Broussonetia papyrifera cultivation techniques

Propagation methods

Propagation by seeds or cuttings. In order to overcome the problem that a large number of pulpy fruits of female plants fall off at maturity and affect environmental sanitation, male plants can be used as scions to cultivate grafted seedlings for planting. ?

seedling raising

mature Broussonetia papyrifera fruits are collected in October every year, pounded in barrels, rinsed, and residue liquid is removed to obtain pure seeds, which can be dried and stored for later use. Because the seed is small, the seed shell is hard and it is difficult to absorb water, wet fine sand must be used to accelerate germination before sowing. In spring, the row spacing is 25~31cm. When sowing, the seeds and fine sand are evenly mixed and scattered into a 2cm deep ditch, and it is advisable to cover the soil so that the seeds are not seen. After sowing, cover the grass, and the seeds will germinate and emerge after 3 weeks. Do a good job of management and protection in the early stage of emergence, prevent birds and rodents, and ensure the safe overwintering of seeds. When the annual seedlings can reach 81~91cm, they can go out of the nursery for afforestation. ?

Sowing

Choose loose, fertile, deep loam land with sunny leeward as nursery land. Turn over the plough in autumn to remove weeds, roots and stones. Soil preparation and fertilization should be carried out 1 months before sowing, and the soil preparation should be three plows and three harrows, with a depth of more than 31cm, and the soil should be fine and flat. Combined with soil preparation, 1.51 kg of crushed cake fertilizer or 1,111 ~ 1,211 kg of manure+5kg of Barneda Bika bacterial fertilizer were applied every 667m2. The seedbed is 1.1m wide, 8-11cm long, about 15cm high, and the drain is 31cm wide. ?

the sowing time is generally in the middle and late March. Before sowing, soak the seeds in clear water for 2~3h, take them out and dry them, mix them evenly with fine sand twice as much as the seeds, and pile them indoors to accelerate germination. Check them regularly and keep them moist. When the seeds have 31% cracks, they can be sown. The method of drilling is adopted, the row spacing is 25cm, and the sowing amount is about 667m21.15kg per 667 m. When sowing, the seeds and fine sand are evenly mixed and scattered into the furrow, and the soil is covered to prevent the seeds from being seen, and the grass is covered after sowing to prevent bird damage and keep moisture. When 31%~41% of the seedlings are unearthed, the mulch should be uncovered in batches in the afternoon. ?

Afforestation

Broussonetia papyrifera afforestation is not limited by conditions and landforms, and can be planted in the ditch, pond, bank of reservoir, both sides of stream, in front of house and behind house. The planting density varies according to the purpose of afforestation. Generally, the planting density is 1.5m between plants, 2m between rows and about 211 plants per mu. For the purpose of building soil and water conservation forest and firewood forest, 331~661 plants per mu are suitable. After 2 years of planting, it should be cut off from the trunk at 31~51cm to promote the sprouting of branches, and it will enter the peak period of skin and leaf production in 3~5 years. ?

Building mixed forests

For example, the mixed forest of Broussonetia papyrifera and Sophora japonica can make full use of space and nutrient area, give full play to protection benefits, enhance the ability to resist natural disasters, improve site conditions, make full use of land resources and light resources to improve the quantity and quality of forest products, and maximize economic benefits.

tending management

The young Broussonetia papyrifera forest land is prone to miscellaneous irrigation, which affects the growth of trees. In order to make the forest stand tidy, grow healthily and improve the yield and quality of the forest, it is necessary to cut miscellaneous irrigation, which should be carried out 1~2 times a year. If necessary, intertillage weeding and fertilization can be carried out. In addition, for scattered and mature old trees, timely pruning and regeneration should be carried out to promote them to shoot branches, improve the yield per unit area, and at the same time, it is convenient to pick leaves and skins. ?