Fire protection design standard
Shanghai Municipal Commission of Construction and Communications
Documents of Shanghai Municipal Construction and Transportation Committee
Shanghai Diplomatic Relations [2007] No.438
Shanghai Municipal Commission of Construction and Communications
About agreeing to use the temporary buildings of the World Expo,
Notice of fire protection standard for building design
All relevant units:
The Code for Fire Protection Design of Temporary Buildings and Structures of Expo 20 10, compiled by Shanghai Fire Bureau and other units, was approved for use in the construction of temporary buildings and structures in the Expo site after technical examination and audit by our Committee.
If you have any comments during use, please feedback to our Committee in time.
Shanghai Municipal Commission of Construction and Communications
July 9(th), 2007
order
This standard is compiled by Shanghai Fire Bureau in conjunction with relevant units according to the requirements of documentNo. Hujiao [2007] 184 of Shanghai Municipal Construction and Transportation Commission.
This standard is limited to the scope of the Expo Park construction project, and is used to guide the fire protection design of temporary buildings and structures in the Expo Park project. This standard is compiled according to the characteristics that the service life of temporary buildings and structures in the World Expo is limited to one year and there are various architectural forms. According to the current national, industrial and local construction standards and norms, and in line with the principles of resource conservation, environmental friendliness and sustainable development, factors such as reusable materials, simplified construction and accelerated construction progress should be considered.
This standard is divided into six chapters, namely: building fire prevention; Architectural structure; Fire water supply and fire extinguishing facilities; Electrical; Smoke prevention, ventilation and air conditioning; Interior decoration.
All units are requested to sum up experience and accumulate data during the implementation of this code, and send relevant opinions and suggestions to the Construction Audit Office of Shanghai Fire Bureau at any time (address: No.229 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, postcode: 20005 1).
Editor: Shanghai Fire Bureau
Participating unit: East China Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd.
Tongji university architecture design research institute
Main Drafter: Shen Youdi (hereinafter arranged by surname strokes)
Feng Xudong Yang Hualiang
Lin Xia Tao Pan
Shanghai building materials industry market management station
July 2007
order
1 General (2)
2 semesters (3)
3 Building Fire Prevention (6)
3. 1 Fire rating, number of floors and construction area of temporary buildings (6)
3.2 Fire distance (10)
3.3 Safe evacuation (1 1)
3.4 fire lane (14)
4 Building structure (16)
4. 1 firewall (16)
4.2 Building Components and Pipe Wells (16)
4.3 Roof, stuffy roof and building gap (17)
4.4 Stairwells, Stairs and Doors (18)
4.5 Fire doors and fire shutters (19)
5 Fire water supply and fire extinguishing facilities (2 1)
5. 1 General Conditions (2 1)
5.2 Setting of fire hydrant system (2 1)
5.3 Automatic sprinkler system settings (22)
5.4 Fire Water Supply and System (23)
5.5 Configuration of Fire Extinguishers (29)
6 Electrical (32)
6. 1 fire power supply and its distribution (32)
6.2 Power lines and electrical equipment (32)
6.3 Fire Emergency Lighting and Fire Evacuation Indicating Signs (33)
6.4 Automatic fire alarm system and fire control room (34)
7 Smoke prevention, smoke exhaust, ventilation and air conditioning (39)
7. 1 General Conditions (39)
7.2 Requirements for Natural Ventilation Mode (40)
7.3 Requirements for Mechanical Smoke Exhaust Mode (40)
7.4 System Design Calculation (42)
7.5 Ventilation and air conditioning (45)
8 Interior Decoration (48)
8. 1 General Conditions (48)
8.2 Building interior decoration (49)
General rules for 1
1.0. 1 This standard is formulated to prevent and reduce the fire hazards of the temporary buildings and structures of the World Expo (hereinafter referred to as "temporary buildings") and ensure the personal and property safety.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to temporary buildings newly built, rebuilt or expanded in the Expo Park with a service life of less than one year. The height of this kind of building is not more than 20m, the number of floors is not more than 4, and there is no basement.
1.0.3 If it is necessary to continue to use or change the use of temporary buildings after the World Expo, it shall be implemented in accordance with the national and municipal fire technical standards or norms.
1.0.4 Temporary buildings in the Expo Park to which these Regulations apply can be divided into six functional types:
1 pavilion: self-built pavilion, leased pavilion and joint pavilion;
Business and catering: souvenir shops, specialty stores, fast food restaurants, etc.
Cultural entertainment: performances, leisure facilities, playgrounds, etc.
Transportation facilities: elevated walkways, entrance facilities, parking lots, etc. ;
Management and operation: postal services, banking facilities, sanitary facilities, management rooms, etc. ;
Security: medical station, safety duty station, fire station, etc.
2 artistic language
Fire resistance rating 2.0. 1
Under the standard fire test conditions, the time from the fire of building components, fittings or structures to their loss of stability, integrity or thermal insulation is expressed in hours.
2.0.2 Non-combustible components
Building components made of nonflammable materials.
2.0.3 Refractory composition of refractory body
Building components made of incombustible materials or building components made of combustible materials with incombustible materials as protective layers.
2.0.4 Combustible components of combustion body
Building components made of combustible materials.
emergency exit
Stairwells for safe evacuation of people, entrances and exits of outdoor stairs or exits leading to outdoor safety areas.
Closed stairs
Stairwells separated by building components are used to prevent smoke and hot air from entering.
Fire zone fire zone
Fireproof separation facilities such as firewall and fire-resistant floor are used to separate the interior of a building, which can prevent the fire from spreading to the rest of the same building for a certain period of time.
2.0.8 fire spacing
The interval distance to prevent the radiant heat of burning buildings from igniting adjacent buildings in a certain period of time and facilitate fire extinguishing.
2.0.9 Smoke-proof rooms in smoke-proof areas
Use the roof or ceiling inside the building and the components with smoke blocking function under the ceiling to form a space with certain smoke storage capacity.
2.0. 10 high pressure fire water supply system
The water pressure and flow of the most unfavorable point in the fire water supply network can meet the needs of fire fighting at ordinary times, and there is no fire water supply system with fire water pump and fire pump in the system.
2.0. 1 1 Stabilize the high pressure of fire water supply system.
In the fire water supply network, the water pressure at the most unfavorable point in the system is usually maintained by pressure stabilizing facilities to meet the fire fighting needs, and a fire water supply system with fire pumps is installed in the system. When putting out the fire, start the fire pump through the pressure linkage device, so that the water pressure and flow rate of the most unfavorable point in the pipe network can meet the fire-fighting requirements.
2.0. 12 temporary high pressure fire water supply system temporary high pressure.
The water pressure and flow rate of the most unfavorable point in the fire water supply network can't meet the fire fighting needs, so a fire water supply system with a fire pump is set in the system. Start the fire pump when extinguishing the fire, so that the water pressure and flow at the most unfavorable point in the pipe network can meet the requirements of extinguishing the fire.
2.0. 13 fire water surge tank
In the fire water supply system, the pneumatic water supply tank is used to ensure the water pressure of the system or provide initial water.
2.0. 14 pressure-stabilizing pump, fire-fighting pressure-stabilizing pump and pressure-supplementing pump.
In the fire water supply system, it is usually used to stabilize the water pressure at the most unfavorable point of the system.
2.0. 15 simple automatic sprinkler system, a local application system of automatic sprinkler.
The wet system, which is composed of rapid reaction nozzles, pipelines and water supply facilities with k coefficient of 80 or 1 15, is also called simple automatic sprinkler system.
2.0. 16 sprinkler system in large space.
It consists of three main parts: an infrared detection module, a large-flow nozzle and an electromagnetic valve group. It can actively detect the location of the fire, open the nozzle in the form of centrifugal force to spray, and form a circular nozzle.
2.0. 17 The fire extinguisher is distributed at the fire extinguisher.
Places where combustible gases, liquids, solids and other substances exist and need to be equipped with fire extinguishers.
2.0. 18 fire extinguisher calculation unit
Calculated area of fire extinguisher configuration.
2.0. 19 protection distance travel distance
Straight-line walking distance from the point where the fire extinguisher is set to the most unfavorable point where the fire extinguisher is arranged.
Fire rating fire rating
It shows the effectiveness of fire extinguishers in extinguishing different kinds of fires. It consists of numbers indicating fire extinguishing efficiency and letters of fire extinguishing type.
2. 1.3 exhaust system
A system that uses mechanical smoke exhaust or natural smoke exhaust to exhaust smoke to the outside of a building.
2. 1.5 mechanical smoke exhaust
The smoke exhaust fan is used to exhaust the smoke to the outside.
2. 1.6 Natural smoke exhaust
Smoke extraction by natural ventilation measures such as opening external windows or shutters.
2. 1.7 smoke exhaust window
It can effectively exhaust smoke and can be installed on the external wall and top of buildings, such as openable external windows or shutters. Openable external windows can be divided into automatic smoke exhaust windows and manual smoke exhaust windows.
2. 1.8 Manual smoke exhaust window
Smoke exhaust window that can be easily opened by people at the scene.
2. 1.9 automatic smoke exhaust window
Smoke exhaust window linked with automatic fire alarm system or remotely controlled.
2. 1. 10 smoke outlet
An air outlet or smoke exhaust window for smoke exhaust in a smoke storage bin.
2. 1. 12 smoke baffle
A valve installed on the pipeline of smoke exhaust system, which can act according to the fire signal and feed back the valve position signal in case of fire, so as to ensure effective smoke exhaust in the corresponding smoke prevention area.
2. 1. 13 smoke and fire damper
A valve installed in the pipeline of smoke exhaust system will automatically close when the gas temperature in the pipeline reaches 280℃ in case of fire, and it can meet the requirements of fire stability and fire integrity within a certain period of time, thus playing the role of smoke isolation and fire prevention.
3 building fire prevention
3. 1 Fire rating, number of floors and construction area of temporary buildings
3. 1. 1 The fire resistance rating of temporary buildings can be divided into Grade I, II, III and IV, but it should reach Grade I and II. The combustion performance and fire resistance limit of corresponding components in different grades of buildings shall not be lower than the provisions in Table 3. 1. 1.