The significance and impact of Beijing's successful bid for the Olympic Games is enormous, far-reaching and multifaceted. On the one hand, it will attract the world's strong attention to the host site for a long time, and greatly enhance the international image and popularity of China and Beijing; on the other hand, it will play a huge role in promoting China's economic development. Successful bidding for the Olympic Games also has far-reaching significance in enhancing the image of China's tourism and the level of its tourism industry, and further promoting the development of China's sports tourism industry.
I. Development status of China's sports tourism industry
1. Good material foundation and external environment
China has been a country of etiquette since ancient times, with a wonderful tradition of hospitality. It has always attached importance to international sports exchanges. Has repeatedly used the opportunity to participate in large-scale games to carry out international sports exchanges, and many countries in the world have friendly exchanges. With the increasing level of sports, China has also organized many high-level games and large-scale competitions one after another, increasing its experience in organizing competitions and in reception, management and operation. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of national economic strength and comprehensive national power, the stable political situation, strong national security guarantee, good competition environment and humanistic spirit, promote the international recognition of China.
2. The benign development of sports tourism
From the 1990s, China has developed many sports tourism resources and products according to local conditions, the more famous ones are Tibetan Plateau Mountaineering, Yellow River Rafting, Skiing in Northeastern China, Dragon Boat Racing in Hubei Province, Shaolin Wushu, and Naadamu General Assembly in Inner Mongolia, etc. According to the characteristics of sports tourism in China, the national government has developed a series of sports tourism activities in China. According to the characteristics of China's sports tourism, the National Tourism Administration issued the "2001 China Sports Tourism and Fitness Activity Program", which encompasses most of the typical and representative sports tourism projects in China, and according to the classification method of the "Program" which divides sports tourism into special tourism routes and sports tourism festivals, the geographical distribution of China's sports tourism products is characterized as follows: in terms of special tourism routes, the In terms of specialized tourism routes, the western region occupies an absolute advantage, with 43 items occupying more than 50% of the total 82 routes; the eastern and central regions lag far behind the western region with 25.6% and 22%. In terms of the development of sports tourism festivals and activities, the eastern region is clearly in the lead, with 30 large-scale festivals and activities in 2001***, accounting for 46.9% of the total of 64 activities; the western region is 31.3%; and the central region is ranked No. 3 with 21.9%. In terms of the overall number of these two categories, the western part of China has the widest distribution of sports tourism products, ranking first with 63 products, accounting for 43.2% of the national total; followed by the eastern part of the country with 51 products, accounting for 34.9% of the national total; and the central part of the country with only 32 products, accounting for only 21.9% of the national total. In short, China's sports tourism products in the geographical distribution has formed a wide distribution, east, central and western regions are distributed; the eastern region to the festival sports tourism products, the western region to the special line of sports tourism products is the main pattern.
3. Transformation of public lifestyle
With the improvement of people's living standards and the promotion of national fitness activities, active participation in sports as a symbol of the "active lifestyle" (active lifestyle) has become the mainstream of life, and influences people's choice of travel. Sports as a representative of the "active lifestyle" was initially popular among young people, but the current trend is to promote it to a much wider age group, and it is also transcending gender boundaries, with more and more women enjoying the fun of sports. People are not only seeking physical fitness in sports, but also mutual understanding and communication between people. This trend drives people to choose sports when traveling. According to statistics, one out of every four travelers seeks to participate in sports activities when traveling. More and more tourist resorts have noticed this change and started to build a variety of sports facilities, such as golf courses, ski resorts, tennis courts, water sports grounds, etc., to carry out a variety of special sports tourism projects to attract sports tourists.
II. Resource Advantages of Beijing and Qingdao in Developing Sports Tourism
Beijing has a large number of sports resources. A large number of sports venues have been built in Beijing's Asian Games Village, such as the Workers' Stadium, which was once used as the main venue of the Asian Games and can host large-scale international events. According to the planning of the Beijing Olympic Committee, of the 37 large-scale competition venues to be used during the Olympic Games, 32 are in Beijing, and 13 are available today. In terms of sports talents, Beijing has a number of professional sports colleges and universities, including the Beijing Sports University, as well as sports faculties and departments in comprehensive universities. Moreover, the State General Administration of Sports, the highest administrative organ of sports in China, is also located in Beijing, which makes Beijing have a large number of sports technology and answerable talents. In terms of sports equipment and supplies, although the production bases of sportswear in China are in Shanghai, Qingdao and Tianjin, they are not far away from Beijing and easily accessible. The beautiful natural scenery and long cultural history of the suburbs of Beijing at the beginning of the successful bid for the Olympic Games has become the people's desire people scenic spots.
Qingdao, Qingdao has long been an internationally recognized tourist city. Since obtaining the qualification of hosting the 2008 Olympic Games sailing competitions, Qingdao will take advantage of Qingdao's unique advantages in carrying out marine sports, located in the city center of Fushan Bay to build Asia's first-class integrated marine sports center, in order to play a role in pulling the sports tourism industry, in order to lay a solid foundation for the international city. 2008 Olympic Games held in Beijing, will rapidly increase the development of China's sports tourism in order to watch the games and participate in the development of the sports tourism process. The hosting of the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing will rapidly increase the development of sports tourism in China, which focuses on watching and participating in the games.
Three, the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games on the sports tourism industry
First of all, the Olympic Games for sports tourism provides an opportunity for development. Although China's sports tourism is still in its infancy, it is also developing rapidly at a rate of 30--40%. According to conservative estimates, in the seven years of preparation for the Olympic Games, tourists coming to Beijing will increase by 20% each year, and by the 2008 Olympic Games period, there will be an increase of more than 400,000 foreign tourists, together with Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan tourists, will probably exceed 600,000 people. The huge increase of foreign tourists not only expands the demand for sports tourism consumption, but also raises the awareness of sports participation among domestic tourists. The Olympic Games will bring huge opportunities to various fields at the same time, and the Olympic tourism industry is undoubtedly the main attraction in the Olympic economy. According to the statistics of Tourism Australia, due to the successful bid to host the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games, from 1994 to 2004, the number of overseas tourists visiting Australia increased by 1.32 million per year, and the number of local tourists increased by 17. 4 million, and the new increase in tourism business earned Australia 3 billion Australian dollars in foreign exchange. The economic effect of the Olympic Games on GDP is calculated by multiplier in terms of the type of income, in which the multiplier effect of investment income is 1. 8, organization income is 1. 2, and tourism income is 1. 5. Looking at the previous Olympic Games in the last two decades, we will find a pattern that the number of foreign tourists is 25 - 40 times the number of participants; from the number of participants expanding, the number of foreign tourists also grows by a larger margin, and by the time of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the prospects should be even broader.
Secondly, Olympic tourism has had a positive impact on related industries. According to the experience of Olympic host cities in the past two decades, the impact of the Olympics on the economy is generally a ten-year effect, that is, seven years before and three years after. Tourism is one of the industries that benefit the most. The benefits of related industries brought about by Olympic tourism are very obvious, with transportation, accommodation and catering being the biggest winners. 2008 Olympic Games will drive the tourism industry in China's capital to a new level. In terms of transportation, although the infrastructure construction of Beijing transportation is first-class in China, it is far from the international advanced level. As tourism moves forward and transportation opens the way, Beijing's transportation needs to undergo further construction to accommodate the development of Beijing's tourism industry. In terms of accommodation, the Olympic Games will also prompt a drastic change in Beijing. At present, there are 458 star-rated hotels plus apartments in Beijing, of which 181 are two-starred hotels and 45 are one-starred hotels, and it is expected that 800 starred hotels will be needed by 2008. The promotion of the catering industry by hosting the Olympics is also amazing. 1988 Seoul Olympics, the Olympic Village every day to bring in 266 types of food, weighing 437 tons, 3.5 million eggs alone, 53 tons of beef, high-quality vegetables and fruits in constant demand.
Once again, Olympic tourism will create more jobs. Tourism is to provide tourists with "line, travel, housing, food, shopping, entertainment" comprehensive consumption of labor-intensive service industry, industry correlation, driven by strong, has become the main channel to expand employment. According to international experience, every additional direct employment in the tourism industry will indirectly drive the employment of 5 people in related industries. The National Planning Commission and the National Tourism Administration initially determined that in the next ten years, the tourism industry should continue to maintain a moderately faster growth rate than the national economy, and constantly improve the quality of the industry and economic efficiency, an average annual increase of about 700,000 direct employment in tourism, indirect employment of about three hundred and fifty million people, and the tourism industry will be built into a large-scale industry in the national economy, the overall quality of the overall quality of the industry, economic efficiency, and accommodate more important industries of employment.
Finally, the international image effect of Olympic tourism. Olympic tourism will also have a positive effect on the image of the hosting place, which is not comparable to exhibitions, conferences, performances and other activities. Statistics show that: in the organizing country from organizing to organize the Olympic Games held during the hosting of all without exception become the focus of the world's attention. The huge focus effect makes the Olympic Games become a huge political, economic and cultural development of the host country, the best communication carrier. Held during the period, more than 10,000 journalists of great intensity, high-density interviews and reports, has become the world's largest publicity and reporting activities, its scale is unparalleled, the value is incalculable, the most natural way, the impact is extremely far-reaching. Data show that the 2000 Sydney Olympics made Australia's tourism image brand (Australia Brand) benefits 10 years ahead of schedule, greatly enhancing the world's enthusiasm and expectations of Australian tourism, Australia's inbound tourism market has had a far-reaching impact.
Four recommendations
Strengthening the awareness of Olympic business opportunity planning of tourism enterprises. Planning economy is a prominent feature of the Olympic economy. Only with proper planning can we seize the Olympic business opportunities and achieve more direct benefits in the development of the Olympic economy. Establish a sense of opportunity, focus on building and enhancing the image brand of each tourist destination. Maximize the opportunities for the tourism industry to strive for success. The tourism industry should seize the opportunity to strike early and pre-emptively, and quickly establish the image brand of Olympic tourism in various places to occupy a significantly favorable position in the future competition in the tourism market, and to expand and strengthen the two major international and domestic markets. Accelerate the cultivation of high-quality foreign-related tourism talents. The development of inbound tourism, the prominent contradiction is the serious shortage of foreign-related tourism talents. It is suggested that in the training of tourism professionals in colleges and universities and secondary schools across the country, the e-commerce on Olympic tourism should be strengthened prominently. Information and multilingual translation as well as tour guides, leaders of the careful cultivation of talents for China's Olympic tourism and the rapid development of international tourism in the new century to store, gather a number of high-quality various types of foreign-related tourism talents.
Author: Yan Xinhong Shijiazhuang College of Economics, Department of Physical Education
Xu Xiaohui Shijiazhuang College of Economics, School of Information Engineering