from January 8 to 21, I made an investigation on building a new socialist countryside. Take the form of visiting the site, individual visits, holding symposiums, etc., and have extensive exchanges and discussions with local grassroots cadres and farmers on the construction of new countryside. The investigation is now reported as follows:

1. The current understanding and mentality of grassroots cadres and masses on building a new socialist countryside

(1) General understanding. After the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee put forward the idea of building a new socialist countryside, it immediately aroused strong response from the broad masses of grassroots cadres and masses. They believe that the proposal of building a new socialist countryside is of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance.

first, building a new socialist countryside is a historical choice to realize the transition of national strategy and promote the transformation of our country from a traditional society to a modern society. At present, China's economic and social development is in a critical period of transition and transformation. The CPC Central Committee is far-sighted, drawing on the successful experience of some developed countries and the painful lessons of a few countries' slow development due to the lag of strategic adjustment, and making timely major strategic arrangements for building a new socialist countryside. This has a very significant and far-reaching impact on building a long-term mechanism to promote agriculture through industry, maintaining coordinated economic and social development, and promoting China's modernization goal of urban-rural integration.

second, building a new socialist countryside is a realistic need to fundamentally solve the "three rural issues", expand domestic demand and maintain sustained and stable economic growth. After decades of development, on the one hand, China's industry has grown from small to large, from weak to strong, and has entered the middle stage of industrialization, and the ability of industry to feed agriculture and cities to support rural areas is increasing; On the other hand, the widening gap between urban and rural areas in recent years has become an obstacle to building a well-off society in an all-round way. At the same time, the slow development of rural economy and the weak purchasing power in rural areas have directly affected the sustained, stable and rapid growth of China's economy. The central government put forward the policy of building a new socialist countryside and establishing "industry feeds back agriculture and cities support rural areas", which will inevitably fundamentally solve the long-standing problem of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", fundamentally break the long-standing dual economic and social structure of urban-rural division, and fundamentally invigorate the rural market, thus stimulating rapid economic growth and promoting coordinated economic and social development between urban and rural areas.

Third, building a new socialist countryside is an essential requirement for implementing Scientific Outlook on Development and building a harmonious socialist society. Establishing Scientific Outlook on Development and building a harmonious society is an important sublimation of our party's understanding of the law of economic and social development under the conditions of socialist market economy. Its core is to adhere to people-oriented, promote comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development, and realize the progress of socialist material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization. And building a new socialist countryside just reflects the essential requirements of both in theory and practice. Theoretically speaking, the new socialist countryside refers to the social state of rural society based on economic development and marked by all-round social progress in a certain period under the socialist system; Practically speaking, building a new socialist countryside is a systematic project, which not only includes political, economic, cultural and social aspects, but also embodies the unity of long-term development goals and short-term goals of urban and rural integration. The "newness" of the new countryside is embodied in the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development's requirements, the goal of building a harmonious society and the overall planning of urban and rural development. In short, the broad masses of rural grassroots cadres and masses believe that the central government's proposal to build a new socialist countryside has distinctive characteristics of the times, fully conforms to the rural reality and is very encouraging. They firmly believe that with the advancement of urban-rural integration, the goals of farmers getting rich, agricultural development and rural progress will be realized through industry feeding back agriculture and cities supporting rural areas.

on the understanding of "building a new socialist countryside", grassroots cadres and masses generally think that there are three main differences between this concept and the concept of "new countryside" put forward in the 1951s: First, the background is different. At present, the country has a certain economic strength, and the per capita GDP exceeds 1,111 US dollars. On the whole, it has entered a new historical stage of "supplementing agriculture with industry, leading rural areas with cities, feeding agriculture with industry, and supporting rural areas with cities". As far as Xiantao City is concerned, in 2115, the city's total population was 1.48 million, including 1.14 million agricultural population, and the city's GDP reached 15.312 billion yuan, of which the industrial added value reached 3.8 billion yuan, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery reached 5.56 billion yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers reached 381.7 billion yuan, which fully possessed the material foundation for building a new socialist countryside. Second, the connotation is different. This new rural construction is richer in connotation and more comprehensive in content. Five sentences, 21 words, closely related to Scientific Outlook on Development's proposition of the times, include material civilization, spiritual civilization, ecological civilization, political civilization and other aspects. Third, the goals and requirements are different. This time, the goals are clearer and more specific. They believe that the new rural construction is mainly reflected in the "five innovations", namely, the new pattern of industrial development, the new improvement of farmers' living standards, the promotion of new fashions in rural customs and folk customs, the new changes in rural appearance and the improvement of new mechanisms for rural governance.

(2) Current mentality. After the central government proposed to build a new socialist countryside, grassroots cadres and the masses were "happy and worried". What grass-roots cadres like is that the construction of new countryside has made the work of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" have a new starting point; I am worried that it is difficult to implement the supporting construction funds of local governments below counties and cities, and I am worried that I will take the old road of "universal nine-year plan" again, and I am worried that it is difficult to pass the performance appraisal. What the grass-roots people like is that farmers have new hopes, the government will have new measures, and there will be new changes in the countryside. Wang Shunjun, a villager from Liu Cun, Shazui Office, told the research team with a big smile: the construction of new countryside is "the government contributes and the people benefit". The worry is that public welfare undertakings have to pay for themselves, and the burden on farmers may rebound. What I am afraid of is blindly spreading stalls, engaging in face-saving projects and forming new debts. There are also a few farmers who have the mentality of "urgency, resentment and coldness": First, "urgency". Expectations are too high, and I can't wait to build a new countryside and live the life of a city person; The second is "resentment." Some local people see that the development and construction of TV and surrounding villages are better than their own villages, complaining that their village cadres can't get support from policy funds and find a way to get rich; The third is "cold". Some villages have poor basic conditions and no way to get rich. The masses are indifferent to the construction of new countryside and look at each other coldly.

second, the working ideas and plans of building a new socialist countryside in Xiantao city

(a) the rural economic and social development in Xiantao city. Xiantao has an existing land area of 2,538 square kilometers and cultivated land area of 943,311 mu. It has jurisdiction over 15 towns, 3 municipal sub-district offices, 6 farming and animal husbandry fisheries, 653 administrative villages and 4,713 villagers' groups. The city's total population is 1.48 million, including 1.14 million agricultural population, 221,111 agricultural households and 626,711 rural laborers, including 1.15 million migrant laborers. In 2115, the city's GDP reached 15.312 billion yuan, of which the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 5.56 billion yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 3,817 yuan. There are 8 rural vocational schools in the city, with 4,911 students and 487 teaching staff. In 2115, * * * trained 5,111 professional and technical personnel, including 1 libraries, 18 township cultural stations, 19 theaters and 198 various cultural performance groups. There are 19 township hospitals and 359 medical staff. There are 28 rural nursing homes and 4141 households with five guarantees, including 3236 households with centralized support; The number of people who should enjoy the minimum income guarantee has reached 31,111, and there are 117 rural socialized service organizations, including 18 in planting, 23 in aquaculture and 76 in circulation. Great efforts have been made to build grass-roots organizations in rural areas. In 2115, the election of village committee directors was carried out in the whole city, and 653 village directors were selected by * * *, and the rate of "double escrow" in rural areas reached 111%.

(II) Basic situation of building a new socialist countryside in Xiantao City

1. See things early and act quickly. It has only been more than three months since the central government proposed to build a new socialist countryside, and Xiantao City has achieved the "four haves", that is, there are special classes, pilots, plans and initial results. The five pilot projects can be said to have bright spots in towns and villages. At the end of February, 2115, the Xiantao Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government set up a leading group for building a new socialist countryside, with Ma Qingming, secretary of the Municipal Party Committee, as the first group leader, Chen Jixue, mayor as the group leader, and more than ten municipal departments such as the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, finance, agriculture commission, water conservancy, agriculture, forestry, construction, civil affairs, health and education as member units, and the office is located in the Municipal Agriculture Commission. At present, the municipal party committee and municipal government have focused on five pilot villages in five townships, namely, the gardening field in Chenchang Town, Lilinzui Village in Sanfutan Town, Xianfeng Village in Zhanggou Town, Du Liu Cun in Shazui Office and Digou Village in pengchang. Four of the five towns and five villages have made detailed plans for building a new socialist countryside. There are both development goals and implementation steps in the plan; There are both long plans and short arrangements; There are both material and spiritual civilizations; There are both industrial development planning and improvement of living environment; It is not only a bit of key construction, but also driven by radiation from point to area. In a word, Xiantao City recognized and acted early, leaders attached great importance to it, and farmers participated actively, which has achieved initial results.

2. The typical features are outstanding and the popularization is strong. At present, according to the requirements of "from point to area, detonating a piece", several models of new rural construction in Xiantao City have grand planning blueprint, outstanding industrial characteristics, solid mass base, steady and orderly progress and strong promotion value.

First, the model of Xianfeng Village in Zhanggou Town (branch+association+farmer model). Xianfeng Village is located in the southeast corner of Zhanggou Town. There are 9 groups, 419 households, 1,891 people and 3,531 mu of cultivated land in the village. In the past, rice was mainly planted, and it was a closed and backward water town. In 1998, eel farming was started, with an area of 2,511 mu. In 2113, initiated by the village branch, the village eel-raising association was formally established. More than 421 eel-raising households in the village all joined as members, and the association provided members with socialized services such as purchasing agricultural materials, raising eel technology, financing and marketing. At present, the model of "branch+association+farmer" has been formed. This model improves the degree of organization of farmers entering the market and accelerates the adjustment of rural economic structure and the process of agricultural industrialization. In mid-May, 2114, when The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) and Vice President Zeng Qinghong visited Xianfeng Village, they spoke highly of it, calling it "branches and associations will benefit farmers". In 2115, the per capita net income of Xianfeng Village exceeded 6,111 yuan, and the average household income was 31,111 yuan. Villager Chen Shuibing was a poor household a few years ago. His parents died in his early years, leaving a foreign debt of 2,111 yuan and a broken tile house. Now he has made a fortune by raising eels, built a beautiful two-story European-style building, used solar energy, and married his daughter-in-law. The village's infrastructure such as water, electricity, roads and canals is basically complete. The cement road in Tongcun has been built for 3.5 kilometers, with cable TV and tap water available to all households, 381 telephones installed and more than 1,211 mobile phones. The village reconstruction started in May 2114 has already reconstructed 251 households, and it is planned to be completed within three years. The support of industry provides a solid foundation for building a new countryside. They plan to spread the eel trading market to the whole country and Southeast Asia. Now more than 41 mu of land has been zoned in the village, and a foreign boss is going to invest more than 4 million yuan to build a large and multifunctional eel trading market.

the second is the model of lilinzui village in sanfutan town (company+base+farmer model). Lilinzui Village has 12 groups, 3,257 people, 752 households, 4,463 mu of cultivated land, 1,211 mu of aquaculture water surface and 3,263 mu of planting area. In the past, village-level debts were as high as 681,111. In recent years, the village has made great efforts to adjust its agricultural structure. At the end of 2114, Shengsheng Goose Industry, a deep processing enterprise of Lande Goose, was introduced to form this agricultural industrialization management mode, which promoted the large-scale breeding and standardized production of goose industry. Driven by leading enterprises, 81,111 Lande geese were developed in Sanfutan Town in 2115, with 211 farmers, including 126 professional goose farmers, increasing the net income for farmers by nearly 1 million yuan. Farmers in Lilinzui Village keep nearly 31,111 geese. The village not only pays off its debts, but also has a net income of 271,111 yuan every year, and the per capita net income of farmers reaches 4,651 yuan. At present, the task of water reform has been completed, and the farmers in the village have eaten tap water. Cable TV has been installed in more than 211 households. There are 585 fixed-line telephones and 272 mobile phones. With the construction of 2.7 kilometers of Tongcun Highway, many farmers also have buses in front of them, and there are 8 trips to the city every day. The village has carried out a large-scale "one construction and three reforms". At present, 311 toilets have been improved and about 111 biogas digesters have been built. It is planned to complete the renovation task within this year. In order to beautify the environment, eradicate schistosomiasis and ensure the health of villagers, the village has invested in the diversion of Luojia River. After the completion of the 2.7-kilometer diversion project, the two banks will be afforested and beautified. The village clinic has reached the standard. There are 2,835 people in the village who participated in the serious illness co-ordination of the Municipal Health Bureau, and each person can enjoy the treatment of reimbursement of 1.5% for outpatient service and 2,111 yuan for hospitalization. There are 51 people in the village who enjoy the minimum income guarantee, and each person has 211 yuan every year. In order to enliven the villagers' cultural and sports life, the village plans to use the idle land to build an entertainment, leisure and fitness square with a length of 111 meters and a width of 31 meters.

thirdly, the gardening field mode in Chenchang town (farm+market+farmer mode). Chenchang Town Garden was founded in 1992, and was organized by the former Chenchang Village. Now it has two branches. Through more than ten years of development and continuous adjustment of industrial structure, the advantages of oranges and aquatic products have been continuously consolidated and improved. The existing area of oranges and navel oranges in the whole audience is 1,111 mu, and the area of intensive fish ponds is 811 mu. The horticultural farm is a demonstration base for fruit tree planting in Jianghan Plain, with an average yield of 4,111 kilograms per mu and an output value of more than 6,111 yuan. "Chenchang Tangerine" was included in the national pollution-free food selection plan by the relevant departments, and was favored by merchants. The sellers took the initiative to buy it at home, and the products were in short supply. The average annual income of farmers in the audience reached 5111 yuan. On the basis of the development of production and the affluent life of villagers, the branch began to plan the construction of social security systems such as village reconstruction, road hardening, water improvement and toilet improvement, farmland water conservancy facilities construction and medical and health care. At present, the overall planning of new rural construction has been completed and is being gradually implemented. Completed the construction of 2.5 kilometers of roads for all households, with 81% households with buildings. The village is clean and tidy, and the villagers are full of confidence in the construction of new countryside.

the fourth is the Liu Cun model of Shazui office (project+owner+farmer (farmhouse) model). This model is based on the farmhouse project, attracting foreign owners to invest and start businesses, and driving local farmers to get rich together. Du Liu Cun is located in the west of Shazui Office, at the entrance and exit of Yihuang expressway in Xiantao City, which is the south gate of Xiantao City. The geographical location is superior, the infrastructure is good, the villagers' housing planning is orderly, the village roads extend in all directions, and all of them are cement pavements, and the water supply and drainage facilities are complete, which is known as the "face of Xiantao". At the end of 2115, the Xiantao Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government decided to develop this project in Liu Cun, Du on the basis of learning from the "farmhouse music" in the suburbs of Chengdu and Changsha. Relying on the location advantage of "two proximity" (near the urban area and near the entrance and exit of expressway), Duliu Farmhouse Park attracts consumers and provides them with services such as sightseeing, entertainment, sports, accommodation, catering and shopping by taking advantage of natural resources such as courtyards, ponds, nurseries and vegetable fields. After the transformation, the folk houses participate in the business activities of the farm paradise, and adopt the method of combining self-management and lease management. Farmers can operate as families or rely on the location advantages of the homestead to