the impact of Qinghai high-speed railway construction on highway transportation

Abstract: With the continuous acceleration of urbanization, the construction focus of China's transportation infrastructure has shifted from highway to railway, and the railway has entered a period of rapid development. As a new mode of transportation, high-speed rail will bring profound changes to the whole transportation market structure, and make the two basic modes of transportation, highway and railway, undergo fundamental changes in competition. Facing the new market competition, the highway transportation industry should respond quickly, change its concept, adjust its development strategy and realize its own development. Qinghai, as an inland province in the west, coordinates the relationship between high-speed rail and highway. This paper analyzes the problems faced by highway transportation in Qinghai Province and the corresponding countermeasures. ?

Keywords: high-speed rail; Road transport; Impact analysis?

1. overview?

the first high-speed railway in Qinghai province was opened in February, 2114, with an operating mileage of 218km. As soon as the high-speed railway was opened, it had a great influence and impact on highway transportation, which made many highway transportation enterprises in a difficult situation. Although the high-speed rail is in its infancy, its prospects are very broad. Before the opening of high-speed rail, highway transportation took strong initiative as the first choice for passengers to travel, accounting for more than 96% of passenger traffic. Highway passenger transport has a high profit and has long occupied a favorable development advantage. However, with the operation of high-speed rail, the high-speed rail diverted a large part of medium-and long-distance passengers. Trunk lines, intercity and economically developed areas had a huge impact on road transportation, and road passenger flow began to decline. Since the operation of Lanzhou-Qingdao high-speed railway, as of July 2, 2115, more than 2 million passengers were transported throughout the year. The dominant position of highway transportation in Qinghai is gradually losing, but the high-speed rail, which accounts for 1.29% of the highway mileage, has increased the annual passenger volume of the railway by 4 percentage points. In 2115, the passenger volume of the railway increased by 53.9% year-on-year, which is a leap-forward development for the railway transportation industry in Qinghai. ?

2. reason analysis?

Why does the 218km high-speed rail have such a great impact on passenger transport in Qinghai? Let's analyze it.

1) the development of tourism in Qinghai?

In recent years, Qinghai has ushered in a period of rapid development of tourism. The operation of high-speed rail has made it more convenient for tourists from other provinces to enter and leave Qinghai, and the two have formed a good development model of mutual promotion. ?

2) competition is not dominant?

in the competition with high-speed rail, highway passenger transport is at a disadvantage in long-distance passenger transport and central intercity passenger transport because of its speed and comfort, so it has no competitive advantage. Road passenger transport is market-oriented, and the operating costs such as labor and fuel are rising. Coupled with vehicle depreciation and road construction costs, the road passenger transport industry has a heavy burden, the profit space is greatly compressed, and the operating costs are high. ?

3) The management concept of highway passenger transport industry is backward, and it is difficult to respond quickly. ?

the shortcomings of road passenger transport industry are "too many, too small, too scattered, too chaotic and too weak". On the one hand, the long-term lack of competitive market environment makes transportation enterprises and passenger stations have outdated business ideas and lack of competitive awareness; On the other hand, in recent years, the passenger transport group mainly adopts the contract system to monopolize, and talents, management and so on can not make a quick and accurate response. ?

4) The service consciousness of highway passenger transport industry is not strong, and it lacks core competitiveness. ?

After the economy reaches a certain level, people are pursuing not only the basic displacement function of traffic, but also additional functions such as comfort, rapidity and safety. Highway passenger transport lacks industry service consciousness and its service concept is very backward, but high-speed rail has done a good job in this respect, such as: introducing aviation service; Grading seats and implementing differentiated pricing; Build a self-service ticketing system, an online ticketing system, and improve ticket checking methods, so that different customers can have different choices. ?

3. Comparison between high-speed rail and highway transportation?

in short and medium-distance transportation, highway transportation is flexible, with wide coverage, and has the function of "door-to-door" direct transportation, which is suitable for branch nodes of road network, which is not available and weak for high-speed rail. Highway transportation should seize this main advantage, extend the tentacles of highway transportation to the branch lines and capillaries in the road network, optimize the service by means of highway passenger transport and public transport, and make the original advantageous areas better. In medium and long-distance transportation, affected by economies of scale, railway transportation has a more powerful advantage, especially high-speed rail is more accepted and favored by people in medium and long-distance transportation because of its low price, safety, comfort, high punctuality rate and little influence by climate and weather. However, in the branch lines that the high-speed rail can't reach, road transportation should look for blank spots to fill in the gaps to play the role of road transportation. Highways and railways should give full play to their respective advantages, and complement each other, seamlessly connect and cover all the routes such as short and medium distance, trunk lines and feeder lines, cities and villages, dense points and blank points, economically developed and underdeveloped areas. ?

4. what measures should be taken in highway passenger transport?

Facing the challenge of high-speed rail, the highway passenger transport enterprises in Qinghai should take the initiative to make adjustments and change the original development strategy. ?

1) Recognize the positioning and make active adjustment. ?

first of all, highway transportation should give full play to and tap its own advantages such as flexibility and direct access, so as to expand the market range beyond the reach of railways. Don't do useless work on the trunk line, stick to the short and medium positions. At the same time, we set our eyes on the vast rural areas. Divide the industry and be refined at the same time. ?

2) adapt to the new normal and integrate the industry. ?

The highway passenger transport industry should "change its thinking, recognize the reality, take the initiative to adjust and subdivide the industry". Facing the sweeping trend of high-speed rail, the highway passenger transport industry must gather strength, integrate industries and implement alliances. In order to survive and develop in the competition, it is necessary to integrate resources and make the highway transportation industry advance in the direction of specialization, intensification and scale. At the same time, it is necessary to adjust the allocation of transportation capacity and reduce the number of vehicles on the trunk line parallel to the high-speed rail line. ?

3) Connecting high-speed rail and node transportation. ?

highway passenger transport should do a good job in the "head" and "tail" of the railway, make up for the weak links of the high-speed rail, and actively connect the traffic treatment of passengers before boarding the high-speed rail and after getting off the high-speed rail. Give full play to the advantages of large coverage, door-to-door service and flexibility of highway passenger transport network, do short distance, do a fine midway, do long distance, mainly short distance, supplement medium and long distance, share social passenger transport, and create business advantages with highway passenger transport characteristics. On the one hand, it serves the high-speed rail and serves as an extension tool for the high-speed rail in the city; On the other hand, we should improve our competitiveness, increase the number of passenger service outlets and expand the coverage of passenger stations. We should set up passenger stations according to the characteristics of passenger flow and carry out node transportation to improve the convenience of passengers. ?

4) optimize services and routes. ?

Highway passenger transport enterprises need to improve their service level, increase their competitiveness, and provide more value-added services while realizing the traditional displacement function. To attract more tourists with the best service and humanized management. At the same time, the road route is optimized to achieve the maximum benefit at limited cost. Reduce unnecessary expenditure, locate short and medium distance, and base on urban and rural areas. ?

5) Open up new profit points and lead the regional tourism traffic in Qinghai. ?

In p>2115, the number of domestic and foreign tourists in our province exceeded 21 million, which is nearly four times that of the permanent residents in Qinghai Province. It is both a challenge and an opportunity. Based on Qinghai's regional tourism advantages, vigorously develop tourism. Qinghai passenger transport enterprises should explore and develop tourist passenger transport business and car rental business, such as tourist special lines and tourist chartered cars, and explore diversified development to meet this opportunity. ?

5. conclusion?

high-speed rail is the objective need and product of China's rapid economic and social development, and it is also the concrete embodiment of people-oriented. There is a certain competition and substitution relationship between high-speed rail and highway transportation, but more importantly, it is a relationship of development, mutual promotion and complementary combination. To build an efficient comprehensive transportation system in China, it is necessary to cooperate with high-speed rail transportation and highway transportation. In the face of the needs of the Internet age, the two should go hand in hand and complement each other. Facing the construction of urban traffic integration, it is necessary to have the high-speed efficiency of high-speed rail and the road coordination with close connection and good collection and distribution organization. ?