What are the rich resources in Guizhou
Energy resources
Guizhou is a major energy province in China, with water, electricity and coal, especially water and coal, which help each other. . "Guizhou Power Transmission to the East" is the main force of "West Power Transmission to the East" in China Southern Power Grid. There are many rivers in Guizhou, and there are 984 rivers with a length of more than 11 kilometers. In 2112, the flow of rivers and rivers in the province reached 114.52 billion cubic meters. The mountainous characteristics of rivers in Guizhou are obvious. Most of the rivers have wide valleys in the upper reaches, gentle water flow and small water volume. The middle reaches of the valley are alternately bundled and the water flows rapidly; The downstream valley is deep and narrow, with a large amount of water and rich hydraulic resources. The reserve of hydropower resources is 18.745 million kilowatts, ranking sixth in the country, of which the exploitable amount is 16.833 million kilowatts, accounting for 4.4% of the national total, especially there are many river sections with concentrated water level difference, and the development conditions are superior. Known as the "Southwest Coal Sea", Guizhou has a coal resource reserve of 49.728 billion tons, ranking fifth in the country, exceeding the total coal resource reserves of 12 southern provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). Coal is not only large in reserves, but also complete in types and excellent in quality, which lays a solid foundation for the development of thermal power and the implementation of "power transmission from west to east", and provides resource conditions for coal chemical industry and the implementation of "coal to oil" project.
land resources
the land resources in the province are mainly mountainous and hilly areas, with less flat dam land. The mountainous area is 118741 square kilometers, accounting for 61.7% of the total land area of the province, and the hilly area is 54197 square kilometers, accounting for 31.1% of the total land area of the province. The mountain flat dam area covers an area of 1.3231 square kilometers, accounting for only 7.5% of the total land area of the province. This geographical feature makes there are not many land resources available for agricultural development, especially in recent years, due to the increase of population and the increase of non-agricultural land, the cultivated land area has been shrinking. At the end of 2112, the actual cultivated land area in the province was 1.7694 million hectares, a decrease of 62,911 hectares over the previous year, and the per capita cultivated land area was less than 1.15 hectares, far below the national average. The proportion of cultivated land with thick soil layer, high fertility and good water conservancy conditions is low.
mineral resources
Guizhou is rich in mineral resources. There are many kinds of mineral resources in China, which are widely distributed, complete in categories, rich in reserves and good in metallogenic geological conditions. It is a famous province with large mineral resources. By the end of 2112, more than 111 kinds of minerals had been discovered in the whole province, of which 76 kinds had proved reserves, and many kinds of reserves ranked in the forefront of the country. Mercury, barite, sandstone for fertilizer, sandstone for metallurgy, diabase for decoration, sandstone for brick and tile, etc. ranked first, followed by phosphorus, bauxite and rare earth. In the third place are magnesium, manganese and gallium. In addition, coal, antimony, gold and pyrite also have certain advantages and occupy an important position in China. Coal is not only large in reserves, but also complete in coal types and excellent in coal quality. It is known as the "Jiangnan Coal Sea", with a reserve of 49.227 billion tons at the end of 2112. Bauxite is of good quality, with a reserve of 424 million tons; The reserves of phosphate rock are 2.695 billion tons, accounting for more than 41% of the national total; Barite is the best in China, and its reserves are one-third of that of the whole country. Gold reserves rank 12th in China, and it is a new gold production base in China.
biological resources
There are many kinds of organisms in Guizhou. There are more than 1,111 species of wild animals in the province, among which Guizhou golden monkey < P > Among them, Guizhou golden monkey, langur, South China tiger, clouded leopard, leopard, white zygomatic, Hei He, black-necked crane, Chinese merganser duck, golden eagle, white-tailed sea eagle, white-headed crane and python are listed as national first-class protected animals, accounting for 13% of the total number of similar animals in China; There are 69 species of national second-class protected animals, mainly pangolin, black bear, otter, civet cat, forest musk deer, red-bellied pheasant, white-crowned pheasant, red-bellied golden pheasant, etc., accounting for 25.7% of the total number of similar animals in China. There are six kinds of plant resources: forest, grassland, crop varieties, medicinal plants, wild economic plants and rare plants. The forest coverage rate in the province has reached 31.8%, the per capita forest area is 1.14 hectares, and the total standing stock reaches 211 million cubic meters. There are 71 species of rare plants listed in the national list of rare and endangered protected plants, and 4 species, such as Cathaya argyrophylla, Davidia involucrata, Taiwania flousiana and Alsophila spinulosa, are national first-class protected plants, accounting for 51% of the total number of similar plants in China. There are 27 species of second-class protected plants, accounting for 18.9% of the total number of similar plants in China; There are 39 species of third-class protected plants, accounting for 19.2% of the total number of similar plants in China. There are more than 3,811 kinds of wild plant resources in the province, including more than 3,711 kinds of medicinal plant resources, accounting for 81% of Chinese herbal medicine varieties. It is one of the four major Chinese herbal medicine producing areas in China. There are 6 kinds of rare and precious plants with good quality, which have certain influence at home and abroad, such as Panax japonicus, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Pteris fasciatus, Cordyceps sinensis, Coptis cinerea, Blumea balsamifera (natural borneol) and so on. In addition, Gastrodia elata, Dendrobium nobile, black-necked crane < P > Zhong, Magnolia Officinalis, Evodia rutaecarpa, Cortex Phellodendri, Codonopsis pilosula, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, Gallnut, Asparagus, Lonicera japonica, Platycodon grandiflorum, Galla Chinensis, Pinellia ternata, Leiwan, Adenophora adenophora, ice hockey stick, Polygonatum sibiricum, Ganoderma lucidum, Artemisia argyi, etc. have the reputation of authentic medicinal materials. Among the wild economic plant resources, there are about 611 kinds of industrial plants, mainly fiber, tanning material, aromatic oil and grease plant resources; There are about 511 kinds of edible plants, mainly vitamins, protein, starch and oil plants. About 211 kinds of garden plants can be used for greening, beautifying the environment and having ornamental value; There are more than 41 kinds of environmental protection plants with anti-pollution ability. Guizhou is rich in crop plants, and nearly 611 varieties of grain crops, oil crops, fiber plants and other cash crops have been cultivated. Grain crops are mainly rice, corn, wheat and potatoes, and cash crops are mainly flue-cured tobacco and rapeseed. Economic trees mainly include tung oil tree, camellia oleifera, tallow tree, lacquer tree, walnut, etc. "Dafang Raw Lacquer" and "Liuma Tung Oil" are famous local products in Guizhou. There are more than 31 main livestock breeds and more than 2,511 excellent forage resources in the province, which has good conditions for the development of animal husbandry.
geography? Conditions for the development of tourism resources in Guizhou
From the distribution, composition, landscape quality and characteristics, development degree and social situation of Guizhou's tourism resources, it can be summarized into the following 11 aspects:
1. Diversity of environment
Guizhou is located in the eastern slope of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, which is just in the transition from the second largest step (western plateau mountain) to the first step (eastern hilly plain) in China. The highest altitude is 2911 meters, and the lowest is 148 meters, with an average altitude of 1111 meters in the province.
Guizhou is located in the center of South China, the largest karst area in the world, and it is one of the most developed karst provinces in China. Karst landforms are complete and diverse, including almost all types except glacier karst. Guizhou is located in the south subtropical zone to the middle subtropical zone. Due to the complexity and diversity of geological, geomorphological and bioclimatic conditions, the soil types in Guizhou are also extremely complicated, thus providing important environmental conditions for the diversity of biological resources.
2. uniqueness of the landscape
The geoscience landscapes in many areas of Guizhou are unique, and some of them can be called the natural wonders of the world, which constitute the advantages of tourism resources. Waterfalls and caves are large in scale, well preserved and concentrated in distribution, ranking first in the country.
Guizhou has the only Triassic wonder in the world (only St. George's Mountain in Switzerland is partially exposed in the world). Every step taken here spans 11,111 years, and it has six best in the world: the most spectacular shallow-sea sub-deep sea transition zone in the world; The world's best early Triassic deep-water fossil group; The earliest and largest Triassic shell-and-tube reef in the world; The most complete Triassic isolated limestone platform in the world-Daguitan; The best marine reptile in the world-the sea lily fauna; The most systematic and well-preserved Triassic sea-land change and shallow sea-sub-deep sea "tug-of-war" in the world
The Triassic in Guizhou has extremely high scientific research value and aesthetic appreciation value, and has the cultural and scientific gold content of applying for the World Natural Heritage and the World Geopark.
3. Climatic agreeableness
The general features of Guizhou's climate are no severe cold in winter, no intense heat in summer, moderate rainfall, rainy nights and breezes, and no extreme temperature peculiar to most continental climates.
4. Abundance of resources
Guizhou has beautiful mountains and rivers, and its tourism resource structure is complex, diverse and colorful. Natural landscape and human landscape are very rich, including the Zunyi Memorial Hall with ancient and long-standing historical and cultural relics and modern revolutionary history and culture, as well as multi-ethnic cultures with their own characteristics; There are many strange and typical geological phenomena, rich mineral deposits and animal and plant communities; There are a large number of peaks and cliffs, rapids and caves for climbing and drifting exploration; Numerous plateau lakes provide excellent places for water sports, as well as a variety of mineral springs for people to relax and recuperate, forming a rich and diverse combination of tourism resources in Guizhou. There are more than 1111 tourist attractions with development value in the province.
5. Colorful ethnic customs
Guizhou's ethnic tourism resources are distinctive and rich. There are 56 ethnic minorities in China, including 49 in Guizhou, of which 17 are indigenous ethnic minorities. The population of ethnic minorities accounts for 37.85% of the total population of the province. In the long-term production and life, all ethnic groups have formed different styles and types of national cultures, customs, festivals, costumes and cottage buildings, which constitute a major feature and advantage of Guizhou's tourism resources.
6. Extensiveness of geographical distribution
The tourism resources in the whole province are widely distributed. Apart from Anshun, Zunyi, Guiyang and other regions, the tourism resources in northwest Guizhou, central Guizhou, northeast Guizhou, southwest Guizhou, southeast Guizhou and south Guizhou are widely distributed and relatively concentrated, forming a landscape cluster. Almost all cities, prefectures, prefectures and counties in the province have scenic spots and spots with their own characteristics.
7. The integration of nature and humanity
In the whole province, different geoscience landscapes are combined with different animal and plant landscapes, meteorological landscapes, national cultures and ethnic customs to form scenic spots with different styles and characteristics. All kinds of landscapes complement each other and rely on each other, reflecting a high degree of combination.
8. Original ecology at the same latitude
Guizhou's bio-tourism landscape is extremely rich and unique, with many animal and plant types of high ornamental value and well-preserved natural ecosystems, making it one of the provinces with the largest number of national nature reserves and forest parks. The subtropical ecosystem of Fanjing Mountain is primitive and typical, and the Maolan karst virgin forest in Libo integrates tourism wonders and ethnic customs, making it a karst eco-tourism resort for popular science. The national eco-tourism demonstration zone located in southeastern Guizhou fully embodies the theme of harmony between man and nature and "harmony between man and nature", and has become a major ethnic original ecological tourism landscape in Guizhou.
9. Huge development potential
Guizhou Province is located in the southwest inland of the motherland and is rich in tourism resources, but most of them have not been developed and utilized. There is still great potential for utilization and excavation. For example, Leigong Mountain, Moon Mountain, Jiudongtian, Weining Caohai, Wujiang Gallery, World Triassic Park, Lianshui Tianshengqiao Group and Huishui Yanzi Cave are still in a semi-developed state. These places are rich in animal and plant resources, tourism resources and spectacular scenery, and are a virgin land to be developed. There are still many wonders of the world in the province that have not yet shown their charm to the vast number of tourists, and they are still in an unknown state hidden in the mountains; Many tourism resources that have been developed or are being developed also need further in-depth development, constantly supplementing connotation, giving them new vitality and fully tapping their potential.
11. The fragility of ecological environment
is mainly based on the following points: First, the average slope of the province is 17.8 degrees, and steep slopes above 15 degrees account for 59.6% of the total area of the province; Second, the height zone, the highest point in the province is 2911 meters, the lowest point is 148 meters, and the average altitude is 1111 meters; The third is karst, the proportion of karst in the province is 61.9%; The fourth is the density of river network. The density of river network in the whole province is less than 511 meters per square kilometer, which is much lower than that in neighboring provinces. Fifth, the proportion of hills is significant, accounting for 92.5% of the whole province, and the flat dams between mountains only account for 7.
Natural scenery resources conditions for developing tourism in Guizhou
Needless to say, the scenery in Guizhou is just that the relevant departments in Guizhou don't seem to understand the hype. Zhijin Cave, Longnei Palace, Fanjing Mountain, Rongmaling River and many other places with infinitely beautiful scenery in Guizhou have not been properly publicized. The natural scenery is beautiful, combined with the ethnic minority style of leading tourism and the unique Castel landform. The most important thing is the climate. The trend of global warming is spreading. Guizhou's unique geographical position makes Guiyang a summer capital and Liupanshui a cool capital. It is on track to promote tourism by playing the climate card. Tourism radiation such as catering, accommodation, consumption and other industries will also develop rapidly.
Guizhou province's natural resources and development, please
Guizhou is an inland mountainous province with beautiful mountains and rivers, pleasant climate, rich resources and many ethnic groups, but underdeveloped economy and society. Guizhou has a good combination of water, electricity and coal, and the energy structure of "fire and water help each other" makes Guizhou the best province to develop electric power industry in China. Guizhou is also a famous province of mineral resources in China, with a complete range of mineral resources, wide distribution and abundant reserves. There are 28 kinds of minerals in the top 5 and 41 kinds of minerals in the top 11, which have good advantages in energy and mineral resources. The climate in Guizhou is warm and humid, with no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer. The climate characteristics are quite different in the vertical direction, and the three-dimensional climate is obvious. Guizhou is a multi-ethnic province, with 17 ethnic minorities living in the world and 56 ethnic groups, and the population of ethnic minorities ranks third in the country. The combination of natural scenery, spring-like climate and national folk culture, which integrates rocks, water features, caves and trees, constitutes the main characteristics of Guizhou's tourism resources. Guizhou's economic development is still in the initial stage of industrialization, and development is the top priority for Guizhou. Only through development can all kinds of social and economic problems in Guizhou be finally solved. According to the theory of comparative advantage of economics, priority should be given to the development of industries with comparative advantages. Guizhou is neither along the border nor along the coast, and lacks regional advantages; The industrial base is weak, and agricultural production is limited by natural conditions in karst mountainous areas, so it does not have the advantages of grain production and the development of modern industry. However, rich energy, mineral resources and unique tourism environment are the advantageous resources for Guizhou's development. The state has listed Guizhou as an important energy and raw material base in the south, and the successful publicity of "Colorful Guizhou" has laid a good foundation for Guizhou's tourism development. Therefore, the development of energy, mineral resources and tourism resources is the advantage of Guizhou's development. It is the requirement of the 11th Five-Year Plan to take Scientific Outlook on Development as the overall leader of economic and social development, insist on development as the last word, and effectively turn economic and social development into the track of comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development. The focus of western development is ecological environment protection, and eco-tourism must be based on a good ecological environment, which is the development opportunity facing Guizhou. To achieve a historic leap in Guizhou's economic and social development, we should not only give full play to the advantages of energy and mineral resources, but also make full use of unique tourism resources. However, there is a certain contradiction between the development of energy and mineral resources and the protection of ecological environment, and poor development is likely to cause damage to the ecological environment. Therefore, according to science,