What does operation management include?
1. Planning management effectively organizes the economic activities of enterprises around the requirements of the overall goal by means of forecasting, planning, budgeting and decision-making. Plan management embodies management by objectives.
2. Organizational management Establish an organizational structure, designate positions or posts, and clarify the relationship between responsibilities and rights, so that members in the organization can cooperate with each other and work together to effectively achieve organizational goals.
3. Material management: organize the procurement, supply, storage, economical use and comprehensive utilization of various production materials needed by enterprises in a planned way.
4 quality management supervision, inspection and inspection of the production achievements of enterprises.
5. Cost management focuses on cost prediction, cost planning, cost control, cost accounting, cost analysis and cost assessment. Around the occurrence of various expenses of enterprises and the formation of product costs.
6. Financial management manages the formation, distribution and use of financial activities of enterprises, including fixed funds, working capital, special funds and profits.
7. Labor and personnel management is the comprehensive planning, organization, systematic control and flexible adjustment of labor and personnel in all aspects of enterprise economic activities.
8. Marketing management. It is the management of pricing, promotion and distribution of products by enterprises.
9. Team management. It means that in an organization, various departments are formed according to members' work nature and ability, and they participate in various decision-making and problem-solving of the organization, so as to improve organizational productivity and achieve organizational goals. It refers to the combing, conciseness, deep planting and promotion of corporate culture. Under the guidance of corporate culture, match the company's management lines and management modules such as strategy, human resources, production, operation and marketing.
What does the management of the company include?
I. Foreign investment
1, scale of foreign investment
Where the articles of association have limits on the total amount of investment and the amount of individual investment, they shall not exceed the prescribed limits.
2. Foreign investment resolution.
The company's investment in other enterprises shall be decided by the board of directors or shareholders (general meeting) in accordance with the provisions of the articles of association.
Second, external guarantee.
1, external guarantee scale
Where the articles of association have limits on the total amount of guarantee and the amount of individual guarantee, they shall not exceed the prescribed limits.
2. Resolution on external guarantee
Where the company provides guarantee for "others" (non-shareholders and non-actual controllers), it shall be decided by the board of directors or shareholders (shareholders' meeting) in accordance with the provisions of the articles of association. Where the company provides guarantee for "shareholders or actual controllers", it must be resolved by the shareholders' (general) meeting. Shareholders who accept the guarantee or are controlled by the actual controller shall not participate in the voting, and the voting shall be passed by "more than half" (1/2 or more) of the voting rights held by "other shareholders" present at the meeting.
Third, foreign borrowing.
1. Unless otherwise specified in the Articles of Association or approved by the "shareholders' meeting", the directors and managers of the company shall not lend the company's funds to others without authorization.
2. A joint stock limited company shall not provide loans to directors, supervisors and senior managers directly or through subsidiaries.
Fourth, provident fund.
1, surplus reserve fund
(1) statutory provident fund:
The statutory reserve fund is drawn at 10% of the after-tax profit. When the accumulated amount of statutory reserve fund exceeds 50% of the registered capital, it may not be drawn again. When the statutory reserve fund is used for capitalization, the statutory reserve fund retained after capitalization shall not be less than 25% of the registered capital before capitalization.
(2) Arbitrary provident fund:
There is no limit on the withdrawal ratio of any provident fund, and there is no 25% limit on the use of any provident fund to increase capital.
2. Capital accumulation fund:
(1) Capital accumulation fund is directly formed by capital reasons. The premium of shares issued by a joint stock limited company at an issue price exceeding the par value of the shares and other income listed in the capital reserve by the financial department of the State Council shall be included in the company's capital reserve.
(2) The capital reserve fund shall not be used to cover losses.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) contractual liability in the establishment stage of a company
1. Contract signed in the name of shareholders
In order to set up a company, the promoters sign contracts in their own names. For the counterpart, the subject of the contract is the sponsor, so in principle, the sponsor should bear the contract responsibility. However, after the establishment of the company, the people's court shall support the confirmation of the contract concluded in the name of the promoter, or the other party to the contract requests the company to bear the contract responsibility.
2. Contracts signed in the name of the company
The promoters sign contracts with foreign countries in the name of the company under establishment, and the people's court shall support the request of the counterpart of the contract to assume the contractual responsibilities after the establishment of the company. However, after the establishment of the company, there is evidence to prove that the sponsors signed the contract for their own interests, and the other party of the contract knew it. The contractual liability should not be borne by the founding company, but by the promoters. If the counterpart of the contract doesn't know that the sponsor entered into the contract for his own benefit, that is to say, it is in good faith, the company will still bear the contract responsibility.
Expansion: the employment direction of operation management
Graduates can work in transportation enterprises and institutions, rail transit units, logistics companies, international transportation management companies, freight forwarding companies, foreign trade import and export companies, shipping companies, container transportation companies and other units: production management positions in transportation enterprises and institutions, station transportation organization management positions, rail transit organization management positions, international freight management positions, international trade management positions, statistical accounting positions in transportation enterprises and institutions, logistics enterprise management positions, and various front-line operations.
Professional introduction
Training goal: high-tech applied talents who are familiar with the business knowledge of transportation industry and have good management ability.
Main courses: college English, advanced mathematics, computer application, transportation, international trade policy and practice, liner chartering business, operational research, urban rail operation management, transportation planning principles, transportation information technology, transportation marketing, railway freight organization management, air transportation business, container transportation management, port and shipping business management, transportation professional English, transportation statistics, etc.
Employment orientation: graduates majoring in traffic operation management can work in transportation enterprises and institutions, rail transit units, logistics companies, international transportation management enterprises, freight forwarding companies, foreign trade import and export companies, shipping companies, container transportation companies and other units: production management positions in transportation enterprises and institutions, station transportation organization management positions, international freight management positions, international trade management positions, statistical accounting positions in transportation enterprises and institutions, and various front-line positions.
Analysis on Employment Prospect of Traffic Operation Management Major
With the development of China's railway construction scale and investment scale, the demand for railway equipment will also increase sharply. However, it is undeniable that the current situation of China's equipment manufacturing industry is that the basic supporting capacity is still weak, some core technologies and key components still need to be imported from abroad, and the industry scale is large, but the concentration is low, and there is a lack of world-class large companies and groups. Some time ago, China Bearing Industry Association convened a meeting of its member units in Beijing to promote the research and development of high-speed railway passenger car bearings.
In recent years, port tunnels have maintained a strong growth momentum, and the growth rate has remained above 10%. Passenger and freight transport has also achieved rapid growth this year, and the growth rate is also above 10%, but there are great differences within the same industry, such as mass transit (related, market) and Beijing public transport (related, market), and other enterprises in the same industry have achieved remarkable results this year. We compare the trends of transportation listed companies in different industries with those in Shanghai stock market, and find that the transportation industry as a whole is more resilient in this year's decline.
What abilities do camp management specialists need to master?
1. Have solid academic knowledge, be proficient in a foreign language, and be able to skillfully use foreign language materials of this major;
2. Systematically master the technical theory, basic knowledge and basic skills of traffic equipment and control engineering;
3. Master the analysis and design methods of the electromechanical system as a whole, components and devices of traffic equipment;
4. Master the basic knowledge and skills of electrical, electronic and information disciplines necessary for traffic equipment and control engineering;
5. Have the necessary experimental and literature retrieval skills to understand the new trends and development trends of science and technology development of traffic equipment and control engineering;
6. Have the ability of preliminary research, development and organization and management of new technologies, new processes and new equipment in traffic equipment and control engineering;
7. Have a strong sense of innovation and the ability to acquire new knowledge.