[Key tips]
1, the new coronary pneumonia prevention
The current global epidemic of the new coronary virus Omicron variant is highly contagious, China's territory of the local outbreaks of more points, wide, frequent, the epidemic prevention and control situation is grim and complex, facing the spread of the spread of the local epidemic and the import of the double risk of renewed dissemination outside the country. It is recommended that those who are eligible but have not been vaccinated with the XKV vaccine should receive the vaccine as soon as possible, those who have not received the full vaccination should complete the full vaccination as soon as possible, and those who have completed the basic immunization for more than 6 months should receive a booster vaccination as soon as possible. Avoid traveling to epidemic and medium-high risk areas; avoid non-essential cross-border travel; strictly limit travel to medium- and high-risk areas and counties within the country; do not travel to other counties where medium- and high-risk areas are located non-essentially, and those who do need to travel must hold a certificate of a negative nucleic acid test within 48 hours; strictly limit travel to medium- and high-risk areas and counties where they are located, and do not travel to other counties where medium- and high-risk areas are located non-essentially. Other districts should minimize unnecessary travel and travel to other districts. Minimize unnecessary travel and gathering in other areas, especially for the elderly, patients with basic diseases, pregnant women and other groups. During travel, obey the relevant requirements of the new crown prevention and control work in the travel destination, and prepare masks, hand-free disinfectant, disinfectant wipes and other items. When going out, wear masks, keep a social distance from others, wash your hands frequently, reduce crowd gathering, and control the size of gatherings. Ventilate your living space. Avoid going to places where people gather, space is confined and ventilation is poor. After returning from the trip, do a good job of self-health monitoring, and when suspected symptoms occur, seek medical attention and report suspected exposure or travel history under proper protection.
2, norovirus enteritis and food poisoning prevention
Pay attention to hand hygiene and food and water hygiene. Eating out should be done in a formal, hygienic restaurant. Try to eat cooked food, raw fruits and vegetables should be washed, do not drink raw water. Separate raw and cooked food, and separate raw and cooked food from kitchen utensils and containers. Food should be cooked thoroughly and leftovers and overnight food should be heated thoroughly before eating again. Maintain a good dining style, share meals as much as possible, and promote the use of communal chopsticks and spoons. Do not collect or eat unknown wild mushrooms and wild plants.
3, tick-borne disease prevention
Personal protection in the field, should wear long-sleeved pants, tight pants legs, bare skin coated with repellents, avoid sitting and lying down for long periods of time in the grass, woods and other environments to prevent ticks from biting.
4, prevention of infectious diseases of animal origin
Avoid entering the habitat of wild birds and other animals, do not contact, do not eat wild animals. Try to avoid direct contact with any animal, especially animals of unknown origin; do not eat animal products that are not cooked; choose fresh, safe animal food ingredients, and separate raw and cooked when processing.
[Characteristics of related risks and specific preventive measures]
1, new coronavirus pneumonia
Currently, the local epidemic of new coronavirus pneumonia within our country has a wider reach, and in some areas, community transmission has not yet been blocked, and spillover of the epidemic has occurred, so the situation of internal prevention of proliferation is grim and complex. The global epidemic is still at a high level, and due to multiple factors such as the Omicron variant becoming the predominant strain worldwide, and the relaxation of travel restrictions and preventive and control measures in many countries outside China, the risk of the epidemic being imported from outside China and spreading locally is still high.
Major preventive measures
●It is recommended that those who are eligible but have not received the new crown vaccine receive it as soon as possible, those who have not received the full course of vaccination complete the full course as soon as possible, and those who have completed the basic immunization for more than 6 months receive a booster shot as soon as possible.
●The current level of epidemic outside the country is still high, China insists on the strategy of prevention and control of importation, and requires strict quarantine measures for entering the country. It is recommended not to leave the country for non-essential and non-emergency reasons, and to reduce cross-border movement of people for non-essential reasons such as traveling. Incoming personnel strictly comply with local epidemic prevention regulations during centralized quarantine and home health monitoring, and do a good job of nucleic acid testing and health status monitoring. If symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue, sore throat, reduced sense of smell, diarrhea, etc. occur, they should immediately inform the appropriate staff and cooperate in seeking medical treatment. During the period of home health monitoring, do not go out unless necessary, and keep a certain distance from people living with you; if you do need to go out, do a good job of personal protection, standardize the wearing of N95/KN95 protective masks, and keep a certain distance from other people, avoid taking public **** transportation, do not take part in dinners, conventions and exhibitions, tourism, training and other gatherings, and do not go to the school, factories, welfare institutions, nursing homes, shopping malls and supermarkets, office buildings, playgrounds, Large farmers' markets, theaters and other crowded places, not to go to the board room, KTV, script killing, escape room and other confined places.
●The territory of the epidemic in the high-risk areas and the county personnel strictly limit travel; in the high-risk areas in the city of the other county personnel non-essential not travel, the need to travel must be held within 48 hours of the nucleic acid test negative proof. Strictly limit travel to medium and high-risk areas and the counties where they are located; do not travel to other counties in the city where the medium and high-risk areas are located unless necessary. Minimize unnecessary travel and gatherings in other areas, especially for the elderly, people with underlying diseases, and pregnant women.
●Fever patients, health code "yellow code" and other people should fulfill their personal protection responsibilities, take the initiative to cooperate with the health monitoring and nucleic acid testing, and do not travel until the risk of infection has been ruled out. People in high-risk positions in the country should avoid traveling as much as possible, and if they do need to travel, they must meet the requirements of being out of work for more than 14 days and holding a negative nucleic acid test certificate within 48 hours, and report to their units.
●During the holiday season, it is important to strengthen self-protection. Always have a mask, hand sanitizer, disinfectant wipes and other items on hand. Wear a mask when you go out, keep a social distance from others, wash your hands regularly, and cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze. Pay attention to ventilation in your place of residence. At the same time, try to avoid going to places where people gather, space is confined and ventilation is poor. Do not participate in large-scale gatherings of people, and if you do need to organize a party, reduce the size of the event as much as possible.
●Prior to traveling, if you experience respiratory symptoms such as fever or coughing, you should temporarily suspend your travel plans and seek medical attention for nucleic acid testing and risk screening under proper protection. During travel, when taking airplanes, trains and other means of transportation, you should comply with the order and management requirements of the crew, wear a mask throughout the entire journey, practice good hand hygiene, keep the tickets properly for inquiries, and comply with the regulations on the prevention and control of epidemics at the destination; if you experience symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue, sore throat, loss of sense of smell, diarrhea, etc. during the journey, you should cancel or suspend the trip, and immediately go to the nearest medical institution to seek medical treatment, and undergo nucleic acid testing and risk screening. risk screening. Upon return from travel, continue to monitor personal health and should self-observe for 14 days, and seek medical attention and proactively inform the doctor of relevant exposures or travel history in the event of discomfort. Higher education institutions or enterprises with a large number of workers, students or workers need to provide proof of a negative nucleic acid test to return to school or work as required by the organization.
The policy of coming to Wei
1. People entering Wei from counties where the epidemic is endemic and high-risk areas are located should communicate in advance with the town or community where they are destined to be, and carry out the closed-loop management of 7-day centralized isolation and 7-day home health monitoring after picking up and returning to Wei.
2. For those who come from counties in medium-risk areas, please communicate with the destination town or community in advance, and then conduct closed-loop management with seven days of home health monitoring after picking up and returning.
3. For those who come to Weiwei from other counties of prefectural cities where medium and high-risk areas are located and from low-risk areas, please report to the community where the destination is located, and conduct a nucleic acid test on each of the 2nd and 4th days after landing and sampling. Before the result of the nucleic acid test on the 4th day is available, the code of the public **** place is gray; if the result of all nucleic acid tests is negative, the code of the public **** place changes to green.
4. truck drivers and passengers to Wei, please drivers and passengers or pick-up enterprises through the city's "integrated epidemic prevention and control management system" to report, and cooperate with the implementation of control policies.
2. Norovirus enteritis
Norovirus enteritis outbreaks occur in schools, kindergartens, hospitals, nursing homes, large cruise ships and other places where people gather, but also occurred on the plane or in the tour group. Transmission pathways include human-to-human, food and waterborne. Human-to-human transmission is via the fecal-oral route, which includes ingestion of aerosols produced by the patient's vomiting, contact with the patient's vomit or feces, and contact with surfaces in the environment contaminated by the patient's vomit or feces. Foodborne transmission is spread through the consumption of norovirus-contaminated food. Contamination can occur when food is contaminated by norovirus-infected catering workers during meal preparation and serving, or when food is contaminated by excreta or other norovirus-containing materials from infected persons during production, transportation and distribution. Shellfish such as oysters, and raw vegetables and fruits are also common foodstuffs that cause infections. Waterborne transmission can be caused by contaminated water from barrels, municipal water supplies, wells, and other drinking water sources. The most common clinical symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea, followed by nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, chills, and muscle aches, with most patients recovering within 2-3 days of onset. Most patients recover in 2-3 days after the onset of the disease. In a very few cases, severe illness or even death may occur.
Major preventive measures
●Pay attention to personal hygiene, especially hand hygiene, wash your hands frequently before and after meals, after going out and returning home, after taking care of the sick, and before preparing or distributing food and eating.
●Attention to diet and drinking water hygiene, eating out should choose regular restaurants with good hygiene conditions, try to eat cooked food, raw fruits and vegetables should be washed, oysters and other shellfish seafood must be thoroughly cooked before eating; do not drink raw water.
●Norovirus infected people sick to recovery within three days of the best home active isolation, try not to and other healthy family close contact, especially do not prepare and process food or care for the elderly and infants.
●Surfaces contaminated by the patient's vomit or feces should be promptly cleaned and disinfected with chlorine bleach or other effective disinfectants, and contaminated clothing or linens should be removed and washed immediately; rubber or disposable gloves should be worn when washing and hands should be carefully washed after washing.
3. Food poisoning
May-October is the most common month for food poisoning in China. The risk of food poisoning increases during the holiday season when there are more opportunities to gather and eat out. Food poisoning from microorganisms is the most common in the interior of China, and other poisoning from wild mushrooms and wild plants also occurs from time to time. Food poisoning is usually acute within a short period of time after eating, with gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
The main preventive measures
●Keep clean, wash your hands before and after meals, before and after handling raw and cooked food and its packaging, after contact with pets, and after disposing of garbage; tableware and kitchen utensils should be rinsed and dried with flowing, safe water, and often steamed and sterilized, and the kitchen environment should be clean. Raw and cooked food should be separated, and kitchen utensils and containers for processing food should be separated from raw and cooked food. Safe water and food ingredients are used. Fresh vegetables and fruits, staple foods, beans and peanuts that are free of mold and mildew are selected, and properly washed and peeled to reduce risk; safe water is used throughout the food preparation process. Food should be thoroughly cooked and burned, and leftovers and overnight food should be thoroughly reheated before serving again. Food should be kept at a safe temperature. Cooked food should not be stored for more than 2 hours at room temperature; food that cannot be eaten in time should be refrigerated or frozen for storage; cooked food should be kept above 60℃ before consumption. When eating out, choose formal restaurants with good hygiene conditions, maintain a good dining style, try to share meals, and advocate the use of communal chopsticks and spoons to minimize the risk of cross-contamination. Don't eat food of unknown origin, and don't collect or eat unknown wild mushrooms and wild plants.
4. Tick-borne diseases
Ticks are the vectors of many infectious diseases, often spreading pathogens to people through bites. In most parts of China, ticks are active from April to September, and the chance of being bitten by a tick increases significantly. Ticks live in grassy, bushy, or wooded areas and on animal surfaces. People may come into close contact with ticks outdoors walking dogs, camping, gardening, tea picking, farming, or hunting, and in their yards or neighborhoods. Ticks often attach to the human scalp, waist, armpits, groin, and below the ankles, and the body expands to the size of a soybean when it has had its fill of blood. Tick bites can cause symptoms such as allergies, ulcers or inflammation, which are generally mild; however, some tick-borne infectious diseases, such as fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever, have a high mortality rate. Tick-borne diseases often have similar symptoms in the early stages, with fever and chills being the most common symptoms, followed by itching, headache, malaise and muscle aches, and in some cases joint pain and skin rashes.
The main preventive measures
●Personal protection during field activities, should wear long-sleeved clothes and pants, tighten the legs of pants, bare skin coated with repellent, etc., and avoid prolonged sitting and lying down in ticks' main habitat, such as grasslands, woods and other environments, to prevent ticks from biting. Once a tick is found attached to the skin, the tick should be removed as soon as possible. Alcohol can be sprayed on the tick to relax or kill its head, and then the tick can be removed with clean, fine-tipped tweezers; do not pull the tick so as not to injure the skin or leave the tick's head inside the skin, and then disinfect the tick locally with iodine or alcohol after the tick is removed, and observe the health condition at any time; if necessary, consult medical personnel in a timely manner. If symptoms such as fever, fatigue, muscle aches and pains occur within a few weeks after removal of the tick, seek medical attention as soon as possible and inform the doctor of the relevant exposure history.
5. Infectious Diseases of Animal Origin
Humans may become infected with infectious diseases of animal origin such as avian influenza, brucellosis, anthrax, and other infectious diseases of animal origin by coming into contact with animals, consuming undercooked animal products, or coming into contact with the environment of the animal's habitat.
Main precautions
● Avoid entering animal habitats such as wildfowl, and do not touch or eat wild animals. Try to avoid direct contact with any animals, especially those of unknown origin. Do not eat undercooked and undercooked meat, eggs, milk and other animal products. Choose fresh, safe animal food ingredients, and pay attention to the separation of raw and cooked when processing.