people live in different environmental spaces, which can be roughly divided into indoor and outdoor. Outdoor spaces such as natural forests, cities, villages, streets, squares, rivers, lakes, oceans, blue skies and so on, indoor spaces such as various transportation equipment and buildings, and indoor spaces such as public spaces and residential spaces. Therefore, the indoor

environment design of residential space is essentially the ideal space environment required by studying people's various living and activity places. And physiological function and psychological function.

1 chapter 1 research background and significance

at present, residential buildings are booming and people's living conditions have been further improved. However, there are still many problems that the functions and requirements of living space are sometimes unsatisfactory, and there are many ways to define living space and the requirements are difficult to be adjusted. To sum up and solve these problems has become an important topic in the study of living space.

The interior design of residential space should combine and divide the space, which is an important foundation of space design. The relationship between the components of the space is mainly accomplished by division, that is, the < P > definition of the living space. The definition of living space involves people's shapes, actions and psychology. As one of the spatial elements, people should have a considerable understanding. Therefore, what kind of restriction method should be adopted should not only be based on the characteristics of space and the requirements of energy use, but also take into account the artistic characteristics of space and people's psychological requirements. Any space has its specific conditions and functional requirements, and people live in the living space environment most of the time. Living space has the closest relationship with people, so the research on living space is of great significance.

2 Chapter II Importance of Defining Living Space

People spend most of their life indoors, and most of these time are spent in living space. Therefore, the living space environment designed and created by people will inevitably directly affect the quality of living and production activities, and people's safety, health, efficiency, comfort and so on. The creation of living space should take ensuring safety and being beneficial to people's physical and mental health as the primary premise of interior design.

For all kinds of indoor spaces with different types and functions, it is generally necessary to meet the needs of people's different activities. There are collective needs and unique personal needs, and different needs depend on the

nature of people's different activities, active or passive, noisy or quiet, public, small-scale or private. Specifically, the definition of living space needs to meet the three requirements of human form, behavior and psychology. Human form refers to the basic size of the human body and needs enough basic space. People can't always be still, but also need to carry out various necessary survival activities, such as entertainment, catering, rest, social interaction, etc., which also requires sufficient space requirements; In terms of psychology, people not only have requirements for the living space environment in terms of material functions such as use arrangement, cooling and heating, lighting, etc., but also often have requirements for spiritual functions such as indoor environment atmosphere, style and context that are suitable for the type and personality of the building.

From the perspective of interior design, ergonomics provides us with a scientific and reliable basis. The main function of ergonomics is to make indoor environmental factors adapt to the needs of human life

activities through a correct understanding of physiology and psychology, and its focus is completely on "people". Then, according to the comprehensive factors such as people's physical fitness, psychological form and activity needs, we should make full use of scientific methods and design reasonable living space and facilities and furniture to achieve the goal of making people's activities in living space efficient, safe and comfortable. In order to achieve the goal of improving the environmental quality of living space, the space limitation of living space must follow the principles of ergonomics. The function of ergonomics in interior design is mainly reflected in the following aspects, which provides a basis for determining the space range, designing furniture and determining the adaptability of sensory organs. The importance of defining living space in environmental

design can be seen from this.

3 Chapter III Methods of Defining Living Space

After understanding the significance of defining living space, it is necessary to study the specific methods of defining living space. When defining the living space, we should fully understand the different functions and characteristics of the space, and create a sense of territory and privacy when defining the living space according to these conditions. From the perspective of satisfying the sense of domain and privacy, the forms of defining living space can be summarized into three ways: absolute separation, separating space with solid walls, achieving the purpose of < P > isolating sight, temperature, humidity and sound, which has strong privacy; Relatively separated, the space is not completely closed, and it has certain fluidity; Intention separation, mainly through the non-physical local interface for symbolic psychological < P > hint, forming a certain virtual field place, in order to realize the visual psychological sense of field.

From the perspective of people's feelings and changes in the visual characteristics of objects themselves, in an unobstructed room, objects protruding or recessed, or objects far away from the wall, or changes in new materials such as ceilings, floors, walls, and different lighting methods can all form a sequence space and attract people to move forward in the visual area of people. Therefore, the spatial division of a room is various, which can be handled according to the functional requirements. From the common handling methods in our daily life, with the diversification of applied materials, three-dimensional, interwoven and crossed up and down, plus lighting, light and shade, reality, simplicity and complexity of furnishings, space twists and turns, big

small, high and low, artistic modeling and other techniques. There are two specific methods to define the living space: defining the living space through the interface; The living space is defined by members.

4 Chapter IV Methods of Defining Living Space through Interfaces

The most basic elements of a space are vertical and horizontal interfaces, which actually refer to walls, roofs and floors. According to this, the methods of defining the living space can be divided into the following ways:

4.1 Defining the space by vertical interface

Defining the vertical interface is the enclosure of indoor space. Enclosure is a basic way to divide and limit indoor space.

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When it comes to the scope, there is always an internal and external division, and it can only be established if it has at least more than one direction; And separation is to divide the space into several parts. Sometimes the enclosing and separating elements are the same, and the enclosing elements themselves may be

separating elements, or the separating elements may be combined to form the feeling of enclosing. At this time, the boundary between enclosure and separation is not so clear. If we must distinguish, it is "limited" for the enclosed interior, that is, this new "sub

space". In the living space, these material elements can be used to form some small areas and make the space feel layered, which can not only meet the use requirements, but also give people spiritual enjoyment. For example, the "flower cover" and "screen" in traditional buildings in China are typical defining forms, which can divide a space into several parts, such as study, living room and bedroom, divide the area and decorate the indoor space.

4.2 horizontal interface definition

this definition is used to change the ground height difference to achieve the purpose of definition, so that the defined space can be emphasized in the mother space or distinguished from other parts of the space. For the use of concave technique on the ground, the effect < P > is similar to the low enclosure, but it is more secure and less disturbed by the surrounding. Because the ground itself is not very conspicuous, there will be no sense of being in the public eye, especially in the public space, people will feel more comfortable and relaxed psychologically in the concave space. In some family living rooms, part of the ground is often lowered, and sofas are arranged along the periphery, which makes the family feel more intimate and more like a nest far away from the world. Lifting is the opposite of concave, which can make this area more attractive. In living space, these techniques can not only make a fuss on the ground, but also appear on the wall or top surface. But it may be called "concave", "convex" or "hanging down" by different names. However, there are

certain scale restrictions. If the "hanging down" part is too large, people can think of it as "covering", and if there are too many "concave" or "protruding" parts on the wall, people can think of it as another space, and if the scale is too small, it may be regarded as

a texture change. Of course, this is only relative.

in the definition of horizontal interface, the definition of top interface is more important, as long as there is coverage, there will be an indoor feeling. No matter how tight the surroundings are, if there is no roof, although there is a sense of centripetal force, it can not be regarded as an indoor empty room < P >; And a thatched pavilion, even if it is simple and shabby, will give the feeling of entering the room. The main reason lies in the requirement of coverage. For example, it is one of the important contents of modern indoor environment to limit space by hanging roof.

The shape of suspended flat roof, such as its area, up and down height, concave and convex twists and turns, is treated in various ways according to the functional needs, and its forms are diverse. Whether it is a public building or a residential space, this method is often used in order to increase the environmental atmosphere and enrich the space environment.

4.3 methods of defining living space through components

In addition to the most basic method of defining space through interfaces, different specific materials and colors can be combined in different ways to form more diverse spaces. The same is to separate the space. For example, in a restaurant, using different techniques such as screens, low walls, flower beds and railings will have very different psychological effects. What material is used, what shape, whether it looks stable, whether the position is high or low, whether it blocks the line of sight, whether it can be relied on, etc. These methods all define the living space through components in the original space interface. Usually, the indoor space is defined in

rows by building components, decoration, furniture, lamps and lanterns, curtains, greening, plaid, etc. Here are some common application forms:

Column and wing wall define the space, which is different from the columns and wing walls of load-bearing structures in architectural design, and it is imaginary to meet the requirements of specific space.

Decoration defines space, which usually refers to floor-to-ceiling covers, screen-type antique shelf partitions, movable folding partitions, etc., to define the relatively large living room and dining room combined space.

Soft partitions define the space. The so-called soft partitions are curtains, bead curtains and special folding connecting curtains, which are usually used to define reading, sleeping, studio and living room in houses.

architectural sketches define space. This kind of method of defining space is more common in the definition of outdoor space, such as defining and separating space through fountains and pools, but there are also some applications in indoor and residential space, compared with architectural sketches such as bonsai and flower stands. It not only maintains the characteristics of large space, but also increases the active atmosphere of indoor space with surging water and green flowers.

lamps define the space, and the indoor space is defined and distinguished by the arrangement of lamps, which is a common method in indoor environment design and residential space definition. A living space has dining space or meeting space, and lamps and lanterns are often combined with home furnishings, and lighting is arranged accordingly.

other forms of space definition methods, according to the principle of space composition, all kinds of objects can be used when separating space. For example, the fireplace in the villa, the lattice screen, the concave projection of the wallboard, the flower < P > color and material of the floor are all commonly used forms to limit the living space.

Furniture defines space, and furniture is one of the main roles in defining indoor space. The arrangement of common furniture such as cabinets, tables and chairs, if handled well, can make a small space bigger and a large space can be divided into multiple spaces. Modern large-space

offices are often composed of several groups of small office rooms, such as curtains, raised floor elevation and cabinets to define the space.

5 Chapter 5 Summary and Prospect

With the improvement of people's material and spiritual needs, people not only need comfortable material conditions, but also have higher and higher requirements for artistic treatment of rooms, such as modeling, color and layout. Interior design includes not only the interior design of public buildings, but also the interior design of family houses. For each of our lives, the latter is more closely related. The layout, decoration and decoration of each family are inseparable from the personality,

preferences and aesthetic tastes of the members of this family, so the interior design of living space should not only be concerned by architects and designers, but also by everyone of us, especially those who love life and heat. What people who love art should care about. The indoor environment design of residential

space is to redistribute the space, redesign the decoration, update the decoration, hang the furniture and rearrange the lamps and air conditioning equipment according to various functional needs.

Contemporary interior design of residential space includes the application of civil engineering, decoration, decoration, home furnishings and modern sound, light, color, electricity, gas and water equipment. The research on the limitation of residential viewing space is bound to be a long-lasting topic.