Basic sentence pattern 1: subject-predicate structure (subject+predicate)

Basic sentence pattern 2: subject, predicate and object (subject+predicate+table)

Basic sentence pattern 3: subject, predicate and object (subject+predicate+object)

Basic sentence pattern 4: S V o O (subject+predicate+indirect object+direct object)

Basic sentence pattern 5: S V O C (subject+predicate+object+object complement)

Basic sentence pattern 1

The sentences of this sentence pattern have a common feature, that is, the predicate verb of the sentence can express the complete meaning.

This kind of verb is called intransitive verb, which can be followed by adverbs, prepositional phrases, adverbial clauses and so on.

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┃ ┃ⅣV (intransitive verb) ┃

┠———————————————┼———————————————┨

1.The sun is shining. ┃

2. The moon has risen. ┃

┃3. The universe still exists. ┃

We all breathe, eat and drink. ┃

5. Who cares? ┃

It doesn't matter what he said. ┃

They talked for half an hour. ┃

┃8. Pen ┃ Writing fluency ┃

1. The sun shines brightly. The moon has risen.

3. The universe will last forever. We all breathe, eat and drink.

5. Who cares? What he said has nothing to do with it.

7. They talked for half an hour. 8. This pen writes smoothly.

Basic sentence pattern 2

The sentence of this sentence pattern has a * * * feature: the predicate verb of the sentence cannot express a complete meaning, and a predicate indicating the identity or state of the subject must be added to form a compound predicate to express a complete meaning. This verb is called a conjunction verb. Connective verbs are divided into two categories: be, look, keep, seem, etc. Belong to a category and explain the situation; Get, grow, become, turn, etc. belong to another category, indicating change. Be itself has no meaning, but acts as a link between subject and predicative. Other verbs still retain some meanings.

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┃┃ⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣⅣ

┠———————┼———————┼———————————————┨

1.This is an English-Chinese dictionary. ┃

2. Dinner smells delicious. ┃

He fell in love. ┃

Everything looks different. ┃

He is tall and strong. ┃

The problem is that they are short of money. ┃

7. Our well has dried up. ┃

8. His face turned red. ┃

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1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. Lunch smells good.

He's in love. Everything seems different.

He is tall and strong. The problem is that they are short of money.

7. Our well has dried up. 8. His face turned red.

Basic sentence pattern 3

The * * * of this sentence pattern is characterized by the fact that the predicate verbs all have real meanings, and they are all actions produced by the subject, but they cannot express the complete meaning. Only by following an object, that is, the receiver of the action, can the meaning be complete. These verbs are called transitive verbs.

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┃┃┃ V (transitive verb) ┃┃┃O┃

┠———————┼———————┼———————————————┨

┃ 1. Who knows the answer? ┃

She smiled her thanks. ┃

He refused to help them. ┃

He likes reading. ┃

They ate the leftovers. ┃

He said "good morning".

7. I want to have a cup of tea. ┃

He admitted that he was wrong. ┃

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1. Who knows the answer? She smiled her thanks.

He refused to help them. He likes reading books.

5. They eat leftovers. 6. He said, "Good morning!"

7. I want to have a cup of tea. He admitted that he had made a mistake.

Basic sentence pattern 4

The sentences of this sentence pattern have the same feature: the predicate verb must be followed by two objects to express the complete meaning. One of these two objects is the direct receiver of the action and the other is the indirect receiver of the action.

Usually, this indirect receiver is connected by a preposition, which is often omitted when the indirect receiver of the action precedes the direct receiver of the action.

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┃┃ v. (transitivity) ┃ O (polydactyle) ┃ O (polydactyle) ┃

┠————┼—————┼———————┼————————————┨

1.She ordered a new suit for herself. ┃

She cooked a delicious meal for her husband. ┃

He brought you a dictionary. ┃

He denies her nothing. ┃

I showed him my photo. ┃

I washed my car. ┃

I told him that the bus was late. ┃

He taught me how to operate this machine. ┃

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1. She made herself a new suit. She cooked a delicious meal for her husband.

He brought you a dictionary. He refused her nothing.

I showed him my photo. 6. I washed my car.

I told him that the bus was late. He taught me to operate the machine.

Basic sentence pattern 5

The same feature of this sentence pattern is that although the verb is a transitive verb, it returns with only one object.

If you can't express the complete meaning, you must add a supplementary component to supplement the object to make the meaning complete.

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┃ S ┃ V (transitive) ┃ O (object) ┃ C (object complement) ┃

┠————┼—————┼———————┼————————————┨

1.They appointed him manager. ┃

They painted the door green. ┃

This caused them to think. ┃

They found the house empty. ┃

5. What makes him think so? ┃

6. We sent him out. ┃

7. He asked me to come back early. ┃

I saw them get on the bus. ┃

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1. They appointed him as the manager. They painted the door green.

This made them think it over. They found the house unoccupied.

5. What makes him think so? 6. Let's send him out.

7. He told me to come back early. I saw them get on the bus.

But the commonly used English sentences, except the basic ones, are not all as short as the basic ones.

Components are immutable, and some modifiers are usually added before or after these components.

Expand it. These modifiers can be words (mainly adjectives, adverbs and numerals) or

Various types of phrases (mainly prepositional phrases, infinitive phrases and participle phrases). Let's use basic sentences.

For example, type five:

We found the hall full.

We found the auditorium full.

We found the hall full of students and teachers.

We found the auditorium full of students and teachers.

We found the hall full of students and teachers, who were listening-

Listen to an important report.

We found the auditorium full of students and teachers, listening to an important report.

We found the hall full of students and teachers, who were listening-

A comrade of People's Daily made an important report.

Eastern European current affairs daily.

We found the auditorium full of students and teachers, listening to a comrade of People's Daily.

An important report on the situation in eastern Europe.

Different verbs use different sentence patterns, so when learning verbs, we should master the types of verbs.

Type. Take get as an example:

He was angry. (South Africa)

He went through the window. (S V M)

You will get a surprise. (narrator)

He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C)

He got himself into trouble. (S V O M)

He bought her a beautiful present. (South Africa)

Part of speech and the position of words in sentences also affect sentence patterns and meanings:

I found this book easily. I found this book easily. (S V O M)

I find this book easy. I think this book is easy. (S V O C)

I have to do something. I have to do something.

I have something to do. I have something to do.