A Complete Guide to Business Etiquette in Various Countries

Etiquette in Singapore

(A) Basic Overview

The official name of SINGAPORE is Singapore*** and the country is located at the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula, with an area of 618 square kilometers, and a population of 3.1 million people, which is a combination of the country, the capital, and the city, It is an urban island nation with a country, capital, city and island. The Malay word "Singapore" means "Lion City". The Chinese in Singapore account for 76% of the country's total population, making it the only predominantly Chinese country in the world other than China. The main religions in Singapore are Islam as well as Buddhism, Hinduism and ____. Malay is designated as the national language and four languages, Malay, English, Mandarin and Tamil are the same as the official language, while English is the administrative language.

Singapore's National Day is August 9th.

IOn October 3, 1990, Singapore formally established diplomatic relations with China at the ambassadorial level.

(II) Social Etiquette

The etiquette Singaporeans use to meet others in social situations is the handshake. Due to cultural diversity, Singapore's etiquette and customs are also diverse: the Chinese are accustomed to arching their hands in greeting or bowing; while the Malays use the "touching hand salute". Singaporeans place special emphasis on welcoming guests with a smile and being courteous.

The Singaporean government emphasizes that "if you don't learn manners, you can't stand", and it has specially compiled a "Manual of Manners".

(C) Dress etiquette

The national dress of Singapore is a shirt with the pattern of the huaji flower, which is worn on solemn occasions.

In political activities and business contacts, Singaporeans dress solemnly. Men generally wear white long-sleeved shirts, dark suit pants, tie; women wear suits. Many public **** place to dress too casually people often refuse to enter.

The daily wear of different ethnic groups have their own characteristics: the Chinese are mostly long shirts, pants, dresses or cheongsams, the Malays wear "Baju", sand cages, Sikhs are men wrapped around the head, the women wearing a sari.

(D) Catering etiquette

Elite FTB Singapore's eating habits are often influenced by Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan and Shanghai. Taste like light, partial sweet; while the Malays avoid eating pork, dog meat, since the death of things and animal blood, do not eat shellfish, do not drink alcohol; Indians absolutely do not eat beef. At mealtime, whether the Malays or Indians do not use knives and forks, chopsticks, and accustomed to use the right hand to grab food directly, avoid using the left hand to take food.

Most Chinese Singaporeans like to drink tea.

(E) customs and taboos

Orchid "Zhuo Jin & middot; Vanda Orchid" (Hu Ji Hua) for the national flower of Singapore, the vast majority of Singaporeans are very much like the red. White is also generally good, as a symbol of purity and virtue. The national flag of Singapore consists of two colors, red and white.

In their daily lives, Chinese Singaporeans are very particular about traditional folklore, and talk to Singaporeans using humble and respectful language. Most of the Chinese in Singapore are very concerned about "face" and have a strong sense of "localization". Singaporeans generally pay attention to social morality.

Germany

Germans generally get up early in the morning, around 7 am. German businessmen's etiquette, it is appropriate to wear an undershirt three-piece Western. To visit the north, wearing a hat is better. It is not advisable to make appointments before 10 am and after 4 pm. Hours of operation are five days a week, usually from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., with a one-hour lunch break in between.

Try to speak German or bring an interpreter. Most businesspeople speak some English, but it's pleasant to use German, and try to shake hands as a courtesy. Try to shake hands with your right hand and be generous with your hand. Address the other party as "Mr." or "Ms.". If the other party has a high status, he must first extend his hand, and then shake hands with him. Most of the time, the other person will put on or take off your coat for you, so you may as well accept it and say "thank you" (Danke) again. If you have a chance, put on or take off your coat for him or someone else.

German businessmen do not want to waste time, so it is better to familiarize yourself with the problem and get straight to the point.

Russia

Russian businessmen have the characteristic Russian duality of indifference and warmth. Businessmen tend to be very serious and polite in their first interactions, and when they meet or say goodbye, they usually shake hands or hug to show their friendship.

Russian businessmen attach great importance to their own business cards, and generally do not easily distribute their own business cards, unless convinced that the identity of the other side of the trustworthy or their own business partners will hand over the card. In business negotiations, Russian businessmen pay close attention to the details of their partner's demeanor. When you stand up, keep your chest out and your stomach in; when you sit down, don't shake your legs.

Many Russian businessmen have an old-fashioned way of thinking, stubborn and not easy to change, so it is important to keep calm and quiet during the negotiations, do not give ultimatums easily, do not think of a quick fix.

The Russian businessman believes that the quality and use of goods is the most important thing, and that buying and selling goods that can attract and satisfy the general purchasing power of consumers is a good way to make money.

Most Russian businessmen do business at a slow pace, pay attention to elegance, so it is appropriate to wear solemn, conservative suits in business contacts, and it is best not to be black, the Russians prefer gray, cyan. Clothing dress or not, in the eyes of Russian businessmen is not only the embodiment of the identity, but also this business is important to judge whether one of the main signs.

The United States

Americans and guests meet, generally to shake hands as a gift, they are accustomed to hand to hold tight, eye to look at each other, slightly bowed body. In social occasions and guests shake hands, there are some of these habits and rules: if two people are opposite sex, to wait for women to reach out first after the male and then reach out to shake hands; if it is the same sex, usually should be the first to reach out to the young people, the status of the high reach to the status of the low, the host reaches out to the guests. Their other etiquette is a kiss, which is in the case of very familiar with each other to give a kind of etiquette.

Most Americans are Protestant and Roman Catholic, followed by Judaism, Orthodox Christianity, Islam, and only a few followers of Hinduism and Buddhism.

Americans taboo "13", "Friday", "3", that these numbers and dates, are symbols of bad luck and disaster; they are jealous of someone rushing to his Stick out his tongue, that this behavior is insulting action; they hate bats, that it is a vampire and the symbol of the evil god; Americans also have three taboos: one is taboo to ask his age, the second is taboo to ask him to buy the price of things, the third is taboo in the meeting, said: "You gained weight!" ; they taboo same-sex people dancing in pairs; taboo black; especially taboo gift with your company logo of cheap gifts; they taboo to women to give perfume, clothing and make-up; American women because of the habit of make-up, so they do not welcome the service staff to send scented towels to wipe their faces; they do not like people leftover food in their own dinner plate, think it is impolite.

In the U.S. state of Kansas law: citizens are not allowed to eat snake meat on Sundays, violators are subject to imprisonment. In Winona Lakes, Indiana, it is stated that no ice cream is allowed to be eaten at the counter on Sundays. In New Jersey, anyone who makes a gurgling noise while drinking soup in a restaurant can be detained by the police. In Nebraska, the law in Waterloo states that it is illegal for barbers to eat onions within the hours of 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. In Gary, Indiana, it is forbidden to ride the trolley or go to the theater for four hours after eating garlic.

Vietnamese etiquette

(a) Basic Overview

The official name of the country of Vietnam is the Socialist **** and State of Vietnam, located in the eastern part of the Central and South China Peninsula, with a total area of 329,556 square kilometers and a population of 79,730,000 people, consisting of more than 60 ethnic groups such as Vietnamese (also known as the Kinh), Hmongs, Yao, Turks, Khmers, Chinese and other ethnic groups, and the main religions are Buddhism and Catholicism ___, Cao Dai, the official language is Vietnamese, and the capital, Hanoi, derives its name from its location within the Red River embankment.

Vietnam's National Day is September 2nd.

On January 18, 1950, Vietnam established formal diplomatic relations with China at the ambassadorial level.

(2) Social etiquette

The Vietnamese people are polite and emphasize on treating people with courtesy, shaking hands when meeting people. Ethnic minorities adopt their own traditional etiquette. When addressing each other by name, the Vietnamese used to call each other by their first name, not their last name, and when they called each other by their first name, they often called each other only by the last word.

(C) dress etiquette

The Vietnamese dress plain and practical, wearing a plain shirt on top, dark pants underneath, like to wear a hat on the head and sandals on the feet. In political or business activities, they wear suits, overskirts and leather shoes.

(D) Dining etiquette

The staple food of the Vietnamese is rice and potatoes. Taste is light, preferring raw, cold, sour and sweet. Ethnic minorities in Vietnam also have their own taboos on food and drink. For example, the Yao people do not eat dog meat, the Mang people do not eat muntjac meat, the Champaiyas do not eat pork, the Gafir people do not eat beef, etc.

The Vietnamese people are very familiar with the food of the country.

In cooking dishes, most of the Vietnamese people love to use peanut oil, oil, fish sauce, love to drink tea and coffee and a variety of sour soup, love to chew betel nut.

(E) customs and taboos

Vietnamese people regard the peach blossom as the national flower, love bamboo, like dogs. They love the color red, which is considered to be auspicious.

The Vietnamese are very concerned about cleanliness and hygiene. They take off their shoes when they enter the house and wash their feet when necessary.

Dai, Yao, Lao people also taboo use of white mosquito nets, white quilts, that white is not auspicious.

France

The French cherish relationships, and it is said that business is the same, in the not yet made friends before, is not going to do business with you in large quantities.

In France, it is appropriate to wear conservative suits for business activities, visit public and private units, absolutely must make an appointment, etiquette requires that you list your identity on the business card. Decisions are made more slowly during negotiations.

French businessmen conservative and formal, especially in smaller cities such as Lyon (Lyon) or Bordoaux, you have to behave extraordinarily formal, everywhere do not forget to shake hands, more shake a few times better, do not ask each other about family matters. The French are also very sensitive to "trade secrets".

The French in trade negotiations are considered to have some of the following characteristics: 1. position is extremely firm; 2. adhere to the use of French in the negotiations; 3. clear preference for lateral type of negotiation. That is to say, they like to outline an outline for the agreement, then reach an agreement in principle, and finally determine all aspects on the agreement.

Spain

In accordance with the business customs and etiquette of Spanish businessmen, it is recommended that you wear a conservative suit with a white shirt and a conservative tie at all times. In Spain, it is also common to dress up for evening receptions or visits to the theater.

In Spain, the businessman and the object are inseparable, and whenever possible, the guest should give or introduce samples of products or services to the host. Businessmen who are guests in Spain should wear black leather shoes during office hours. The Spanish have a very positive attitude towards business. When negotiating, the person who comes out to negotiate also has the absolute right to decide, so the business negotiation we must also send a considerable number of people to negotiate, otherwise, they will be ignored.

To visit a company, it is necessary to make an appointment in advance. It's best to have a business card in Spanish and Chinese, so that the meeting and negotiation can be convenient. Spanish people good friends meet, usually want to men to hug each other's shoulders, women to gently embrace a hug and kiss on both cheeks. Business activities to meet and say goodbye, be sure to jaw, shake hands as a gift.

Many Spanish businessmen do not know "punctuality" for what, 11 a.m. to the office, lunch at noon that is not seen, until 4 to 5 p.m. back to the office, and often work to 8-9 o'clock before leaving.

Spanish name by the father's name and mother's name, talk only with the father's name can be. If you are not familiar with each other, it is best to ask first: "What should I call you?" As a sign of courtesy, it is best to add your title to your business card. The best time to visit is from October to June.

Canada

Canadians in social occasions to introduce friends, hand posture is slightly outward arm, palm up, fingers together, without fingers to point people; Canadians like to use their fingers to draw the "V" shape or the "OK" word; Canadians like to use their fingers to draw the "V" shape or the "OK" word; Canadians like to use their fingers to draw the "V" shape or the "OK" word; Canadians like to use their fingers to draw the "OK" word.

Engaged in business activities in Canada, the first meeting generally have to make a self-introduction, in the oral introduction at the same time handing over business cards. In business activities in the gift, the best gift with national characteristics, more delicate arts and crafts. In the formal negotiation occasions, the dress should be neat and solemn.

Mexico

Mexicans in social occasions the most commonly used etiquette is to embrace and Shi handshake. Mexicans and acquaintances, relatives and friends or lovers meet, generally customary to kiss and embrace as a courtesy.

The vast majority of Mexicans are Catholic, with a small number of Protestants. Mexicans taboo "13", "Friday", that these are unlucky and scary numbers and dates; they taboo mutual unfamiliarity between men kissing or kissing hands; they regard the public **** place to appear " Men wear short skirts and women wear pants" as a loss of decency, that "men wear suits, women wear long skirts" is reasonable; they taboo people give them yellow flowers and red flowers, that yellow means death, red flowers will bring bad luck; they taboo bats and their patterns and artistic shapes, that bats are a kind of vampire, giving the impression that the bats are a kind of vampire, giving the impression that the bats are a kind of vampire, giving the impression of bad luck; they taboo bats and their patterns and artistic shapes. Think bats are a kind of vampire, give a person vicious, brutal impression; they taboo purple, think purple color is a kind of ominous color, only coffins painted this color.

Business etiquette

Southeast Asia etiquette taboo: business negotiations with Southeast Asian businessmen, it is strictly forbidden to cross the legs, and even the soles of the shoes hanging upside down. Otherwise, the other side will cause resentment, the deal will be immediately blown.

Middle East etiquette: the Middle East Arab countries businessmen, often in cafes to negotiate trade. When meeting with them, it is advisable to drink coffee, tea or cool drinks, strictly avoid drinking, smoking, talking about women, taking pictures, and do not talk about the political situation in the Middle East and international oil policy.

Russian etiquette: Russia and the countries of Eastern Europe, the Western businessman's courtesy is extremely warm. When negotiating trade with Russians, do not call them "Russians", but "Russians".

British etiquette taboo: to negotiate trade in the United Kingdom, there are three taboos: 1. Jealous of the tie with grain (because the tie with grain may be considered a replica of the army or student uniform tie; 2. Jealous of the royal family as a joke of the conversation; 3. Do not call the British for the British, and more than the name of the Englishman.

French etiquette taboo: to France to negotiate trade, strictly avoid talking too much about personal matters. Because the French do not like to talk about family and personal life privacy. Avoid: 13, cranes, yellow, dark green.

Spanish etiquette taboo: people eat first. 1:30—4 lunch time. 5-6 meals per day. Earrings are important. Topics: politics, sports, traveling, art. Doing business is very certificate oriented. Desirable: pomegranate flowers.

South American etiquette and taboos: people who go to South America to do business, in order to enter the country and follow the customs, in the process of negotiating deals, it is advisable to wear dark-colored clothing, conversation is appropriate to make out and the distance between the close some, avoid wearing light-colored clothing, avoid talking about local political issues.

German etiquette: German businessmen pay great attention to work efficiency. Therefore, when negotiating trade with them, it is strictly forbidden to talk about God or the extraneous to gossip. Businessmen in northern Germany, all attach importance to their titles, when they shook hands with them again and again warmly, again and again called his title, he is bound to be extraordinarily happy.

Swiss etiquette: If you send a letter to the Swiss company, the recipient should write the full name of the company, strictly avoid writing the name of the company staff. Because, if the recipient is not in, the letter will never be opened. The Swiss worship the old company, if your company was built in 1895 before, then you should be in the work of documents or business cards to emphasize out.

Finnish etiquette taboo: and Finnish businessmen to negotiate, should pay attention to the handshake, should be called more of its manager and other titles. Negotiation place more in the office, generally not in the banquet. After successful negotiations, Finnish businessmen often invite you to a family dinner and steam bath. This is a very important courtesy. If you are invited to a banquet, don't be late and don't forget to present the hostess with five or seven (not even) flowers. It is not advisable for a guest to drink to himself before the host makes a formal toast. When talking freely, it should be avoided to talk about local political issues.

U.S. etiquette taboo: and the Americans to negotiate deals, do not have to shake hands and too much polite, trade negotiations can be straight to the point, even from eating breakfast can start. Don't touch children and dogs. Do business before making friends, and be brave enough to argue with Americans. Modesty is one's own worst enemy. Avoid talking about political issues. Avoid: white lilies, don't accept scented towels on your face.