Waterproof construction technology and control points of kitchen and toilet

1. Construction preparation

(1) Operating conditions

1. The floor cushion of kitchen and toilet room has been completed, and all risers and sleeves passing through the floor and floor of kitchen and toilet room have been completed, fixed firmly and accepted. The gap around the pipe shall be filled with 1: 2: 4 pisolite concrete (formwork shall be hung at the bottom of the floor).

2. The leveling layer of the kitchen and toilet floor has been completed, the elevation meets the requirements, and the surface should be smooth, smooth and solid. Smooth, no defects such as hollowing, cracks, sand, moisture content is not more than 9%.

3. The flashing slope of the leveling layer should be 2% (i.e. 1: 51), and no local water accumulation is allowed above. The junction with the wall, the corner and the root of the pipe should be painted with a uniform, smooth and small rounded corner with a radius of 111mm, and a special trowel should be used. All the pipe roots against the wall should be painted with a gradient of 5% (1 ∶ 21) to avoid water accumulation here.

4. Dust and sundries should be cleaned up on the surface of the base layer coated with waterproof layer, and the mortar lumps and the higher parts on the surface should be leveled and swept. For the parts around the pipe root that are difficult to clean, brush shall be used to remove dust, etc. If there are potholes or corners of yin and yang are not painted into circular arcs, mortar with the ratio of Zhongba glue: cement: sand = 1: 1.5: 2.5 can be used to repair them.

5. before the waterproof coating is applied at the grass-roots level, the pipe roots and floor drains on the ground and walls should be highlighted. Drain, Yin and Yang angles and other parts prone to leakage should be supplemented by additional layers.

6. According to the design requirements and construction regulations (at least 311mm around), the wall surface between kitchen and toilet has waterproof parts, and the plastering of the wall surface at the grass-roots level should be calendered, requiring smoothness, without defects such as hollowing, cracks and sanding. Pipes and fixing fixtures passing through the waterproof layer should be installed in advance, and 5mm should be recessed into the surface within 51mm from the pipe, and the pipe root should be made into an arc with a radius of 11 mm.

7. according to the elevation line of 51cm on the wall, the waterproof height line of the wall will pop up, and the boundary line between the riser and the standard ground will be marked, and it should be flat with this line when coating.

8. Adequate lighting equipment (safety low-voltage lamps, etc.) and ventilation equipment must be provided before the kitchen and toilet are waterproof.

9. Waterproof materials are generally flammable and toxic substances, so they should be stored, kept and used away from fire sources. The construction site should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment, and the construction personnel should wear work clothes and soft-soled shoes, and be supervised by professional foreman.

11. keep the ambient temperature above +5℃.

11. Operators should receive professional training, hold relevant certificates, make a sample room first, and pass inspection and acceptance before comprehensive construction.

ii) material requirements

HB special waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom is a leap in the waterproof coating market. It not only has the advantages of good weather resistance, waterproof and stability of SBS modified asphalt coiled material, but also can be easily molded into an integral waterproof membrane, so it is an ideal waterproof material. This product is a high-performance, low-cost thick coating based on petroleum asphalt, modified by high polymer, plasticizer and filler.

its performance indicators are as follows:

technical performance indicators of p>HB waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom

performance indicators

solid content:% ≥ 43

low temperature flexibility:℃ -11 -15

heat resistance:℃ 81

impermeability: MPa 1.1, Waterproof for 31min

Bonding strength: ≥ 1.2

Ductility: mm untreated ≥ 5; Heat, violet and alkali ≥ 3.5

Alkali resistance: at 23 2℃, soaked in Ca(OH)2 saturated solution for 7d

Acid resistance: at 23 2℃, Soak in 2%H2SO4 solution for 7d

drying time: h ≤ surface drying 2

(III) Tools

Main tools: electric stirrer, stirring tong, small paint bucket, plastic scraper, small iron scraper, rubber scraper, spring scale, brush, roller brush, small trowel, oiler's shovel and broom.

II. Quality requirements

(1) Main control project

1. Waterproof materials meet the design requirements and the provisions of current relevant standards.

2. The drainage slope, the sealing of embedded pipes, equipment and fixing bolts meet the design requirements.

3. The floor drain roof should be the lowest place on the ground, which is easy to drain and the system is smooth.

(II) General project

1. The nodes around the drainage slope and floor drain drainage equipment should be sealed tightly without leakage.

2. The sealing material should be flexible, tightly embedded and firmly bonded.

3. The waterproof coating is uniform, without cracking or bubbling.

4. The thickness of waterproof layer meets the design requirements.

iii. process flow

HB waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom construction process flow:

base cleaning → detailed additional layer construction → first coating → second coating → third coating → first water test → protective layer construction → second water test → engineering quality acceptance

iv. operation process

(1) base cleaning

. If there is oil stain, it should be brushed off with wire brush and sandpaper. The surface at the grass-roots level must be smooth, and the depressions should be filled with cement putty.

(II) Construction of detail additional layer

1. After opening the packaging barrel, stir it evenly. It is forbidden to dilute the product with water or other materials.

2. Construction of detail additional layer: Dip the mixed paint with a paint brush and evenly coat it on the weak parts that are easy to leak, such as pipe root, floor drain, yin and yang corners, etc., and do not miss coating (at the junction of ground and corner, the coating film is waterproof and rolled up to 251mm high on the wall). After 4 hours of surface drying at room temperature, brush the second coating waterproof coating, and after 24 hours of hard work, large-area coating waterproof layer construction can be carried out, and the thickness of each additional layer should be 1.6 mm.

(III) Construction of coating waterproof layer

The general thickness of p>HB waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom is 1.1mm, 1.5mm and 2.1 mm. According to the design thickness, it can be divided into two or three times for coating construction.

1. Open the packaging barrel and mix well.

2. the first coating: evenly coat the stirred HB waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom with plastic or rubber scraper on the surface of the base layer coated with primer, with a thickness of 1.6mm and a uniform coating amount of 1.6 ~ 1.8 kg/m2. During the operation, the wall surface should be followed by the ground, and the operation should be retreated from the inside out.

3. second coating: when the first coating is cured to be non-sticky, proceed the second coating waterproof construction according to the first material construction method. In order to make the film thickness uniform, the scraping direction must be perpendicular to the first scraping direction, and the scraping amount is slightly less than the first scraping, and the thickness should be 1.5 mm.

4. third coating: after the second coating is cured, the third coating shall be carried out according to the construction method of the previous two times, and the appropriate coating amount is 1.4 ~ 1.5k/m2 (if the design thickness is above 1.5mm, the fourth coating can be carried out).

5. Remove the coarse sand binding layer: In order to protect the waterproof layer, the stone slag binding layer can not be removed from the waterproof layer on the ground, and its binding layer can be brushed with 1:1 118 glue or Zhongba glue mud. After the waterproof protective layer on the ground is constructed, roll-coat the waterproof coating on the waterproof layer on the wall. When it is not solidified, remove the clean 2 ~ 3 mm sand particles on its surface to increase its adhesion with the surface.

6. Construction of protective layer or facing layer

(4) Detailed construction of waterproof layer

Detailed construction of waterproof layer is as follows:

1. Pipe root and corner

1— floor slab, 2— leveling layer (pipe root and corner make an arc with a radius of r = 11 mm, and all pipe roots close to the wall are painted with a slope of 5%).

3— Waterproof additional layer (width 1.51 mm, corner height 1.111mm, pipe root level with standard ground) 4— Waterproof layer 5— Waterproof protective layer 6— ground surface layer

2. Details of floor drain

1— Formwork 2— Leveling layer (pipe root and corner arc with radius R=11mm) 3— Waterproof additional layer (width 1.51) The pipe root is level with the standard ground) 4-waterproof layer 5-waterproof protective layer 6-ground surface layer

3, door detail method

1-floor 2-leveling layer (arc with radius R=11mm is made at the corner) 3-waterproof additional layer (width 1.51 mm, height to the ground) 4-waterproof layer (251 mm outside the wall) 5-waterproof protective layer 6. After the waterproof layer is completed and hard-working, conduct a comprehensive acceptance of the coating quality, requiring full coating, uniform thickness and tight sealing, and the thickness meets the design requirements (for slice inspection). The waterproof layer has no defects such as bulging, cracking and warping. After inspection and acceptance, the water storage test can be carried out (the water surface is 21mm higher than the standard ground), and there is no leakage for 24 hours. Make records and the protective layer can be constructed.

(6) finished product protection

1. During the operation of coating waterproof layer, the operator should wear flat shoes, and the pipe fittings, sleeves, floor drains, fixing clips, etc. on the muscle surface and wall surface shall not be damaged or displaced. When waterproof coating is applied, walls, floors, doors and windows and electrical boxes in other parts shall not be polluted. Heating and sanitary pipes, sanitary appliances, etc.

2. After each layer of coated waterproof layer is constructed, it should be strictly protected, and an eye-catching no-entry sign should be set at the door of the kitchen and bathroom. Before the protective layer is constructed, no one is allowed to enter or pile sundries on it, so as not to damage the waterproof layer.

3. Before waterproof construction, protective measures should be taken to prevent sundries from entering, ensure smooth drainage and qualified water storage, and clean up the floor drain.

4. During the construction of waterproof protective layer, mortar shall not be mixed on the waterproof layer. When laying mortar, the shovel shall not touch the waterproof layer, and it shall be carefully done, and the waterproof layer shall not be damaged.

(7) Quality problems that should be paid attention to

1. The coating waterproof layer is empty and has bubbles: mainly because the base layer is not cleaned cleanly, the coating is uneven or the leveling layer is wet, and the water content is higher than 9%; The moisture content test was not carried out before painting, resulting in empty drum, and in severe cases, large area bulging. Therefore, before coating the waterproof layer, the grassroots must be cleaned up and the moisture content should be appropriate.

2. After the construction of the ground surface, the water storage test was carried out, and there was leakage: the main reason was that the pipe fittings and floor drains passing through the ground and wall were loose, and the smoke duct sank, tearing the waterproof layer; Other parts have gaps due to loose pipe roots or weak bonding, and the contact surface is not cleaned cleanly, and the lap length of joints and seals is not enough, and the paste is not tight; The waterproof layer may be damaged when the waterproof protective layer is made: the water storage depth in the first water storage test is not enough. Therefore, in the process of construction, the relevant processes should be carefully operated, the sense of responsibility should be strengthened, and the operation should be carried out in strict accordance with the process standards and construction specifications. After the construction of coating waterproof layer, conduct the first water storage test. The water storage depth must be 21mm higher than the standard ground, and there will be no leakage for 24 hours. If there is leakage, it can be repaired according to the specific parts of leakage, or even completely reworked. After the construction of the ground surface, the second water storage test shall be conducted. If there is no leakage for 24 hours, it is finally qualified, and the water storage inspection record shall be filled in.

3. Poor ground drainage: The main reason is that the ground surface and leveling layer did not find the slope according to the design requirements during construction, resulting in inverted slope or uneven water storage. Therefore, before the construction of coating waterproof layer, check whether the slope at the grass-roots level meets the requirements. If it is not in conformity with the design, it should be treated before waterproofing, and the slope should be found according to the design requirements during the surface construction.

4. After the second water storage test on the ground, it has passed the acceptance test, but the leakage phenomenon is still found after the completion of use: the main reasons are that the drainage of sanitary ware is not tightly connected with the socket of the pipeline, and it is not sealed tightly with building sealant after connection, or the fixing screws of sanitary ware are inserted through the waterproof layer without treatment. After the installation of sanitary ware, it is necessary to carefully check whether each interface meets the requirements before proceeding to the next working procedure. It is required to pay attention to the protection of finished products after the installation of sanitary ware.