21 years of operation, a considerable part of private capital has gathered in the East China Sea, and many of them have the desire to expand the scale of production and operation. As long as they are correctly guided, they can activate private capital and inject new vitality into the crystal industry in our county. The third is a mature market. Crystal City receives more than 411,111 tourists from home and abroad every year. They all come for the signboard of "Donghai Crystal", which shows that the crystal products in Donghai County have strong attraction. In addition, crystal handicrafts in the East China Sea have spread all over the country. As long as we constantly innovate, vigorously adjust the product structure and improve the competitiveness of products, we will be able to gain a firm foothold in the domestic and foreign markets and develop and grow. The fourth is a highly skilled talent team. Donghai county has a tradition of processing crystals, and over the years, it has trained a large number of crystal processing technical personnel and management personnel. The fifth is the industrial base that has begun to take shape. In terms of handicraft processing, rock crystal and synthetic crystal have been formed.