First, the principle of planning.
This plan is made according to the SMART principle.
specific
For big plans, it is necessary to accurately analyze the environment and influencing factors in the implementation process in stages and steps, and formulate careful countermeasures and action plans. Careful and specific planning can reduce communication costs and reduce interference and confusion in implementation. Even for some small work projects, details can't be ignored in the plan. For example, a meeting needs to make specific plans according to the theme, such as the selection and layout of the venue, the arrangement of the meeting agenda, the advance notice of the speaker, the preparation and review of the speech, the notice of the participants, the accommodation and catering arrangements for the participants, and implement them to the executors.
(2) Measurable
The results of the planned stage objectives should be measurable and clear to the implementers, so as to master and control the work progress, check and follow up the evaluation.
(3) reach an agreement.
All planning is determined by certain goals and objectives, the goal is the end point, and planning is the process that design must go through to reach the end point.
(4) achievable
The plan must be achievable and operational. Unrealistic planning not only wastes the time and energy of planning, but also causes employees to complain, affects implementation, fails to reach the goal, and is empty talk.
(5) There is a time limit
Enterprises have set goals according to their own development, and our work must be completed within the prescribed time limit around this goal. The plan should reflect the progress of the work so as to complete the task within the expected time.
The above are the principles for making the plan. As an expression of scheme formulation, it should be concise. In practical work, middle-level leaders can't be frank when making work plans and assigning tasks, and they can't grasp the theme, which affects the implementation of the work. Concise, clear and without lack of specific work plans, employees can grasp the key points of work well and carry out their work.
Second, the elements of planning
If you want to express one thing clearly, you must clarify some elements. I remember that when I was studying composition, I stressed that I should clearly express the time, place, people, the cause, process and result of the event. Planning is the same, and it also needs to be expressed by some elements, which can be summarized as 5w2h.
5w: What, who, when, where and why?
What: What does planning mean to do or accomplish? Clear work tasks;
Who: who and who will carry out the plan; Clear the person in charge of the task;
When: when and to what extent; Clarify the progress of work tasks;
Where: where to work; Clarify the work place and area;
Why: Why do you want to do this? Clarify the reasons and motives of work;
2h: How much, how much?
How: how to carry out the work; Clear working methods;
How much: how much work has been completed; Clear the workload.
Assigning tasks or making a work plan should be a basically complete plan if it has the above elements.
Third, the decomposition and refinement of the plan
If we undertake a specific task, we need to make an activity list and a planning work table for this task, just like our project schedule. Each list should include all the steps that may be required for this big task. These checklists and worksheets will help us determine and evaluate the workload that must be handled in large tasks. Breaking down a big task into several small tasks helps us to estimate them more accurately, expose work activities that you might not have thought of in other situations, and ensure more accurate and detailed status tracking.
Fourth, the unification of planners and executors.
The work assignment or plan setting given by the supervisor to employees is an agreement in the work. Planners and executors need to reach a * * * understanding of this plan and form a behavior contract, so as to ensure that actions are consistent, the plan is implemented smoothly and the work objectives are achieved. Otherwise, if the planner adopts an arbitrary and compulsory attitude when making a plan, or the executor has doubts and disapproval of the plan, it will greatly affect the work enthusiasm. Therefore, the plan, the maker and the executor should be unified, and the maker and the executor should recognize each other, so as to better realize * * *.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) the characteristics of plan
(a) the plan ahead of time and guidance:
Planning, organization and control are the three major functions of management, and as a plan, it is the first in management. A job must be planned first, and then there will be subsequent organization and control. Work without a plan is not called management. In the outward bound training, as the captain of the Southern Wolves, in the previous day's training, the two team projects were not very satisfactory, that is, they didn't organize everyone to make a good plan with me and didn't concentrate everyone's wisdom, so that they couldn't control the scene in the activity. Everyone is an organizer, everyone has a plan, and it is not good to spend it in the hustle and bustle, resulting in no specific plan. But in the next day's activity, we had a meeting to sum up our experience and decided that at the beginning of the activity, everyone should think about the problem and make plans and schemes as quickly as possible. In the end, every project was completed well, so only with a plan can there be control standards and organizational purposes. Planning has initiative in management work, and at the same time it is instructive to the implementation and control of management work.
(2) the feasibility of the plan
The procedure of planning is: goal-feasibility study-scheme-decision. When making the largest square for the collective blind, the feasibility of our team's scheme has been greatly tested. At home, we don't know where to start and what to do next. The plan should also be targeted, and it is formulated to complete a certain task or achieve a certain goal. The completed goal should be practical, and the implementation plan should be put forward according to the goal determined after the study and lead the decision-making. In this way, after the decision, this plan has formed our plan. Planning is a work plan formed after comprehensive consideration of various factors. After the plan is completed, it should be a feasible action plan. An infeasible plan is a failed plan. As a middle-level manager of an enterprise, it is very important for us to plan and make decisions for the leaders.
(C) the principle and flexibility of the plan
Since we spend time, manpower, material resources and financial resources to make a plan, it will play a normative role in our work after it is made. We should complete the work according to the plan and within the scope stipulated in the plan. Here, the plan is principled and cannot be changed and destroyed at will. Because for an organization, everyone is working step by step as planned. If one person or one aspect is destroyed, it may affect the achievement of the whole plan. However, the plan is not immutable. During the implementation of the plan, some related factors have changed when making the plan, which will lead to changes in the implementation of the plan or our expected results. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the plan in time to make it more practical. In demining activities, when our team explored all the roads ahead, we found that there was no way to go. We changed our plan in time and headed for the red zone, which really worked. Facts have proved that it is correct to change our plan in time, so the plan should be combined with process improvement.
Sixth, the importance of planning management
(A) a clear goal to boost morale
It is often said that a person without hope has no courage; Without goals, there is no motivation. The plan accurately contains the hopes and goals of a person or a team. Although there is not much decoration and description in the plan, the goal is excellent. In fact, it already contains a bright future and a bright future. And the inspiration of this prospect and future to a person or a team is immeasurable.
(B) step by step, improve efficiency
Efficiency is the number of things completed per unit time. In order to improve the efficiency of study and work, we must do as many things as possible in the shortest time. In this way, it is necessary to minimize hesitation time, take fewer detours, and waste energy in vain. And a scientific and careful plan has these functions: what to do and how much to do are all in the plan, which is conducive to entering actual combat as soon as possible without hesitation. What to do first, then what to do, there are specific steps in the plan, which can effectively avoid detours; What method to use in a certain step and what measures to take for a certain problem are also considered repeatedly in advance. Generally, they will not make big mistakes, and can also effectively avoid wasting energy and increase the quantity and quality of learning work. Taken together, these conditions will promote the improvement of study and work efficiency. Some students who have no plans at ordinary times will work hard day and night before the exam, which will lead to excessive burden and a large number of brain cells being killed, which will not only improve learning efficiency, but also seriously damage their health. On the first day of this outward bound training, our team spent too much time making plans, which was inefficient and even exceeded the time to complete the project.
(C) control of life, enhance the ability
People always use past experience to guide their future life. Planning is about the future, but it is based on the past. At the same time, a good plan must also take into account the current actual and personal subjective conditions. In the memory of "past" experience, in the investigation of current objective situation, and in the analysis of personal subjective conditions, not only the self-cognitive ability is improved, but also the ability to understand the objective world will be exercised and improved. For example, as a middle-level cadre in an enterprise, he has a lot of practice in contact and planning, so his ability to live, work and understand problems is generally high.
(four) to develop good study and work habits and excellent study and work quality.
Human resources experts tell us that it usually takes about three weeks of regular and continuous exercise and training to form a habit. Using planned study, the continuity of the plan is as short as one semester and as long as one school year. As long as you can study and work as planned 2 1 day before the implementation of the plan, good study and work habits may become conscious actions. Therefore, the enthusiasm and initiative of study and work have also been enhanced. In the actual study, work and life, you will encounter some unexpected situations, which will have an impact on your study and work plan, and the plan will conflict with reality. At this time, you can adjust your study and work plan for the day, but sometimes you can't. Strive to overcome difficulties and ensure the implementation of the plan. For example, there is a wonderful film showing in the cinema these days, or there is an interesting novel at hand. At this time, we must eliminate all kinds of distractions and temptations and study and work hard as planned. In this process, the will quality has been tested and tempered, and good will quality has been formed and developed.
In a word, the meaning of planning is extraordinary: it can give you courage, efficiency and ability, promote your rapid development and early success. I am willing to cultivate myself into an excellent talent, and I should never relax my planning. A year's plan lies in spring, and a day's plan lies in morning. "The harvest of one year lies in the plan at the beginning of this year, and the goal of one day lies in the plan at the beginning of today. An old saying shows the importance of planning. After listening to a management expert's class, he said in the class that "the plan for next year lies in the end of the year, and the plan for tomorrow lies in tonight". He put the plan in front of others and emphasized the advance of the plan. " One step ahead and foresight are very important in today's fierce competition. Although I understand that he has modified some common expressions in his opinions, which is a bit grandstanding and eye-catching, it is still of practical significance in explaining the importance and advance of the plan and the actual formulation of the enterprise work plan. Some people think that spending time writing plans will affect work efficiency, but I don't think so. The difficult thing is not to write a plan, but to make a plan-thinking, communicating, weighing, communicating, asking questions and listening. The time you spend analyzing and solving problems will reduce accidents in your work.