The latest research results show that some seemingly insignificant details are determining children's grades: a good mother's attitude will make children's grades better; Children who often go to school on foot may have better academic performance; Physical exercise also helps to improve grades.
Research achievement 1: Mom has a good attitude and her children have good grades.
A study by the Center for Economic Performance of the London School of Economics and Political Science found that mothers who firmly believe that their fate is in their own hands rather than luck, their children scored significantly better in the general secondary education certificate exam after 16.
This conclusion gives children with low scores a new reason for poor grades-"Mom, it's all your fault". This conclusion is based on a long-term study of tens of thousands of young people.
This study traces the formation of a key personality trait "control point", that is, people's subjective understanding of the ability to influence their own lives.
Psychologists say that people can be classified according to the locus of control scale: extreme internal attribution thinks that they can completely control their own lives, and extreme external attribution thinks that life depends entirely on fate, and most people are between these two extremes.
Research shows that people with strong internal control points tend to invest more in education and live a healthier lifestyle.
France Sika Cornaglia, a scholar who participated in this study, said that this study clearly shows that the mother's personality will have a great influence: "Under the condition of keeping other factors unchanged, including family background, mother's education level and children's own locus of control, the study found that children born to mothers in the top 25% of the internal locus of control scale often have higher total scores than those born to mothers in the bottom 25%, about/kl.
Research result 2: Physical exercise helps to improve academic performance.
According to the research results published on the website of British Journal of Sports Medicine, the more children like sports, the better their performance in school. Moreover, "girls' scientific achievements seem to benefit the most. "
People have long speculated that physical exercise can improve brain power, but there has been no scientific evidence before.
In this study, researchers from England, Scotland and the United States measured the physical exercise intensity of about 5000 children aged 65,438+065,438+0, who wore accelerometers for a week to measure the amount of exercise.
These children were tested in English, mathematics and science at the age of 1 1, 13 and 16 respectively. 1 1 years old, children who do more physical exercise have better grades in three stages and three subjects.
The results show that 1 1 year-old boys can improve their grades by exercising for 17 minutes every day, while 16-year-old girls need to exercise for 12 minutes every day.
The improvement of girls' grades in science classes is particularly remarkable.
The author of this paper said: "This is an important discovery, especially considering that the current policies of the UK and the European Commission are aimed at increasing the number of women in science."
Worryingly, according to the researchers' observation, at the age of 1 1, boys have an average of 29 minutes of moderate and high-intensity exercise every day, while girls have about 18 minutes, which is far below the optimal exercise time of 60 minutes.
The researchers said that further research is needed to analyze how physical exercise can improve performance.
Research result 3: Walking to school helps teenagers improve their academic performance.
Walking is not only an ideal exercise, but also helpful for brain development.
The latest Spanish research shows that teenagers in walking to school will have better cognitive ability and performance than their classmates who go to school by car or bus, especially young girls who walk for more than 15 minutes.
Walking to school has many advantages, except that it can make students learn better in the morning, cultivate feelings with their parents or classmates in the process, and make school a beautiful memory.
In addition, it can increase the awareness of community participation, even help to cultivate independence, while reducing traffic jams, thus improving air quality.
Coincidentally, the Spanish National Research Council of the University of Granada, the Autonomous University of Madrid, university of zaragoza and Madrid analyzed the data of male and female students aged 13 to 18 in five cities in the country, and found that the cognitive ability of young boys and girls walking to school is better than that of their classmates who go to school by car or bus. If they walk for 65,438+05 minutes or more,
Research shows that this means that the longer you walk, the more helpful it is to your cognitive ability. The results were published in the Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine.
Researchers say that the plasticity of the brain is the strongest in adolescence, which is the best time to stimulate its cognitive function, especially for girls; However, eves, a British psychologist, is quite unconvinced, believing that this is not a single factor to achieve better results.
In fact, the Spanish National Research Council had previously studied 65,438+0,700 school-age girls in urban areas. The results show that students who walk or ride bicycles score higher in mathematics and oral English than other female students, and the longer they walk, the better their grades will be.
Research result 4: Children's academic performance mainly depends on genes.
A British study shows that 60% of the determinants of GCSE performance may be related to genetic intelligence.
The research made by Professor Robert Plomin from the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College London also shows that the quality of teaching in the school only accounts for 1/3 of the factors that affect the examination results.
This study conducted a long-term follow-up survey of 1 1000 twins born in England and Wales in the mid-1990s. The results show that genes are a major determinant of children's academic performance during their growth.
Professor Plomin has been invited by the British Ministry of Education to explain the research results to senior officials of the Ministry of Education.
Professor Plomin said in an interview with the media that the education department was eager to refute the influence of genes on academics, for fear of being called "labeling students". But in fact, his research results have played an important role, such as teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, rather than across the board.
Professor Plomin said that some form of genetic scanning may eventually enable schools to identify students' specific learning weaknesses at an early stage.
Research result 5: Children who start school late have better academic performance.
Research shows that, as a result, students in schools with late classes get higher scores in math and reading.
Biological research shows that people tend to go to bed early and get up early in childhood; However, when people enter adolescence, the circadian rhythm will change, causing teenagers to sleep later and get up later.
This change is caused by the change of melatonin in the brain. This process started at the age of 13, increased obviously at the age of 15 to 16, and reached its peak at the age of 17 to 19.
So will this phenomenon affect the learning effect? According to a paper published in February this year by Keira Wallstrom, director of the Center for Applied Research and Education Improvement at the University of Minnesota, the answer is yes.
She followed more than 9,000 students in eight public high schools in Minnesota, Colorado and Wyoming.
The results show that if the class time is adjusted to 8:35 am or later, after one semester, students' scores in mathematics, English, science and sociology will generally improve 1/4, such as the middle position between B and B+.
Two other unpublished research papers reviewed by Val Sterlon reached a similar conclusion.
A control experiment conducted in the United States Air Force Academy also verified this conclusion, because different groups of students started classes at different times in the first year of college.
In addition, a study of 20 12 shows that schools in different parts of North Carolina have different school hours due to traffic problems, so students in schools with late school hours get higher scores in math and reading.
Other studies have shown that delaying class hours can improve attendance and reduce the incidence of depression and traffic accidents among teenagers. These are all because evening classes can make teenagers get more sleep.
A number of studies show that compared with the school that changed the class time from 7: 15 to 7:45 in the morning, the school that changed the class time from 7:30 to 8:00 has greatly improved the students' academic performance.
Studies in Brazil, Italy and Israel have reached similar conclusions. The key to these benefits is that teenagers can get at least 8 hours of adequate sleep, and it is better if they can reach 9 hours.
By contrast, in Europe, few middle schools learn to start classes before 9 am.
Those who don't support the postponement of class time were once worried that it would affect students' normal work and rest.
However, the results show that students are not affected by the change of class time when they are engaged in extracurricular activities or part-time jobs.
Val Stern said: "Once the school is postponed to class time, students never want to get up early again."
The research results even provide a better solution to the school bus shuttle problem. Many schools take middle school students to school first, then primary school students, and changing this order can delay the school time of high school students.
This will not only benefit them, but also their younger brothers and sisters-research shows that children are more awake in the morning and are more willing to study.
Article source: Blue Oak/New Parents
WeChat official account Juanzi mother tells stories.