First, before opening the store
1, the choice of franchise chain
Because most friends who want to open a dry cleaner have no technical and operational foundation, they generally choose to join the washing industry. Therefore, it is necessary to talk about this issue.
Joining does have many commendable benefits, such as brand effect, professional and technical training, short learning curve, suggestions and strategies for shop location, shop decoration scheme, mature LOGO design, systematic service process and so on. However, at present, the brands of domestic washing industry are mixed, whether true or false, they all develop and grow in the form of franchise chains. Similarly, whether it is true or not, it mainly sells equipment, detergents and related auxiliary items.
Among them, brand companies with real strength and relatively standardized professional ethics have relatively high initial fee, brand use fee, margin and comprehensive operating cost after opening, which makes most entrepreneurs flinch. Objectively speaking, apart from providing reliable quality and performance equipment, detergent and washing industry technology, these companies can not provide much substantive help in your actual operation. And the so-called brand effect, to be honest, really not many people pay attention to or understand. As long as you have good technology, good service attitude, reasonable price and bright shop decoration, it doesn't matter whether you are a brand or not, mainly depending on your personal business philosophy and attitude.
Other so-called well-known brand franchisees mostly have low comprehensive conditions in terms of equipment, detergent quality, technology and follow-up service, and there is a considerable degree of fraud. However, because of its relatively low threshold, it conforms to the economic ability of most entrepreneurs, and the probability of being chosen by entrepreneurs who don't know how to do business is also high, which brings double trauma to entrepreneurs in spirit and money. These institutions are well prepared. After the dispute arises, it is difficult for all entrepreneurs to recover their losses. Even if the contract and agreement are brought to court, it is impossible to find a flaw, and many people are bitten back and intensified. Therefore, joining needs to be cautious, cautious and cautious!
If the entrepreneur's financial ability is limited, personally, don't rush to start a business first, go to a dry cleaner in a bigger city and work for a period of time without pay. In this way, you can not only learn the whole set of dry cleaning technology, management and operation procedures, the identification and use of paid equipment and detergents, but also learn some unknown secrets of this industry. Generally speaking, you can learn more comprehensive knowledge than joining a chain. Maybe you will spend 1~2 months studying for a part-time job, but it's better than spending more than N dollars and stumbling in the process of starting a business. Because, in the fierce market competition, you may stumble.
2. Selection of equipment and cleaning agents
If you choose a powerful franchise chain and have a good professional ethics, then this aspect need not be considered. If it is operated alone, then this problem needs careful consideration, which is not only related to the quality and efficiency of your future operation, but also related to the comprehensive use cost and the possible impact in the future. Some equipment has great hidden dangers in quality, and after a period of use, problems continue to appear. Some detergents do not meet environmental hygiene standards and are easy to be reported or investigated. Therefore, when shopping, you must keep your eyes open and shop around. Eating more snacks before opening can avoid many chain reaction problems in the future.
3, the mastery of washing technology
It is no exaggeration to say that technology is the foundation of dry cleaners. Many entrepreneurs think it is too simple to run a dry cleaner, thinking that it is easy to use and easy to manage as long as professional equipment is used to help people clean clothes. In fact, the washing industry is completely different from traditional washing clothes. It is required to be clean and hygienic, and healthy and beautiful, so as to achieve the purposes of "dust removal, disinfection, sterilization", "crispness, rigidity and maintenance", restore the reuse function and prolong the service life. Therefore, practitioners must have the corresponding professional skills, accurately grasp the solvent concentration, washing temperature and mechanical strength for different fabrics and garments, and operate according to the technological process specifications to effectively deal with various difficult special fabrics and high-grade garments. This involves textile, machinery, chemistry, electronics, aesthetics and other knowledge. It should be said that the washing industry has a certain scientific and technological content and should be a technical type of work.
In addition, high-tech textile materials change with each passing day, and clothing styles emerge one after another. Some fabrics are made of a mixture of various fibers. This kind of fabric is novel and complicated, and the trend of high-grade and fashionable clothing brings new difficulties to washing.
This requires employees to have excellent skills and rich knowledge, so pre-job training is necessary. However, most operators don't have excellent skills. Even after professional training by affiliated institutions, they can't master and use it well because of their wide knowledge and short learning period, which leads to a series of unfavorable factors in their business.
4, the choice of store location
Washing and dyeing shops don't need very busy shops, so it's enough to avoid being too deserted and easy for residents to patronize. Taking the location of the store as the center, it extends outward for a certain distance, and takes this distance as the radius to form a circular consumption circle. In the dry cleaning industry, generally, 200m in Fiona Fang is the main business circle, and 500m in Fiona Fang is the secondary business circle. The business circle is divided into commercial area, residential area, cultural and educational area, office area and mixed area. Statistics show that nearly 50% of the customers of dry cleaners come from areas within 200 meters from the store, so in principle, there must be more than 5,000 permanent residents within a radius of 500 meters when choosing business premises.
Suppose a residential area with an average price of 1000 yuan/㎡ and 2,000 households is taken as an example, and the laundry standard is generally 2 persons/household, 10 pieces/person/year and around 20 yuan, then the estimation formula of laundry consumption capacity is: (2 persons/household × 10 pieces/person/year.
As a relatively independent dry cleaner, its business area, including reception, dyeing, nursing, storage and a series of functional areas, should be kept between 50-200 square meters. This area is the best business area of the dyeing and washing shop, which will not lead to excessive investment and rental costs because of its large area, and can also ensure enough space to carry out normal services. In the pattern, try to choose a wider storefront instead of considering a narrower one.
Site configuration depends on consideration of water source, electricity, noise, environmental protection and ventilation.
Water source: there must be enough water source and pressure, and the upper and lower sewers are unobstructed.
Power supply: 200V or 380V regulated power supply is required (the power load is determined according to the actual power consumption of the equipment).
Noise: The noise pollution caused by laundry equipment must be controlled within the tolerable range of the surrounding environment.
Environmental protection: whether it is dry cleaning or water washing, its wastewater treatment must meet the national environmental protection requirements.
Exhaust: air circulation is smooth.
Step 5 decorate the layout
() 1 visual perception
The layout of dry cleaners is different from that of convenience stores. Dry cleaners don't sell goods, but pay attention to service. The purpose of customers' laundry is to restore the cleanliness and beauty of fabrics. Therefore, the store decoration must emphasize the overall visual effect, be neat, beautiful and elegant within the customer's visual range, and the background color should be light and cold.
(2) Overall layout
If dry cleaners need to concentrate reception, laundry, ironing, drying, warehousing and other functions in the same business place, then the overall feeling, including daily operation needs and overall aesthetic needs, should be considered when configuring functional areas. Generally speaking, you need to pay attention to the following aspects:
Operation flow and efficiency: in the overall layout, we should consider the convenience of daily operation and arrangement;
Fabric storage is neat and orderly: first of all, clean clothes must be stored separately from clothes to be washed; Second, clothing access should have rules to follow; Third, clothes must be covered with dust and moisture;
The processing area is different from the reception area: if the business site is limited, the dry cleaner should be divided into at least two areas, one is the customer reception area, which can also be used as the cleaning obligation storage area; The second is the processing area, including washing, drying, ironing and finishing;
Eye-catching and clear service tips: dry cleaners need to inform customers of some matters, including service content, service price, washing signs and precautions, business license, tax registration, hygiene license, business hours, complaint telephone number, etc. And the convenience and readability of customers must be considered.
(3) Safety and health
Fire fighting facilities are complete, the power supply system is safe and reliable, and the water supply and drainage system is unobstructed;
The discharge and treatment of sewage, waste gas, residual liquid and residue conform to the relevant provisions of the state;
According to the requirements of the health and epidemic prevention station department, install air disinfection ultraviolet lamp;
Equipped with disinfectant, used for spraying and wiping floors, walls, equipment surfaces, operating tables and other routine disinfection;
There is a special stain removal table for clothes stains.
5. Application and processing of license
Before dry cleaning, an environmental impact assessment report must be provided. According to this report, the Environmental Protection Bureau will issue an opinion form for the examination and approval of the environmental impact report, which is a prerequisite for the industrial and commercial departments to apply for business licenses.
Because the equipment and washing solvent used in the washing industry, improper use will have a great impact on the environment. In addition to washing equipment and solvents, it will also conduct comprehensive examination and approval in noise, sewage discharge, ventilation and environmental protection.
Note: I am in Shanghai, and I don't know if there is such a restriction in other regions. However, with or without such restrictions, it is better to follow this procedure. After all, environmental protection is one of the focuses of the world, so we should be prepared. If there is no rigid requirement in the local area, it can also be used as a selling point in the business after handling.
Second, after the opening.
1, establish employee training
From the perspective of laundry processing flow and service items, employees must have the following settings, but employees belong to the category of human resources, and different employees will produce different results when dealing with the same thing. How many employees to allocate and how to adapt to the operators' business and management concepts, entrepreneurs can choose their own employees according to their own characteristics and business needs.
1) Ironman, 2) Laundryman, 3) Receptionist, 4) Dyer, 5) Dyer, 6) Repairman, 7) Quality Inspector, 8) Administrator.
Employees with different functions have different requirements. Due to the limited space, I won't go into details here. If entrepreneurs have relevant skills, they often hold several jobs to reduce labor costs.
Because laundry is a processing service. A new dress is sold and scrapped, which is a cycle of "wearing, dyeing and washing" and "wearing, dyeing and washing again and again". This is a dynamic process of gradual obsolescence and gradual wear. Therefore, it is a natural phenomenon that the color of clothes fades slightly after each washing, and it is slightly old, which can't be compared with the new one. Moreover, many hidden ills will only be revealed after washing. Some stubborn stains can't be washed away, especially those that have been treated at home and haven't been removed. It will be more difficult to take them to the dry cleaner. If the receptionist has insufficient business knowledge, it is difficult to distinguish these situations, and it is impossible to inform the customer immediately. The customer will confirm and mark the laundry list. Then, there will be some disputes, and the influence and reputation will be very bad.
In addition, the contact between dry cleaners and all kinds of clothes directly affects the sanitary condition of clothes and the health of consumers. Therefore, the staff are required to have no infectious diseases and a health certificate issued by the health and epidemic prevention department. If the dry cleaners blindly recruit people who have not passed the medical examination or have infectious diseases, it will bring bad consequences to the work and reputation of consumers and units.
2. Service
(1) Clarify the quality standards of all kinds of clothes cleaning.
Because some clothes have been washed many times, they are likely to fade a little and look a little old after washing. In addition, due to the particularity of fabric and dyeing process, there may be great differences before and after washing. Therefore, before collecting clothes, we must clearly show the cleaning quality standards of all kinds of clothes to customers. We should seriously and responsibly tell customers whether it is general or fine washing and the effect after washing. If they are not sure that they can meet the expectations of consumers, they can politely refuse.
There are many washing standards for various fabrics, and the space is limited, so I won't go into them here. You can check them online yourself.
(2) Clear consumer dispute resolution.
Accidents will inevitably occur in any industry, so it is necessary to set clear and reasonable dispute resolution methods. On the one hand, it can be well established in safeguarding the rights and interests of both parties, on the other hand, it can give customers a good impression of being serious and responsible. Minimize the risks and concerns of customers.
(3) The store is equipped with some small items, such as buttons, various stitches and sporadic ornaments. Some clothes were found to be missing buttons, stitches, etc. If the cost is not high, even if it has been confirmed by the customer and marked on the laundry list when collecting clothes, then these small problems will be solved free of charge after cleaning, but small things can earn a lot of impression points.
3. Marketing
(1) competitors
It is of great significance to determine the location, scale and customer orientation of rival dry cleaners. Under normal circumstances, it is necessary to identify three or five important competitors within a certain scope and stage, and focus on analysis and attention. Operators should master the basic situation and development trends of competitors and establish detailed competitor files.
(2) customer orientation
Correct customer orientation is the key to the success of dry cleaners. Before making a competitive strategy, we must make clear the target customers of dry cleaners. With a clear customer orientation, we can further decorate the storefront, design the environment, set the price and choose the promotion method according to customers' preferences. Only in this way can we be targeted in the competition and get the goal directly.
(3) Molding characteristics
After careful analysis of the main competitors, we will find that they all have their own characteristics. Operators should choose a competitive strategy suitable for their own development according to their competitors and their own actual conditions and implement it conscientiously. Publicize your competitive advantage to customers, so that customers and even competitors can accept and recognize it, and you will gain a real competitive advantage. Competitive advantage will attract specific customers to enter their own stores and become regular customers.
(4) the promotion strategy of dry cleaners
Free gifts or trials, discounts, holiday weekend discounts, discount cards, bulk specials, gifts, on-site production, promotional materials, etc., operators can design and implement according to local folk customs, festivals, consumption habits and other comprehensive factors.
4. Precautions for washing
(1) Pay attention to the washing marks: With the development of synthetic fibers, various worsted fiber products have become the main wearing and decorative items in people's daily life. Due to the differences in fiber properties, dyeing chromaticity, wear resistance, light fastness and shrinkage, different products should be accurately marked with corresponding washing marks. Therefore, when washing, you must see the washing mark, the composition and content of fiber and the washing method clearly;
(2) Pay attention to the mixed sweater: the tanned part of the mixed sweater will become brittle after dry cleaning. Some garments are inlaid with leather products in collars, cuffs, welts and pockets, while the washing sign of the whole garment indicates dry cleaning. When this kind of mixed clothes are dry-cleaned, the dry cleaning agent will cause the leather products on the clothes to become brittle and broken;
(3) Melting of wool blended fabric: Plastic ornaments on wool blended fabric are easy to melt when dry cleaning. Some manufacturers embed plastic pearls and other accessories in wool blended fabrics for the novelty of clothing styles, and generally indicate "dry cleaning only" on the washing signs. This kind of clothes for decoration is dry-cleaned and easily dissolved by dry cleaning agent. If light-colored clothes are dyed and washed to protect the decoration, the fabric is likely to shrink and deform.
(4) Pay attention to color matching and color biting: cotton fabrics are easy to match colors in the washing process. Generally speaking, the washed logo of cotton products is generally washed by water, but because some clothes have poor color fastness and wear resistance, the fading of one item will make other light-colored clothes match colors during washing. In addition, if the clothes are stained with oil stains and color stains, it is difficult for ordinary detergents to remove them, and special detergents are easy to discolor and bite the clothes, which increases the liability risk. If dry cleaning is used, the original color may change chemically and become colored;
(5) Pay attention to fiber dip-washing: cotton clothing has leather products, which are easy to dip-wash after washing, while cotton products have strong staining, and the washing label is generally washed. If cotton clothes are equipped with leather collars, pockets or cuffs, it is easy to stain the seams between leather and fiber fabrics when washing, and it is difficult to recover;
(6) Dry cleaning of down jackets: Dry cleaning of down jackets will affect the warmth retention effect. In order to be waterproof and windproof, down jackets are often coated with a colloidal protective layer, and the washing sign is usually dry cleaning. However, dry cleaning will embrittle and degum the gum on the fabric, which will affect the waterproof and windproof effect. At the same time, the degreasing performance of dry cleaning agent is very strong, and some inferior down jackets are not degreased during processing. After dry cleaning, the fluff will become spherical and cannot be restored to its original state, which will affect the warmth.
(7) Pay attention to shrinkage deformation: Some fabric curtains do not shrink in the process of production and processing, and the shrinkage rate can be as high as 10% after washing, and it is still possible to shrink after secondary washing. Some curtains have long woven nails at the bottom, which are easy to untie after washing. If dry cleaning is used, its cost is higher and consumers can't afford it. Some cotton clothes don't shrink, so buy them and put them in the water. The advantage is that the width does not shrink and the weft does not shrink. Once these items shrink, it is difficult to recover;
(8) Three-point washing and seven-point ironing: In the past, washing clothes relied on "three-point washing and seven-point ironing", and now it is the same, but the washing and ironing tools are more advanced than before. Clothes should be not only washed but also ironed. At present, the washing and dyeing industry has eliminated the iron and electric iron that used to be burned in the past, and steam iron is widely used. When doing work, you need to iron the clothes without deformation, with smooth surface, no dead wrinkles, uniform length and elegant appearance. For ironing jackets, cashmere coats and overcoats, operators should be required to use mannequins for shaping, steam ironing and spraying;
(9) Pay attention to product changes: With the improvement of living standards, some well-known brands and high-grade clothing and bedroom fabric decoration products are increasingly favored by consumers, and the traditional way of washing items has been difficult to meet the continuous innovation of products and changes. Therefore, as a business owner, we should learn more about washing consumption knowledge and avoid the phenomenon of incomplete service functions.
(10) When receiving customers, if you find that your clothes have problems due to improper cleaning in the past, you should communicate with customers in time, and tell them the reasons and the effect after washing seriously and responsibly, and the customers will choose and confirm by themselves.
sanitary and antiepidemic
With the development and progress of society, people's quality of life is constantly improving, especially for the sanitary function of clothing, which requires not only the cleanliness of clothing, but also the cleanliness and hygiene of washed and ironed clothing, which is beneficial to human health. Therefore, the hygiene management of laundry and ironing personnel in dry cleaners and workplaces should meet the hygiene requirements as much as possible.
(1) Hygienic requirements of dry cleaners
The contact between dry cleaners and all kinds of clothes directly affects the sanitary condition of clothes and the health of consumers. Therefore, the staff are required to have no infectious diseases and a health certificate issued by the health and epidemic prevention department. This can cut off the spread of diseases in laundry service activities, safeguard the vital interests of consumers, make the processed clothes meet the hygiene requirements, and make consumers really feel comfortable and at ease with their clothes. If the dry cleaners blindly recruit people who have not passed the medical examination or have infectious diseases, it will bring bad consequences to the work and reputation of consumers and units.
(2) employees' own health protection
Workers engaged in laundry and ironing not only require their own health, but also strengthen their own hygiene and protection at work, which is beneficial to both of them.
(3) Hygienic management in the working area of dry cleaners
In order to ensure the cleanliness of clothes and prevent cross-infection, the working area of dry cleaners is divided into pollution area and clean area, so that the washed clothes can be really dirty in and dirty out and delivered cleanly and hygienically.
(4) Contaminated areas
Contaminated area refers to the area where clothes and articles that are not disinfected, washed and ironed are received and stored. Articles in the polluted area are not treated when they go to work, and they cannot be brought into other areas at will, and clean clothes cannot be placed in the polluted area. Food and drinks can't be stored in polluted places. Workers in polluted areas should not wear work clothes to enter other work areas at will. In addition, the polluted areas should be clearly marked, and yellow is generally appropriate. The categories of contaminated clothes should also be marked with cards with different colors, and records should be established to register the categories and quantities of contaminated clothes in detail, as well as the time and method of treatment.
(5) Clean area
Clean area refers to the area where the articles that have been treated and meet the hygiene requirements are stored. It is required to be classified and placed neatly for easy search and distribution. Once the clean area is found to be polluted, it should be disinfected immediately.
There are too many problems that can be thought of in a short time. If you have any other dry cleaning questions, please contact me through my user name and I will try my best to answer them.
I wish: the cause is thriving and everything goes well!