Ye Jun
Introduction to Longxian
In the history of Taihe's 2211-year-old city, the most legendary thing is Longxian.
the dragon first appeared in Taihe, which was in the southern and northern dynasties. In June of the second year of Liang Dabao (551), Chen Baxian, the civil history of Yuzhang (later the founding emperor of the Chen Dynasty), set out from Nankang for the northern expedition to Hou Jing, and when he arrived in Xichang County (known as Taihe in ancient times), a "dragon" blocked the place where the army went.
according to the book of Chen, this dragon is "five feet tall and colorful", and tens of thousands of soldiers under Chen Baxian and people in Xichang county have witnessed this vision. In "Southern History", Chen Baxian called people to get a Hu bed and sat in the Jiangge. Suddenly, the attic corridor was brightly lit, and Zhao Zhili, the Ministry, saw this situation next to him. He hurriedly asked what Chen Fa had given birth to, but Chen just laughed. Soon, the "dragon" was ashamed and drowned in the river.
four hundred years later, it was another split era. during the baonian period of the southern Tang dynasty in the five dynasties (943 957), Taihe people once again witnessed the "dragon". This "dragon" was captured by a young monk, tied with the belt of a monk's garment in the Gaoweitan of Ganjiang River, and finally turned into several sandbars, the largest of which was named "Longzhou". Taihe, a young monk, was named "Dingguang Monk" in his old records, but in Fujian, he has a more resounding name, called "Dingguang Ancient Buddha".
This article is about Longzhou and later Chengjiang.
The distance between a monk and a Buddha is no less than the distance from the Tang Dynasty in the east of Tang Sanzang to the paradise in the west.
ding guang, a monk from the five dynasties to the early northern song dynasty, was born in Tongan, Quanzhou, Fujian province. At the age of 11, he became a monk. At the age of 17, he came to Jiangxi to join the master of Feng Yuanjing in Qingyuan, Luling. In Qingyuan Mountain, you will have an epiphany. After Taihe and Meixian, he arrived at Nanyan in Wuping to preach. Legend has it that python and tiger all fell down when they saw it. The villagers are gods, and they strive to build temples. Jingdezhen lived in Pangu Mountain in Nankang for several years. Zhao Suiliang, the county magistrate, heard of it. Please enter Ting County and build an nunnery for him behind the state government so that we can talk with each other. Sui Liang was well-known in the DPRK, and he was given the plaque "Nan 'an Junqingyuan". Song Zhenzong held an imperial banquet in Bianjing (Kaifeng, Henan) to serve monks, and Dingguang was invited to dinner. In the eighth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1115), on the sixth day of the first month, he sat in the light, aged 82. Monks accepted their relics as truth (physical relics), and disciples collected 117 relics.
according to Lin ting zhi in the southern song dynasty, the miracle of fixing light began in Taihe. After gaining enlightenment in Qingyuan, Dingguang left his old school after living for five years and went to Taihe Ziyao Mountain to practice. When I passed Huairendu, the south gate of Taihe County, the river was soaring, and people said that there was a dragon rebellion in the river. Dingguang read the Buddha's melody and threw it into the river pool. When the dragon rises, it will untie the belt of the robe and tie it. The dragon's body will be turned into several sandbars, which are called Longzhou, Jinyuzhou and Zan Bizhou in turn from west to east. When the dragon was finished, I fixed my eyes and looked at the geography of Taihe county, and wrote two prophecies, which were called "Longzhou prophecies" in history.
Zhou Bida's "Notes on Longzhou Academy in Taihe County" in the Southern Song Dynasty reads: "Xichang is next to the Ganjiang River, and Chen Mao entered the aid beam room first, and the garrison was the inspiration of Yue Long ... According to the legend of the father and the old, the continent crossed the court and won the prize." The geography general record of the Southern Song Dynasty "Ji Sheng Yu Di" records: "Longzhou, in the south of Taihe County, has a prophetic cloud: before Longzhou crossed the county, Taihe came out as the champion." The Qing Dynasty's "Jiang You Shi Zheng" and the Qing Guangxu's "Taihe County Annals" said: One of Longzhou's prophecies: before Longzhou crossed the county, Taihe came out first. Longzhou receives goldfish, and Taihe shows Confucianism. Longzhou took over, Emperor Taihe Zuo; Second: Longzhou is the champion of the county, and Yuba is the prime minister. The wild goose pagoda was robbed by fire, and the bells on the high plaque rang out.
prophecies are "ancient superstitious people refer to prophecies and omens that will be fulfilled". The same content of the above-mentioned versions of Longzhou prophecy is that before Longzhou's area was expanded to county governance, Taihe would produce various figures such as champion and Zaifu.
before the death of Dingguang, the belief in Dingguang had risen in southern Fujian, southern Jiangxi and northeastern Guangdong. After the death of Dingguang, Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian wrote poems in succession, and officials in the Northern Song Dynasty even called it "the reincarnation of Dingguang Buddha (burning Buddha)". Taihe historians with simple materialism are too lazy to pay attention to these things, and they don't believe that "dragon" can be transformed into Longzhou's nonsense. In the Thirty Immortals of Taihe County Records of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, it is recorded that monks set their sights and are Tongan people. When crossing the city of Huairen, the water surged, and people said, "There is a flood in Gaofen Lake, which is harmful to the people." When the teacher was in the pool, the water retreated from the continent, and today Longzhou is also. In addition, the Temple View, Volume 31 of the Records of Taihe County in Guangxu, Qing Dynasty, contains: Huai Ren 'an, which was handed down from the world as a dumpling, had a monk set the light on it, untied the tapestry and tied it to the pond. Before and after the same volume, one said that Hong and the other called Jiao all avoided the word "dragon".
Taihe County is located in the bend of Ganjiang River, and it is a natural law that Jiang Xinzhou is formed by sediment deposition. And with the passage of time, the area of these Jiang Xinzhou will become larger and larger. Take Longzhou as an example, in its heyday, Bayi Road in the east, Yaojia in the west, Guangming Road in the north and Binjiang Avenue in the south. When it arrived at Bayi Road in the east, just as the county was in the south, this was "Longzhou crossing the county", and its time was roughly in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty.
At the beginning of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, one year when the weather was favorable, an old man from Longzhou, Yao, who overcharged three or five buckets, wanted to eat well and not forget Emperor Yongle, so he went to Beijing with Taihe local products on his back. Yongle Seer took hold of his nephew's country, happily accepted the penny potatoes and sweet potatoes brought by the old man Yao, and returned the gold and silver. Yang Shiqi, a citizen of the city, also hosted a banquet for Yao's old man at home. Yao talked about Longzhou's upcoming "crossing the county", Taihe would be the top scholar, and Yang's adult would definitely become prime minister in the future. Yang Shiqi didn't think so. We didn't get a prime minister in the Ming Dynasty, but when we left, we were invited to write a poem to the old man: "Outside Nanping Bridge, there is a clear river, and we have a happy life in ploughing. It is also said that Longzhou will cross the county and send a poem about township affairs. " Please ask the old man to warn his hometown people not to believe in prophecies, or to study harder if they want to be a top official.
In March of the 13th year of Yongle (1415), Yang Shiqi, who stayed in Nanjing to assist the Prince, received the official document of Beijing, and Chen Xun, the east of Taihe City, won the top prize in Beijing High School. Yang Shiqi remembered the words of Yao's old man, and he could not help but be possessed by himself. He also wrote a poem of prophecy: "Longzhou visited the county for a thousand years, and Huang Jiachu won the first place. Since then, he has topped the list, and Dongcheng has celebrated the West City."
Unexpectedly, Yang Shiqi also has a "semi-immortal" trait. Six years later, Zeng Heling, the West Gate of Taihe, was the top student in high school, which coincided with the "East City welcomes the joy over West City". Three years later, Yang Shiqi became the cabinet minister. Later, with the emperor's increasing reliance on the cabinet, the cabinet ministers became more and more powerful. Although there was no name of prime minister, there were real prime ministers (Taihe * * * produced four cabinet ministers in the Ming Dynasty, including two records). It is amazing that Longzhou prophecy has come true one by one.
In the 14th year of Ming Chenghua (1478), Luo Jing, the top scholar of Zengyan High School in Taihe Shacun, imperial academy, admired Longzhou's admiration and wrote a couplet: "Ten tigers are the best in the world, and three Ying Long States are in front of the county."
chengjiang, literary allusions of China. In the Western Jin Dynasty (265-317), the word "Chengjiang" appeared for the first time in Zuo Si's Eight Poems of Ode to Histories, saying, "Zuo Yi became a Jiang Xiang, and you decided to be a Qiang Hu." During the Southern Qi Dynasty (479-512), Xie Tiao, the satrap of Xuancheng, wrote a famous sentence in his poem "Returning to Wangjing Town after Climbing Three Mountains Late", which was recited throughout the ages. In the following 511 years, countless poets used the word "Chengjiang" in their poems, and there was no one who surpassed it until Huang Tingjian boarded the pavilion.
in 874, the first year of Tang Ganfu, just downstream of Longxian, a certain monk (formerly known as this) built a temple called Fuxing Temple. There is a cishi Pavilion in Fuxing Temple, which is dedicated to the Maitreya Buddha in western cishi (the county people misrepresented it as Guanyin). In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, this pavilion was renamed "Kuaige" by Dr. Shen Zun, a doctor of Taichang.
If there is no accident, the Express Pavilion should disappear into the long river of history like the Jiangge Pavilion where Chen Baxian sat. However, during the Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty, the writer Huang Tingjian became the magistrate of Taihe County, and in the winter of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1182), his song "Deng Kuaige" changed the fate of Kuaige.
a fool ignores public affairs, and the things in the quick cabinet lean on yat sen villa. Qian Shan has a vast sky, and Chengjiang has a clear moon. Zhu xian has been a beauty, and the young eyes are chatting because of the wine. Wan Li returned to the ship to play the flute, which is why we are allied with Bai Ou.
In this poem, seven words are used, such as "Late Eyes" (Xie Tiao's Poem), "Broad Sky" (Du Fu's Poem), "Chengjiang" (Xie Tiao's Poem), "Clear Moon" (Xie Tiao's Poem), "Zhu Xian" (Lv's Spring and Autumn Annals), "Qing Yan" (Jin Shu) and "Bai Ou League". Among them, "Chengjiang" is the most easily overlooked place.
Many people say that Chengjiang is another name for Taihe section of Ganjiang River, which is all wet.
Looking through all the existing geographical records and local chronicles from Song Dynasty to Ming Dynasty, there is no river named Chengjiang in Taihe and even Ji 'an Prefecture, and there is no record of Ganjiang being renamed Chengjiang. Zhou Bida's "Longzhou Academy in Taihe County" begins with "Xichang faces the Ganjiang River"; The Records of Taihe County in the early Ming Dynasty, which was stored in the Yongle Dadian in the Ming Dynasty, also said: "(Taihe) County, with a height of one foot and two feet and a thickness of eight feet, is five miles back in the week and faces the Ganjiang River in the south." Obviously, under the Taihe city is the Ganjiang River.
from the Ming dynasty to the early Qing dynasty, as Longzhou, Jinyuzhou, Jiye and other continents were connected one after another, the Ganjiang county section essentially formed two waterways, the wider waterway in the south was regarded as the main stream of the Ganjiang River, and the narrower waterway in the north was regarded as the tributary of the Ganjiang River. It was not until the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty that Gu Zuyu called the Taihe section of the Ganjiang River Chengjiang for the first time in the Summary of Reading Historical Records: "(The Taihe section of the Ganjiang River) has a clear water flow, so the county has the name of Chengjiang. There is a continent in the river, called Longzhou, which governs the south in the county. " Qing Qianlong's "Taihe County Records" adopted this formulation: "(Taihe section of Ganjiang River) once said (also known as Chengjiang), the beach of Ganhe River was steep and dangerous, and the clearer the water passed through Taihe, it was named." Qing Daoguang's "Taihe County Records" even used "Chengjiang" as an alias for Ganjiang and marked it on the map.
here comes the problem. Since the north and south waterways have become trunk tributaries, the tributaries should also have a name. It is a waste of resources for the cultural symbol Chengjiang to be used as the alias of Ganjiang River. Therefore, during the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, the Taihe County Records was rebuilt and amended: "Chengjiang is a tributary of Ganshui. Through the south of the city and around the east of the city, the so-called Longzhou crosses the county. It is also clear with water, hence the name Chengjiang. " Since then, the name Chengjiang has been officially given to Chengjiang River today, and Chengjiang has changed from a literary Chengjiang to a specific geographical entity name, which is still in use today.
During the Republic of China, the upper reaches of the Chengjiang River were cut off, becoming old roads, and Longzhou, Goldfish and Yazhou were connected with the land on the north side. This change probably exceeded the "calculus" of Dingguang monk.
It is not difficult to see from the above documents that Chengjiang before the Qing Dynasty was only a literary Chengjiang; In the early Qing Dynasty, Chengjiang was another name for Taihe section of Ganjiang River. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Chengjiang finally officially became the name of geographical entity, especially today's Chengjiang River.
in 2116, the renovation project of Chengjiang River was started, and the old Chengjiang Road, which had been cut off for nearly a hundred years, was once again full of vitality, and the legendary story about Longzhou and Chengjiang started a new chapter.
(Thanks to Mr. Ye Jun for his contribution)