According to the proportion of food stock consumption proposed by FAO, 17% to 18% is the warning line of food security. Exceeding or falling below this warning line is an unsafe factor. China has a large population and a vast territory, and the problem of food security has not been completely solved in the main sales area and the balanced production and marketing area. Judging from the long-term situation of grain supply and demand, it is more appropriate to keep the proportion of grain inventory consumption in China at 50% or even higher. In this way, the inventory level can not only ensure the national food security demand for food, but also maintain a reasonable price level to regulate the market, taking into account the interests of grain producers, consumers and grain-using enterprises, with a large room for manoeuvre. At present, China's grain inventory consumption ratio is much higher than this level.

Improve the formation mechanism of grain prices, grain prices are determined by the market, and the market is dynamic, which will drive industrial development and form a virtuous circle. Agricultural producers determine the market price through the relationship between supply and demand, and adjust and arrange the agricultural planting structure on the basis of reasonable profits and according to the guidance of national policies and market demand support. Last June165438+1October, the Ministry of Agriculture issued a document to adjust the corn planting structure in the "sickle bend" area, starting from the northeast. Judging from the current situation, with market pricing, farmers will choose whether to plant soybeans or corn.

By adjusting the planting structure, grain destocking can be promoted. However, several issues need to be clarified: first, the adjustment of planting structure is output or area, not production capacity, because production capacity is the most basic condition of agricultural production. Second, it is necessary to reduce the output, and appropriately reduce the output while reducing the planting area. Under the condition of market allocation of resources, the production and planting structure should be arranged according to the change of supply and demand structure. The cost of planting went up, the income went down, and the planting area gradually decreased. Third, agricultural policies have a great impact on agricultural production, so it is necessary to strengthen policy guidance and improve the grain price formation mechanism. Fourth, do a good job in agricultural trade supervision. At present, the total grain supply and demand in China is basically balanced, but there is a structural shortage. Agricultural products such as meat products, eggs and dairy products and milk powder still cannot meet the demand, and cotton and sugar still need to be imported in large quantities.