The setting of bankruptcy liquidation accounting subjects should be able to adapt to the current laws and regulations and meet the needs of accounting. Following the (Bankruptcy Law), the State Council issued the document Guofa (94) 1994, which stipulates that "when an enterprise goes bankrupt, the land use right legally obtained by the enterprise ... the proceeds from the transfer shall be used first for the resettlement of employees of the bankrupt enterprise, and the rest after the resettlement of employees of the bankrupt enterprise shall be included in the bankruptcy property distribution plan together with other bankrupt property." "Welfare facilities, such as staff housing, schools, kindergartens, hospitals, etc. The bankruptcy property of a bankrupt enterprise is not considered bankruptcy property in principle. " 1997 The Interim Provisions on Accounting Treatment of Trial Bankruptcy of State-owned Enterprises (hereinafter referred to as the Interim Provisions) formulated by the Ministry of Finance contains 23 accounting subjects, which cannot fully reflect and account for these matters. In practice, if the bankrupt property can't be realized for a while, the liquidation group has to borrow monetary funds to pay the liquidation expenses, which gives the liquidation group a difficult problem: if the "cash" account is debited and the "payable" account is credited when borrowing, the bankrupt property and the bankrupt debt will be false; When paying the liquidation expenses, if the account of "liquidation expenses" is debited and the account of "cash" is credited, it will result in the scarlet letter of cash, and the liquidation team will only not make accounts. Therefore, it is recommended that:

1. Add the subjects of "mortgaged assets" and "pledged debts" to reflect and account for the legal guarantee established six months before the date of bankruptcy declaration.

2 add "welfare facilities assets" and "welfare facilities funds" subjects, accounting and reflecting the priority disposal of employee welfare facilities assets and funds.

3. Add two subjects: "debtor's assets in liquidation period" and "debt payable in liquidation period".

4. Increase the accounting object in the enterprise, and the property right does not belong to the related subjects entrusted by the enterprise to sell the goods on a commission basis.

5. Increase the payable and unpaid liquidation expenses of relevant accounts.

6. Add the subject of "Payable Employee Resettlement Fee".

After adding the above-mentioned bankruptcy liquidation account, the original "land transfer income" account can be cancelled, because the land transfer income is no longer the owner's equity, either as the employee resettlement fee or as the bankruptcy property distribution. Therefore, the balance sheet should be adjusted accordingly.

Two. Bankruptcy liquidation audit

Bankruptcy liquidation audit is a supervision process of reconfirming bankruptcy liquidation accounting information according to law. Therefore, only the audit items declared bankrupt by the court and entered the liquidation procedure can be called bankruptcy liquidation audit. The duty of bankruptcy liquidation audit is to express opinions on the accounting information of bankruptcy liquidation, that is, to express opinions on the asset disposal and debt settlement of bankrupt enterprises according to law. If you hire a certified public accountant to participate in bankruptcy liquidation, you should distinguish between accounting responsibility and auditing responsibility, otherwise it will not meet the independent auditing standards.

In the bankruptcy liquidation audit, in addition to the routine financial audit and accounting statement audit, the following points are worth noting:

1. Review the financial revenue and expenditure of the enterprise six months before the bankruptcy declaration date, and see if there are any illegal acts such as concealment, private sharing, free transfer of assets, abnormal discount, etc. through the increase or decrease of physical assets and the handling of creditor's rights and debts.

2. Check whether the transfer of industry accounts to bankruptcy liquidation accounts conforms to the interim provisions and whether the amount is correct.

3. Whether the accounts receivable recovered during the liquidation period are accounted correctly, whether there is a basis for writing off bad debts, and whether there is a court ruling or a reply from the financial department.

4. Whether there are necessary procedures and approvals for the disposal of damaged inventory losses.

5. Whether the scrapping, inventory loss and loss of fixed assets have been approved.

6. Whether the accounting of asset appraisal appreciation (impairment) is correct.

7. Whether the accounting basis of mortgaged assets, welfare facilities assets, borrowed assets and recovered assets is sufficient and whether the accounting is correct.

8. Whether there is any difference between the time limit and quantity of bankruptcy claims declaration and the book, and whether the basis for liquidation adjustment is sufficient; Whether the overdue declaration is handled according to law.

9. Whether the accounting of primary bankruptcy debt is legal.

10. Whether the accounting of liquidation gains and losses is correct.

When the audit finds the above problems, it shall notify the liquidation group in writing to make rectification, and suggest that the client transfer the illegal acts to the relevant departments for handling. The audit report was issued after the liquidation group made accounting adjustments.

Bankruptcy liquidation audit report is a notarization of the bankruptcy property, the total amount of bankruptcy claims and the liquidation order identified by bankruptcy liquidation accounting, which provides evidence for creditors to discuss and pass the bankruptcy property distribution plan and also provides reference for the court to make a civil ruling. Therefore, there are only two types of audit reports: unqualified opinions and negative opinions. Reports with reservations and refusal to express opinions will not be accepted by all parties to the creditor's rights and debts, and audit reports with negative opinions are likely to interrupt the bankruptcy proceedings. Therefore, the problems found should be solved and adjusted before reporting, and it is not easy to issue negative opinions. In addition to the provisions of the Specific Standards for Independent Auditing No.7-Audit Report, the issuance of the audit report only needs to add an explanatory paragraph to emphasize the main data of liquidation.