(2) try to catch floating objects in the water, such as life jackets, lifebuoys, life-saving boards, wooden boards, foam boards, etc., and use their buoyancy to survive.
③ When "cramp" occurs in the water, keep calm, lengthen the "cramped" muscles and let them stretch and relax.
(4) When you can't swim, you should immediately hold your breath, lean your head back as far as possible, breathe through your mouth, try to stay calm and wait for rescuers.
⑤ When the rescuer appears, don't grab the rescuer's hands, legs, waist and other parts in a panic. Be sure to follow the instructions of the rescuer and let him swim you ashore.
What should a companion do when he falls into the water? ① Call for help or run to an adult.
② Try to call "1 10" or "12395" for help immediately.
③ In case of emergency, if it is too late to call for help, you can use tools such as long bamboo poles or throwing ropes to help your partner.
There are two things to remember.
(1) Don't join hands to save lives. In areas with complicated water depth or underwater conditions, saving people hand in hand is likely to cause more people to fall into the water.
People who can't swim or have poor water quality should never get into the water, otherwise they will not only save others, but also lose their lives.
How to help yourself in distress in water 1 When the ship is in distress, keep calm and obey the command of the ship's staff; When the ship is attacked by wind and waves, it needs to sit in the cabin to keep the hull balanced.
There are life jackets and lifebuoys on board. Hurry up and get dressed. If there is no life jacket, other floating objects can be used as life-saving appliances. Before diving, you should throw floating objects on the water as much as possible, such as large foam, empty wooden cases, decks, wooden stools, etc.
3. When there is a fire on the ship, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel or cotton cloth, escape from the fireworks to the windward position of the fire, and get into the water on the windward side to escape.
Don't jump directly into the water from a height of more than 5 meters. Use rope ladders, ropes and fire hoses to slide into the water as much as possible. If the ship is sinking, don't launch on the tipping side to avoid being pushed into the water by the hull. If the stern of the hull is sinking now, you should escape to the bow and launch. Put on a life jacket to keep your waist warm. The best posture is to bend your feet together to your chest, elbows close to your sides, and cross your life jacket so that your head is above the water.
5. Don't panic before diving to escape, observe the ship and the surrounding situation, and avoid hard objects drifting on the water. When diving, cover your nose and mouth with one hand and your lower body with the other. Take a deep breath, clamp your legs and keep your body upright, which can reduce the area of your body in contact with water and avoid harm to your body. After entering the water, hold your breath and quickly return to the water with upward force. Rescue the wrecked ship as soon as possible after diving to prevent it from being caught in the whirlpool by the sunken ship. Don't be too far away from the accident ship, and send out distress signals by various means (life-saving whistle, reflected light, signal tube, shouting or shaking colored objects, etc.). ). If you are not far from the shore, you can swim slowly to the shore; If the current is urgent, swim to the downstream shore along the current; If the river bends, swim to the shore with shallow water and slow flow or wait for help.
6. Wooden boats generally don't sink after capsizing. After being thrown into the water, people should immediately grasp the ship's side and try to climb to the bottom of the overturned ship to wait for help. Other non-wooden boats sink when they capsize, but sometimes they float on the water because there is a lot of air in the cabin. This is not to turn the boat over, but to keep balance as much as possible, avoid air escaping, try to catch the capsized boat and wait for rescue.
The way to deal with the ship fire, after the ship fire, because of the narrow internal space and the concentration of various items, the fire developed rapidly and it was very difficult to escape and rescue. Therefore, you must pay attention to fire prevention when taking a boat, and don't carry inflammable and explosive dangerous goods such as firecrackers; In case of fire, don't panic, follow the instructions and follow the following methods for help and escape.
1. Know the alarm party When there is a fire on board, the staff on board will give an alarm to the whole ship quickly. The alarm mode is generally alarm bell, whistle, accompanied by light display.
2. Be familiar with the environment on board. After boarding, you should know the location of life-saving appliances such as life jackets, lifeboats and life rafts, and keep in mind the various passages, entrances and exits of passenger ships and the shortest path to the deck.
3, master the escape skills ① Hear the alarm, stay calm, don't panic, don't shout, scream, run around.
② Wear clothes quickly, especially life jackets. When the smoke is heavy, it is best to cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel. When the fire is big, you can wet blankets and quilts with water and cover them on your head and body.
(3) Obey the command of the ship's staff, advance in an orderly way along the escape route, and don't be crowded.
(4) Try to bend down and keep a low posture when walking. Because flame, smoke and hot air are all rising, the temperature below is not only lower, but also less smoke.
⑤ If the fire spreads rapidly and it is too late to escape, you should close the hatch and block the gap with sheets, clothes and other items to avoid smoke intrusion and prolong the escape time. If necessary, you can escape through the window or break the door to escape.
⑥ If it is necessary to evacuate the ship, you should obey the command of the ship's staff, board the lifeboat or life raft in an organized and orderly manner, and don't dive blindly to survive.
How to deal with the sinking of the ship 1 and make preparations before abandoning the ship ① Listen to the instructions of the ship's staff and make preparations for abandoning the ship and escaping.
2 Try to wear clothes, gloves, scarves, shoes and socks, pay attention to keep warm, and it is best to wear waterproof clothes.
③ Be sure to wear a life jacket.
If time permits, bring as much fresh water and food as possible.
(5) Quickly reach the designated place according to the evacuation route.
⑥ When ships need to be evacuated, they should enter the lifeboats in order, with women and children giving priority.
2. Precautions when diving to escape When the ship is about to sink, it is impossible to board the lifeboat or life raft and leave the ship, so we have to dive for survival. At this time, we need to pay attention to:
(1) dive as close to the surface as possible.
② When diving, hold the right life jacket tightly with your left hand, pull it down, and cover your nose and mouth with your right hand; Stretch your feet together, keep your body vertical, raise your head and take off with your feet down.
(3) Check the water surface to avoid floating objects.
(4) try to jump off the ship's side, and jump off the bow or stern if the hull tilts left and right.
⑤ Free the hull after entering the water, and stay away from the sunken ship, so as not to sink the ship, roll up the vortex and inhale the drowning person.
⑥ If wearing a life jacket or holding a lifebuoy, take a posture of curling up and bending your legs in the water to reduce body heat loss. Unless you are near the shore, or in order to get close to drowning people such as ships, generally don't swim aimlessly to save your strength.
⑦ Make as much noise as possible (such as blowing the whistle of life jacket) or shake brightly colored clothes so that people on shore or other ships can find them.
Don't take off your clothes after falling into the water in winter to avoid frostbite. You'd better not wear shoes if you can't swim.
What are the ways of water distress rescue in life? When you need help in an emergency, you should call different numbers for help. In case of gangsters and accidents, you should dial "110"; In case of fire, dial "119"; If the patient needs first aid, call "120"; What should I do if I need emergency assistance for water travel?
1, which phone to call for help in case of water distress ① Call the national unified water distress phone "12395" (homophonic: 123 "Help me").
(2) Use a whistle, horn, electric bell or any other effective buzzer to make a continuous short sound.
③ At night, you can ask for help from nearby ships or people by shaking or flashing flashlights. When the distance is long, smoke can be set off during the day and flame can be set off at night.
2, the method of asking for help when falling into the water ① After falling into the water, keep calm and swing up and down slowly with your arms on your sides as much as possible to attract others' attention and ask for help.
(2) If you can't get back to the boat, you can hold the boat with one hand, straighten the other hand as far as possible, hold it high above the water, and make a fist to signal rescue.
(3) There is a waterproof whistle, which can be blown to attract attention and ask for help.
(4) If there are no other appliances, you can shout or make other sounds to attract attention.