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Ecological farm refers to suburban farm manor that takes ecological protection as its purpose and carries out farming experience, leisure and holiday activities without damaging the environment.

Eco-farm tour is a new way of family travel. After renting a courtyard in the eco-farm for a long or short term, people can live in this courtyard with their families in their leisure time, and grow flowers, vegetables and grains by themselves, experience the joy of field work and get a close look at nature.

Preparation before the planning and design of ecological farm

1. Site survey

Before the planning and design of ecological farm, the plot where the project is located and its surrounding environment should be carefully and comprehensively surveyed. Learn more about its geographical environment, geological conditions, topographic conditions, climate change, hydrological conditions, current building location and current plant growth.

2. In-depth communication with Party A

Before planning the eco-farm, we should communicate with Party A deeply and carefully, understand Party A's intentions in detail, and explain the planning concept of the planner to Party A in depth. Good communication will bring twice the result with half the effort for future planning and design work.

Work in the planning and design stage of ecological farm

1. Make a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the data obtained from the site survey

When planning and designing, we should first make a comprehensive and detailed analysis of all kinds of data obtained from the site survey in the early stage of planning and design.

2. Plan and design the ecological farm.

Plan and design the ecological farm according to the specific conditions of the farm. For example, the planning and design project of an ecological farm is positioned as an ecological leisure experience farm. Its function orientation is: the ecological farm has many ecological leisure experience functions, such as farming experience, ecological sightseeing, leisure vacation and so on.

in the planning work, the planning and design should be carried out according to the planning and design orientation, which cannot be deviated.

3. Clarify the construction goal of the ecological farm

After planning and designing, we should further clarify the construction goal of the ecological farm around its positioning. For example, the construction goal of an ecological farm planning and designing project is to select excellent varieties of fruit trees, vegetables and crops, adopt organic cultivation techniques, and build an exemplary compound green ecological sightseeing experience agricultural park integrating ecology, leisure, entertainment, sightseeing and experience.

4. Clarify the planning and design concept of ecological farm

After clarifying the construction goal of ecological farm, we should further clarify the planning and design concept, and carry out planning and design according to the planning and design concept. For example, the planning and design concept of an ecological farm planning and design project is: reflecting the harmony between man and nature, combining ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits, creating a leisure experience-oriented ecological farm with unique style and beautiful scenery, and realizing ecology and nature.

5. Planning and design of eco-farm by zones

According to the principles of overall planning and design, and the analysis of the site conditions of the project, different functional zones are determined and different spaces are divided according to the different needs of different types of tourists, so that these spaces and areas can meet different functional requirements.

6. Road traffic planning and design of ecological farm

(1) Principles of road planning and design of ecological farm

First, the road system of ecological farm should be convenient for the development and construction of ecological farm, sightseeing and tourism management.

second, the road system of the ecological farm should highlight its characteristics and develop its advantages, so that visitors can feel the unique landscape of the ecological farm and the beautiful natural environment.

Third, the road system of the ecological farm should make all the scenic spots connect with each other to form a vivid landscape sequence.

fourthly, the road system of the ecological farm should arrange the rhythm changes according to the capacity of each scenic spot, the different terrain changes and the physical consumption procedures of tourists.

Fifth, the road system of the ecological farm should be able to meet the needs of tourists of different ages and types.

Sixth, the tour route in the ecological farm should be not only convenient, but also closely integrated with the landscape and interesting.

Seventh, the road planning and design of ecological farms should be artistic, functional and economical.

Eighth, in the ecological farm, the road network should be clearly graded, and all the scenic spots in the ecological farm must be organized into road networks at all levels.

(2) Classification of roads in ecological farms

First-class roads: First-class roads are the main skeleton connecting various functional divisions, and meet the needs of production traffic and the flow of people and vehicles in ecological farms.

secondary roads: secondary roads are roads within functional zones, which can better guide the orderly development of tourists' tourism activities.

Class III road: Class III road is a walking path inside each functional area.

7. Planning and design of ecological farm planting

(1) Principles of planning and design of ecological farm planting

First, because plants are living organisms, they have their own growth and development characteristics, and at the same time they have close ecological relations with their habitats, so when planning and designing plants, they should be considered on the basis of their own characteristics and their ecological relations with their habitats.

second, we should pay attention to the plant habits and also do creative consideration to create a beautiful landscape effect.

thirdly, under the premise of meeting the needs of plant growth and landscape, we should consider how to plan and design to achieve long-term and stable results.

(2) The way of plant collocation in ecological farm: solitary planting (also called single planting or single planting); Opposite planting; Row planting; Cluster planting.

positioning is very important in the design of eco-farm. It is the weather vane for the later work, and positioning includes many aspects. Among the positioning of an eco-farm, the key ones are theme positioning, function and function zoning positioning and market positioning.

(I) Theme Orientation of Ecological Farms

In the design of ecological farms, firstly, the planned regional features should be displayed with prominent themes, so that it has obvious heterogeneity with the surrounding tourist scenic resources. The clues of theme selection mainly include: the connotation embodied by the most important and prominent resources; The connotation of the most abundant and voluminous resource scenery; Themes guided and extended by scenic resources; Re-shape the theme with ecological culture as a clue; Re-shape the theme with traditional or modern culture as the clue.

(II) Function and functional zoning

The main functions of ecological farms include the following aspects:

Production and sightseeing functions. Mainly for the production of various cash crops and various agricultural sightseeing activities. For example, the cultivation techniques and production processes of fruits, flowers, vegetables and tea are displayed, and visitors are allowed to pick fruits, vegetables, flowers and tea. Production sightseeing is the most basic function of agricultural tourism projects.

some simple and relaxed agricultural labor activities and folk activities developed according to agricultural production provide visitors with experience functions such as rice planting, fruit and vegetable picking, beekeeping and honey making, pastoral farming, medicine collection in medicine gardens and so on, so that visitors can experience interesting agricultural activities and satisfy people's curiosity. Farming experience function is generally a function attached to production and sightseeing projects.

The farm provides tourists with places for exercise, recreation, self-cultivation and related services. For example, activities such as playing chess by the river, fishing by the pool and enjoying tea in the bamboo creek highlight the quiet and indifferent life in the countryside; Activities such as boating, lotus picking and surfing to satisfy tourists' pleasure in fishery tourism. In addition, it can also provide all kinds of fitness equipment and amusement facilities. All tourism projects have such functions.

mainly refers to the farm providing various catering and accommodation services for tourists, so that tourists can eat in the farmhouse and live in the farmhouse. This is also a basic function of ecological farm.

Farms impart knowledge of agriculture and local folk customs to tourists. Visitors can learn about all kinds of crops, working tools and usage methods, the benefits of pollution-free vegetables, how to distinguish whether fruits or vegetables have used ripening agents, how to wash them to reduce the loss of vitamins, and how to mix them to get nutrition. In addition, some ecological farms also have the functions of tasting, shopping, recuperation or integration.

according to the natural resources and geographical conditions of the farm, considering the market demand, human environment and other aspects, the main function of the farm is positioned, and then the function is divided into production and sightseeing areas, farming experience areas, entertainment and leisure areas, popular science education areas, fitness and recuperation areas, etc., so as to provide guidance for its project selection.

(III) Market Positioning

Eco-farm design should carry out accurate and detailed market positioning, take the reality and potential demand of the tourist market as the guide, explore and develop tourism resources, plan and combine tourism products, and push them to the tourism market to guide and open up the market.

In China, the eco-farm takes agriculture as the carrier and provides tourists with leisure and entertainment functions, which determines that its tourist market is different from that of large and medium-sized cities in rural areas, and its tourists are urban residents who don't know much about rural areas and rural landscapes. It is necessary to further subdivide the tourist market, for example, according to the composition of tourists, it can be divided into family type, couple type, gathering friends type, old and young type, etc. Farm products should meet the different needs of high, medium and low-grade tourists, and it is also necessary to strengthen the differential marketing of rational, habitual, impulsive, economical, amorphous and comprehensive tourists. Different target groups should design different tourism projects.

whether the positioning is accurate or not directly determines the success or failure of the future operation of the eco-farm. Therefore, before designing the eco-farm, we should do a good job of investigation and investigation, and make accurate positioning according to the local and surrounding social, natural and economic environment.

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