Lanzhou is located at 36 03 ′ north latitude and103 40 ′ east longitude. It is built on the Yellow River, which is the geometric center of the world geographic map. The Yellow River passes through the city from east to west, and it is the only capital of the Yellow River that passes through the urban area. Due to the influence of the terrain between the north and south mountains, the urban area is long and narrow from east to west, about 30 kilometers, and the narrowest point in the north and south is only about 5 kilometers, which has the characteristics of a belt basin city.
As of June 20 19, Lanzhou has three counties and five districts under its jurisdiction, and has the fifth national new district, Lanzhou New District and Lanzhou High-tech Zone and Lanzhou Economic Zone, with a total area of 1.3 1.6 square kilometers and an urban area of1631. It enjoys the reputation of "Silk Road Town", "Pearl of the Yellow River", "Xizi Summer Palace", "Water Car City" and "Famous Melon and Fruit City".
Lanzhou has a long history. When Qin unified the six countries and set up counties, it has a history of more than 2200 years. At the beginning of Sui Dynasty, it was renamed Lanzhou. It was formally established on 194 1.
Lanzhou has a profound cultural heritage, which is not only one of the important birthplaces of Chinese culture, but also an important meeting place of the Yellow River culture, the Silk Road culture, the Central Plains culture and the western regions culture. Since the Western Han Dynasty, with the opening of the Silk Road, a regional culture with multi-ethnic integration, mutual absorption and pluralism has gradually formed.
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Historical evolution of Lanzhou
Lanzhou was founded in 86 BC. According to records, it was named Jincheng because gold was dug up when the city was first built here. There is also a saying that is based on the allusion of "Jincheng Tang Chi", which means it is firm. Jincheng County was established here in Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties. When the Sixteen Kingdoms got cold, they moved to Jincheng County to rule here.
In the third year of Emperor Yangdi's Huang Kai (AD 583), Emperor Wendi abandoned the county to establish the country and set up the Lanzhou General Government. The name "Lanzhou" first appeared in history books. Later, although the counties were renamed several times, the organizational evolution of Lanzhou was basically fixed and has been used to this day. After Qin Shihuang unified China, the world was divided into 36 counties, and Lanzhou belonged to Longxi County.
At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Lanzhou was still under the jurisdiction of Longxi County. In the second year of Yuanshou (BC 12 1), Huo Qubing led an army to explore the Xiongnu in the west and set up a garrison in the west of Lanzhou, paving the way for Han to open up four counties in Hexi. In the first year of Zhaoyuan (86 BC), Jincheng County was established in Lanzhou today, belonging to Tianshui County.
In the sixth year of Emperor Zhao of the Western Han Dynasty (8 1 year BC), Jincheng County was also established. In the second year of Xuan Di Shenjue, after Zhao Chongguo pacified Xiqiang and stationed troops in Huangzhong, he strengthened the rule of the Western Han Dynasty in Jincheng County and established seven new counties successively.
In the 12th year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 36), Jincheng County was merged into Longxi County. In the fourth year of Andiyong (A.D. 1 10), Xiqiang Uprising, most of Jincheng County was occupied, and the county moved from Wuyun to Wu Xiang (now Longxi County, Gansu Province), and moved back to Wu Yun 12 years later. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a new Jincheng County was established in Xiping County. Since then, Jincheng County has moved from Wuyun to Yuzhong (now the west of Yuzhong County).
After the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, it was still located in Jincheng County. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, in the first year of Yong 'an (AD 3 14), Liang Qian was divided into two counties, namely Zhiyang and Lingju, which belonged to Jincheng County and juxtaposed with the newly established Yongdeng County (near Yaojie, Honggu District, Lanzhou City). In the same year, Jincheng County moved from Yuzhong to Jincheng, and Jincheng County and County were in the same city from then on.
In the third year of Emperor Wendi (AD 583), Jincheng County was changed to Lanzhou and the Governor's Office was established. Lanzhou is named after Gaolan Mountain in the south of the city. In the third year of Daye (AD 607), Zicheng County was changed to Jincheng County, Lanzhou was changed to Jincheng County, Jincheng County and Didao County were the leaders, and Jincheng was the county. In the 13th year of Daye (AD 6 17), Xue Ju, a captain of Jincheng, rebelled against Sui Dynasty, claiming to be the overlord of the Western Qin Dynasty and establishing Jincheng as its capital. Soon moved the capital to Tianshui, which was destroyed by the Tang Dynasty.
Fuhua, Tang Wude two years (AD 6 19), he returned to Lanzhou. In eight years, he set up the governor's office. In the first year of Qing Dynasty (AD 656), it was changed to Zhou. In the first year of Tianbao (AD 742), it was changed to Jincheng County. In the second year of Gan Yuan (AD 759), Jincheng County was changed to Lanzhou, and the state ruled Wuquan, which governed Wuquan and Guangwu counties.
In the first year of Baoying (AD 762), Lanzhou was occupied by Tubo. In the second year of Dazhong (AD 848), Zhang Yichao, a native of Hezhou, revolted, recovered eleven states in Longyou, and Lanzhou returned to Tang Dynasty. But by this time, the Tang Dynasty had declined, unable to take care of the West, and was quickly occupied by the Tangut.
In the early Qing dynasty, it stood in accordance with the Ming dynasty. Lanzhou belongs to Lintao Prefecture and Wei belongs to Shaanxi Province. In the 13th year of Shunzhi (AD 1656), Wei Jian returned to Dengzhou. In the second year of Kangxi (AD 1663), Lanzhou Wei was rebuilt. In the fifth year of Kangxi (AD 1666), Shaanxi and Gansu were separated and Gansu was established as a province. The capital moved from Changgong (now Longxi) to Lanzhou. Since then, Lanzhou has been the political center of Gansu.
In the third year of Qianlong (AD 1738), Lintao House was moved from Didao to Lanzhou, renamed Lanzhou House and changed to Gaolan County. At that time, Lanzhou government was in charge of drip irrigation and Hezhou. Gaolan, Jinxian, Weiyuan and Jingyuan counties. In the 29th year of Qianlong (AD 1764), the Shaanxi-Gansu Governor's Office was moved from xi 'an to Lanzhou, and the number of governors in Gansu decreased.
After the Revolution of 1911, in the second year of the Republic of China (AD 19 13), the abandoned government (state) built roads, and Lanshan and Changgong were Lanshan Road, which governed Gaolan, Hongshui, Yuzhong, Didao, Daohe, Ding Ning, Tao Sha, Jingyuan, Weiyuan, Dingxi and Lintan. Daoyin is stationed in Gaolan County, the provincial capital.
In the Republic of China 16 (A.D. 1927), it was changed to District, and Lanshan Road was changed to lanshan district. In the 25th year of the Republic of China (A.D. 1936), Gansu Province was designated as the seven major administrative supervision departments, and Gaolan and Yuzhong were the first administrative supervision areas (Min County was specially set up).
In the 30th year of the Republic of China, that is, 194 1 July, the suburb of Gaolan county was demarcated, and Lanzhou city was newly established, which jointly ruled the chengguan district of Lanzhou with Gaolan county. Urban area 16 km2, population172,000. In 33 years of the Republic of China (A.D. 1944), the urban area expanded, covering an area of 146 square kilometers, with Yangwa Mountain in the east, Tumendun (excluding Matan) in the west, Shizuizi, Baliyao and Gaolan Peak in the south and Yanchangbao and Shilidian in the north.
1August 26th, 949, Lanzhou was liberated. Since then, Lanzhou has entered a new historical period. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the construction of Lanzhou has undergone several changes. Lanzhou now governs five districts, namely Chengguan, Qilihe, Anning, Xigu and Honggu, and three counties, namely Yuzhong, Gaolan and Yongdeng.
Baidu encyclopedia-Lanzhou
Lanzhou Municipal People's Government-Introduction to Lanzhou
Lanzhou Municipal People's Government-Historical Evolution