Greenhouse cultivation of flowers is the result of people to meet the growing demand for flower consumption, so that more people in different seasons to get a variety of flowers. Greenhouse cultivation of flowers you know how much? The following is an introduction to the cultivation of greenhouse flowers.
A, the importance of greenhouse in flower production
The importance of greenhouse on flower production has long been known to cultivators, the use of greenhouse cultivation of flowers, not only can effectively control the temperature, light, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and other environmental factors, the production of high-quality flower products, but also break the seasonal limitations of the growth of flowers. Achieve annual production and supply of flowers. In addition, for those flowers that are not suitable for local cultivation, greenhouse facilities can also be utilized to create suitable environmental conditions for introduction and cultivation. The use of modern greenhouses with a variety of environmental control equipment can maintain a good microclimate inside the greenhouse, so that flowers grow well and have a high quality. Israel is because of its advanced greenhouse facilities and spray, drip irrigation technology, so that the export of flower products have a high market competitiveness.
Nowadays, greenhouse facilities in the human economic life in the role and status is more and more obvious, to the Colombian roses, for example, due to more than two months each year in the winter time the atmospheric temperature is too low, and occasional too high temperature in the summer time. This often results in a shortfall in the production of roses during these two periods of the year. Although it has more than 20 years of experience in cultivation, due to the unstable quality and yield of roses, the market in this season has gradually been seized by Ecuador, so Colombia has to pay attention to the development of facilities for cultivation, and constantly research and develop new types of greenhouses and ancillary facilities. Then take the international potted flowers as an example, whether it is the cold climate of North America, Canada, the United States or the Nordic countries, Denmark, Norway, or the warm climate of Central and South America, Colombia, Mexico, as well as the African countries, Kenya, Zimbabwe, and even Southeast Asia, Japan, South Korea and so on, in order to obtain a higher economic benefits, are widely used in the greenhouse facilities for the production of commercial flowers.
It can be said that the development of the flower industry, the greenhouse has become a prerequisite, without advanced greenhouse facilities it is difficult to produce high-quality potted flowers.
II. Flower greenhouse greenhouse air source heat pump heating requirements:
1, the heating system should have sufficient heating capacity, to be able to maintain the indoor temperature required under the outdoor design temperature, to ensure the normal growth of plants in the greenhouse;
2, is the one-time investment in the heating system and the daily operating costs to be economically reasonable, to ensure that the normal production can be profitable;
3, is the requirement of uniform temperature in the greenhouse, heat dissipation equipment, less shading, occupying a small space, equipment operation is safe and reliable.
Fourth, under normal conditions, the greenhouse greenhouse heat calculation factors
(1) through the roof, floor, walls, doors, windows and other enclosures conductive and radiant heat
(2) Heating through the doors, windows, enclosure gaps seepage into the air required to heat
(3) Heating into the greenhouse cold materials required to heat
(4) ) The heat consumed due to evaporation of water in the greenhouse
(5) Ventilation heat consumption
(6) The energy exchanged for physiological and biochemical transformation of the crop.
Three. Greenhouse flowers to pay attention to the four evils
1. Gas damage.
Clear and windless weather, should be timely ventilation, the harmful gases in the shed out. According to the Agricultural Taobao guide to the introduction of the shed indoor should be applied fully rotted organic fertilizers, and with the use of flowers Strong Ti Ling or flowers Strong Stem Ling + photosynthetic nutrient film fertilizer spray, to improve the absorption of a large amount of light fertilizer, light energy, light, light, compatible with the conventional fertilizers, nutrients supplied to the plants to grow and develop to the limit.
2. Wet damage.
In the long-term seal, rain and snow days, outside the greenhouse should open a good drainage ditch to reduce soil moisture. In addition, you can sprinkle some grass ash in the basin or on the ground, to play the role of heat absorption and warmth, moisture absorption and humidity reduction. At the same time, we should pay attention to the tautness of the trellis, to prevent the roof of the shed water leakage.
3. Frost damage.
The flowers are not cold-tolerant should be sprayed with a new high fat film to form a layer of polymer film insulation, the night should be covered with grass curtains or in the shed set on the shed; can also be dug in the center of the trellis every few meters of a reservoir, the use of the reservoir heat preservation.
4. disease.
Spraying plant cellular immunity sub before the onset of disease, to enhance plant resistance, can make the virus DNA break apoptosis. Powerful immune function, induced interferon and active intermediates, inhibit residual virus replication, and promote positive energy ecological growth of plants.