How to prepare the tender

Bidding work is a comprehensive work, involving a wide range of contents, and often the time for preparing bids is very short, and the bidding documents and drawings are not complete, which brings great difficulties to bidding work. However, with the improvement of the construction market and the implementation of the bidding law, the bidding work will become more and more standardized and institutionalized, which is bound to be conducive to the smooth development of our bidding work. As far as it is concerned, in order to prepare the technical tender on time and with limited conditions, we must follow the following working procedures according to the characteristics of bidding work while investing enough manpower and material resources:

First, read the tender documents in detail.

The bidding documents mainly include the invitation to bid, instructions for bidding (including data sheets, amendment forms and attachments (project description and main project quantity)), general terms and conditions of the contract (applicable to this project), technical specifications, drawings, bidding requirements and formats, reference materials, etc.

Bidding documents are the basis of bidding preparation. Every staff member involved in bid preparation must read the bidding documents and relevant bidding materials in detail, fully understand the contents and requirements of the bidding documents, understand the location, scale, structural form and characteristics of the project, the construction environmental conditions and the key and difficult points of the construction, seriously understand the spirit of the owner and the designer's design intention, and fully and faithfully respond to the bidding documents and the requirements of the owner and designer in the bid preparation process.

You should read the bidding documents comprehensively and in detail, and record the existing questions, key points and difficulties, as well as the problems that need to be further implemented and clarified.

Second, inspect the site and attend the pre-bid meeting.

After the owner sells the bidding documents for a period of time, he will generally organize the bidders to conduct an inspection on the site and its surrounding environment, so that the bidders can understand or verify all the information required for the preparation of the bidding documents by themselves.

It is an important link to do a good job in bidding to inspect the site and fully grasp the location and surrounding environmental conditions of the project. The information learned and mastered through field survey includes: landform features of the construction site, rivers, hydro-climatic conditions, water and electricity consumption, access roads, traffic conditions, medical and health services, communications, ground materials and other building materials, local folk customs, people's feelings, socio-economic conditions and environment, etc.

Summarize and summarize the problems existing in the process of reading the bidding documents and inspecting the site, as well as the problems that need clarification and explanation by the owner or design unit, and submit them to the owner in writing within the specified time to seek clarification and reply from the owner, so as to better prepare the tender.

Attend the pre-bid meeting hosted by the owner. The purpose of the pre-bid meeting (i.e. the bid preparation meeting) is to clarify and answer any questions that the bidder may raise after reading the bidding documents and on-site inspection. At the pre-bid meeting, the owner will make some supplementary explanations, correct mistakes or have further specific requirements on the bidding documents, and will give a preliminary reply to the questions raised by the bidders together with the design unit or relevant units. After the meeting, the owner will send the contents of the pre-bid meeting to all bidders in the form of addendum books and answers. Addenda, Q&A and other formal and effective letters are all parts of the tender documents, which have the same status as other contents of the tender documents, and their contents and requirements must be completely and effectively implemented in the process of compiling the tender.

Third, the construction organization design scheme will be

Practical, reasonable and feasible construction organization design scheme is the basis of bidding with high quality and reasonable quotation, which often reflects the overall strength and construction level of our company, directly affects the bidding quality, plays a key role in winning the bid, and should be paid enough attention.

The construction organization design meeting shall be presided over by the director of the engineering department or the deputy chief engineer of the company, and the engineering department, development and operation center and relevant personnel must attend.

At the meeting, the person in charge of the construction team first introduced the general situation of the project, the requirements of the bidding documents, the site survey and the pre-bidding meeting, and then put forward the preliminary construction organization design scheme, pointing out its key points, difficulties and schemes that need to be discussed, determined or further optimized for the participants to discuss, compare, analyze and study, and finally form a unified and most reasonable construction organization design scheme. The scheme should be reasonable and optimized, fully respond to the requirements of the bidding documents, and closely follow the design or the owner's intention.

After the scheme is determined, it should be clearly understood by every bidder and implemented throughout the bidding process.

Calculate the quantities of temporary facilities according to the construction organization design scheme, including the materials, dosage, use time and turnover times of temporary works, and provide them to the development after being audited by the construction team leader or minister ... >>

What should I pay attention to when bidding?

In bidding practice, some bidders have repeatedly lost and fought, but they don't know why. The main reason for this phenomenon is the bidder's improper handling of details.

Details determine success or failure. Only by taking every detail of bidding seriously can we improve the winning rate.

Format of bidding documents

Including the preparation requirements, signing requirements, binding requirements, sealing requirements, etc.

Requirements for preparation of bidding documents. Tender documents usually consist of tender letter, appendix to tender letter, commercial tender, technical tender and qualification examination documents. Different bidding documents have similar composition to the bidding documents. Bidders should prepare bidding documents in accordance with the content, sequence and standard format required by the bidding documents, and cannot "take it for granted" to avoid the phenomena of missing items, wrong items and gilding the lily.

The contents required to be provided in the bidding documents should be clear and clear at a glance, so as to facilitate the review by the review committee. Some tender documents are allowed to submit other contents that the bidder thinks should be submitted except the information that the bidder must submit. This part is not the focus of the review Committee. If there are no special requirements in the tender documents, they should generally be attached to the end, and it is not appropriate to pretend to be the host in length.

Requirements for signing bidding documents. First of all, all the "signature seals", especially the tender letter and the appendix to the tender letter, should be stamped and signed as required; Secondly, we should pay attention to whether it is allowed to use other official seals such as "Special Seal for Bidding" instead of "Official Seal of Bidder", whether it is allowed to use seals instead of signatures, and whether "tab" is required.

Binding requirements of bidding documents. Some bidding documents require that the business bid and technical bid be bound in the same volume, while others require separate binding; Some tender documents prohibit binding tender documents with detachable tools.

Sealing requirements of bidding documents. Bidding documents usually require one original and multiple copies, but the sealing requirements for the original and the copies are different. Some tender documents require that the original and copy be sealed separately and then sealed into a package, some require that the original and copy be together, and some require that the tender letter be sealed separately. Some bidding documents require the outsourcing seal to be stamped with a "seal" seal, while others require the "bidder's official seal".

The above requirements are tedious but very important, which directly affect the effectiveness of the bidding documents and should be highly valued by bidders. Different bidding documents have different requirements for the above format, and bidders should not be careless in bidding every time, so as to avoid the consequences of "one careless move will lose the whole game".

Compilation of commercial tender documents for bidding documents

Usually, a business bid includes two parts: quotation and price. Bidders should closely focus on the bid evaluation method and comprehensively consider their own costs, market and other factors to determine the bidding strategy. Pay attention to the following points when quoting:

Use the strategy of low-price bidding with caution. According to relevant regulations, bidders are not allowed to bid at a price lower than the cost. In the process of bid evaluation, if the bid evaluation committee finds that the bidder's quotation is obviously lower than other bidding quotations, or obviously lower than the pre-tender estimate, so that its bidding quotation may be lower than its single cost, it shall require the bidder to make a written explanation and provide relevant certification materials. If the bidder fails to provide a reasonable explanation or relevant certification materials, the bid evaluation committee shall determine that the bid is lower than the cost, and its bid is invalid. Therefore, bidders should be cautious in using the ALT strategy. If the individual cost is lower than the social average cost, it is necessary to make a reasonable explanation in the bidding documents, provide relevant certification materials, and be fully prepared to respond to the query and clarification of the bid evaluation Committee, otherwise it may be invalid.

Quote in strict accordance with the tender list. Bidders should quote in strict accordance with the list of tender contents provided by the tenderer, and don't be "smart-ass". Some bidders deliberately make arithmetic mistakes such as "quantity × unit price > total price" and "item total > total" in order to improve the itemized quotation, in an attempt to get high marks and improve the quotation, but it is often "stealing chickens and not eating rice". The Interim Provisions on Bid Evaluation Committee and Bid Evaluation Method clearly stipulates that if the unit price quotation is inconsistent with the total price quotation, the unit price amount shall prevail; If the figure and the text amount are inconsistent, the text amount shall prevail. In addition, the evaluation committee may require the bidder to clarify the calculation errors in writing according to the above principles. If the bidder clarifies that it does not meet the above requirements, or refuses to clarify, it may reject its bid.

Fully calculate administrative related expenses. In order to prevent disorderly price reduction, some places stipulate that safety construction fees, environmental protection fees, civilized construction measures fees, quota measurement fees, taxes and other fees shall be calculated according to legal standards, and they shall not participate in profit-making, otherwise they will be invalid.

Compilation of technical targets of bidding documents

The preparation of technical targets should follow the principle of "feasibility, economy and advancement" and be organically linked with commercial targets. ......& gt& gt

What are the precautions in tender preparation?

Based on the failure lessons of some bidders in making tenders, bidders must pay enough attention to the following five aspects in the process of making tenders.

1, don't make a mistake in the bidding instructions.

Instructions to bidders are written instructions to remind bidders to give comprehensive and correct answers in bidding, which can be said to be the five internal organs of bidders (referring to the five internal organs of bidders such as heart, liver and kidney). Therefore, when bidding, bidders must repeatedly learn and understand the bidding instructions until they understand them. Otherwise, if you don't do it well, you will misunderstand the tender instructions and lead to the invalidation of the tender. For example, a tender announcement requires bidders to provide successful transaction records based on Websphete and Oracie big data rates in the past three years, while a bidder's last three years are understood as the last few years. The business record of successful transaction is understood as the successful development record of internal institutions, so that the formed tender violates the tender instructions and becomes a piece of waste paper.

2. Don't omit substantive requirements.

The Procurement Law, the Bidding Law, the Measures for the Administration of Bidding for Goods and Services and other laws and regulations all stipulate that the bidding documents should respond to the substantive requirements and conditions put forward in the bidding documents. This means that as long as the bidder fails to respond to a substantive requirement in the bidding documents, it will become an invalid bid. According to the provisions of the tender documents, bidders must meet five conditions. If Bidder E omits the business license requirements of the bidding goods, the Bidder must respond to the business license requirements of the goods; Bidder F omitted the response to the requirement that the bidder must obtain the authorization document of the invested equipment manufacturer, so both Bidder E and Bidder F will be eliminated due to this omission.

Don't ignore the important part.

Tender letter, project implementation plan, technical measures, after-sales service commitment, etc. Are important parts of the tender, but also a concrete manifestation of whether the bidder has competitive strength. If the bidder doesn't pay attention to these important parts and make a serious, detailed and perfect statement, it will make the bidder lose points in business bid, technical bid, reputation bid and so on, and finally fall out of the list. For example, if a bidder does not pay attention to writing a bid letter, it will not be able to fully reflect the company's value and performance in the bid letter. Even important awards (provincial excellent, municipal excellent, Luban award, etc.). ) and the large-scale important projects undertaken are not detailed in the tender letter, which cannot fully express the company's attention and sincerity to this tender project. For another example, some bidders do not pay attention to technical measures, ignoring the detailed introduction of resumes, achievements and the names of excellent equipment to be used in this project, so that they get low scores in these aspects and are eliminated.

4. Don't be careless about small projects

When bidding, some projects are very small and easy to do, but a little carelessness will affect the overall situation and lead to a total loss. These minor items are as follows: ① The tender is not sealed according to the relevant requirements of the tender documents; (2) Not fully stamped with the seal of the legal person or the authorized person, such as not signing and sealing every page of the tender, or not signing and sealing beside all important summary prices, or not putting the power of attorney in the tender; (3) The name of the bidder's unit or legal person is inconsistent with the registration license; (4) failing to fill in the legal registered address in the tender; (5) Failing to pay the bid bond within the specified time; ⑥ Incomplete information in the attachments of the tender, such as missing pages in the design drawings and missing items in relevant forms; ⑦ The handwriting of the tender is incorrect and illegible; ⑧ The book of tender is not neatly bound, or there is no directory or page number on the book of tender, or the binding of documents and materials is upside down.

5. Co-production should not be underestimated.

In actual bidding and purchasing, sometimes more than two suppliers will form a bidding consortium to bid as one bidder. In this way, bidding requires the cooperation of several suppliers. Anyone involved in co-production should not be underestimated. If everyone takes an indifferent attitude, there will be situations where you depend on him, he depends on you, and everyone is not serious and responsible, resulting in invalid goals.

For example, a large-scale project bidding, nine suppliers form a consortium to bid. Because everyone does not pay attention to the preparation of the tender, no one has asked the other party whether it meets the requirements stipulated in Article 34 of the Administrative Measures. All parties to the consortium shall meet the conditions stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 22 of the Procurement Law, that is, they have the ability to bear civil liabilities independently. ...& gt& gt

What problems should bidders pay attention to when compiling bidding documents?

The bidder shall prepare the bidding documents in accordance with the requirements of the bidding documents. The bidding documents shall respond to the substantive requirements and conditions put forward in the bidding documents.

Matters needing attention of bidders and bidding steps.

Bidding corresponds to bidding. Tender is a specific proposal for the bidder to conclude a contract according to the requirements of the tenderer, and it is an alternative scheme provided to the tenderer.

Bidding is divided into production and operation bidding and technical bidding. Bidding documents for production and operation include project bidding documents, contract bidding documents, product sales bidding documents and labor bidding documents; Technology bidding includes bidding for scientific research projects, technology introduction or technology transfer.

Writing method

1。 Title. Please indicate "Bid Application", "Bid Defense" or "Bid" in the middle of the bid title. 2。 Words. The body of the tender consists of the beginning and the body.

First of all, explain the basis and guiding ideology of bidding.

In the body part, the business philosophy and principles, business objectives, business measures, requirements, external conditions and other contents of the bid should be expressed concretely, completely and comprehensively, so as to make every effort to demonstrate closely, clearly and concisely.

3。 Signed it. Indicate the name of the bidder (or individual) and the bidding date.

Matters needing attention

The tender writing should be realistic, specific, clear, accurate and punctual.

Problems that bidders should pay attention to when bidding.

Article 28 of the Bidding Law stipulates that a bidder shall deliver the bid documents to the bidding place before the deadline for submission of bid documents. After receiving the tender documents, the tenderee shall sign and keep them, and shall not open them. If there are less than three bidders, the tenderer shall re-invite tenders in accordance with this Law. Tender documents delivered after the deadline for submission of tender documents required by the tender documents shall be rejected by the tenderer.

Submission of bid documents. The bidder must submit the bid documents within the specified time according to the place specified in the bidding documents. The best way to deliver the tender is to deliver it directly or through an agency, so as to obtain the receipt that the tendering agency has received the tender.

The tender documents usually contain the time and place of submitting the tender, and the bidder cannot send the tender documents to places other than the places specified in the tender documents. If the bidder delays the bidding time due to the wrong place to submit the tender, it will be considered invalid and rejected.

If mailing is adopted, the bidder must set aside mailing time to ensure that the bidding documents can reach the place designated by the tenderer before the deadline. Not "postmark". Bidding documents delivered after the deadline, that is, the bid validity period has passed, the tenderer shall return them intact and shall not enter the bid opening stage.

Sign and save the bidding documents. After receiving the tender, the tenderer shall sign for it and shall not open it. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of bidders, the tenderee must complete the procedures of receiving, registering and filing. The signatory shall record the submission date and place of the bid documents and the sealing conditions. After signing, the signatory shall keep all the submitted bidding documents in a confidential and safe place, and no one may open the bidding documents.

In order to ensure full competition, if there are less than three bidders, the tender should be re-invited. This situation is called "Liu Biao" abroad. According to international practice, at least three bidders can bring effective competition, because two bidders participate in bidding and lack competition, and bidders may raise the purchase price and harm the interests of the tenderee.

How to make bidding documents

Generally, the format will be given in the tender documents, just fill in the format directly, and then add some contents that need to be provided in the tender documents. It should be noted that the qualifications required in the document must be provided (generally marked with *), otherwise it will be invalid. The tender is divided into two parts: business and technology. The general sequence of tender documents is as follows: bid letter opening list, bid project quotation list, goods description list, technical specification deviation list, business clause deviation list, power of attorney of legal representative, bidder qualification statement, qualification documents (company qualification, etc.). ), after-sales service and so on. Basically, fill in the blanks. The most basic bids put together are successful.

What are the precautions when writing a tender?

The tender must be written in accordance with the tender documents, especially the invalid items and scoring items should be clearly seen.

What problems should be paid attention to when submitting bidding documents?

A, pay attention to the requirements in the tender documents such as time limit for a project quality and technical standards and other substantive content to make a comprehensive and specific response.

Second, pay attention to the legal representative's requirements for the signature and official seal of the corresponding part of the bidding documents.

3. The tender documents shall not be bound with loose-leaf pages, and the number of copies and copies shall be provided as required.

Four, according to the requirements of the tender documents sealed packaging.

What problems should be paid attention to in the bidding process?

What problems should be paid attention to in the bidding process? -Especially for some procurement personnel without specialized agencies or professionals, we should give full play to the advantages of professional procurement agencies and professionals to ensure the procurement personnel. In addition to introducing the procurement laws and regulations, bidding process, commercial terms, contract format and time requirements to the procurement personnel, we should also cooperate with and assist the procurement personnel to complete a high-quality technical requirement. Good technical requirements are a good start to ensure the smooth completion of the bidding process and the smooth implementation of the project. The author thinks that the basic requirements for writing the technical requirements book are: 1, the overall planning of the project, the realization goal, the existing environment and the interface relationship with the original system and equipment. 2, the technical specifications and parameters of the main equipment (can't contain tendentious and discriminatory indicators and parameters, can't specify the brand and model). 3. Project after-sales service requirements (free warranty period, response time, etc.). 4, the intellectual property rights of the system, the right to use and ownership of the results should be clear. 5, system acceptance methods and standards also need to be determined in advance. Set a reasonable threshold to ensure fairness and justice: * * The most basic principle of procurement is openness, fairness and justice, and the first step to achieve fairness and justice is to require the tender documents to be fair and just. I think the most important thing is to pay attention to the following points: 1, set a reasonable threshold (entry qualification). For example, the total budget of the project is only 6.5438 million yuan, but the supplier is required to have the first-class certificate of computer information system integration qualification or its registered capital is required to reach more than 20 million yuan; Or ordinary projects, but the supplier must have the qualification of computer information system integration involving state secrets. These are unreasonable and unfair requirements for suppliers. 2. There should be no tendentious and discriminatory indicators, parameters and requirements in the technical requirements, and the technical parameters should be fair and just, in line with the general indicators of mainstream products. 3. Project splitting should be reasonable. For example, a large project of tens of millions of yuan can be divided into hardware (network, host, storage, etc. ) and software (system software, tool software, application software, etc. ) according to the professional characteristics, but the purchaser requires that they be tied together, so that only a limited number of suppliers can participate. In addition, although the project is not big, it is not suitable to be tied together because it contains more content and involves multiple majors. 4. Publish the budget as appropriate. There are two situations in which the budget should be announced. First, in the case that the project is complex and the demand is not particularly clear (because the functional grades and prices of IT products are quite different, the published budget can meet the needs of buyers within limited funds), and the most value-for-money system can be obtained at the same price; Second, in the case that some suppliers already know the project budget, for the sake of fairness, simply publish it. What needs special emphasis is that what is announced here is the project budget, not the pre-tender estimate. Technical parameters should be fair, and there should be no tendency to invite tenders: Article 22 of the Procurement Law stipulates that "suppliers shall not be treated differently or discriminated against under unreasonable conditions" and Article 25 stipulates that "other suppliers shall not be excluded from competition by any means". However, in the process of bidding, we often encounter tendentious, discriminatory indicators or other exclusive situations put forward by buyers, which will not only affect the image of * * * procurement, but also affect the process of * * * procurement. I think tendentious tenders can be divided into two categories: one is that there are specific parameters, but the parameters are exclusive; Although the other category does not mention specific parameters and indicators, it can still be seen between the lines that it is biased towards some suppliers. The first category can be divided into two situations. First, the specific handling personnel of the purchaser do not understand the technical indicators of the purchased items, but according to the relevant regulations, the purchaser is required to provide technical parameters and indicators (not to mention the specific brand and model), so refer to the indicators of a certain model and copy them; In the second case, the purchaser has the specific model of the purchased goods and has even contacted the supplier (when applying for budget, the application is subject to the supplier's quotation). The first situation often occurs in simple commodities or commodities with small unit price, and the parameters and indicators are not complicated. & gt

Matters needing attention in bidding

The problems that bidders should pay attention to when bidding Article 28 of the Bidding Law stipulates that bidders shall deliver the bidding documents to the bidding place before the deadline for submitting the bidding documents. After receiving the tender documents, the tenderee shall sign and keep them, and shall not open them. If there are less than three bidders, the tenderer shall re-invite tenders in accordance with this Law. Tender documents delivered after the deadline for submission of tender documents required by the tender documents shall be rejected by the tenderer. Submission of bid documents. The bidder must submit the bid documents within the specified time according to the place specified in the bidding documents. The best way to deliver the tender is to deliver it directly or through an agency, so as to obtain the receipt that the tendering agency has received the tender. Tender documents usually contain the time and place of submission of tenders. A bidder shall not send the bidding documents to a place other than the place specified in the bidding documents. If the bidder delays the bidding time due to the wrong place to submit the tender, it will be regarded as invalid and rejected. If mailing is adopted, the bidder must set aside mailing time to ensure that the bidding documents can reach the place designated by the tenderer before the deadline. Not "postmark". Bidding documents delivered after the deadline, that is, the bid validity period has passed, the tenderer shall return them intact and shall not enter the bid opening stage. Sign and save the bidding documents. After receiving the tender, the tenderer shall sign for it and shall not open it. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of bidders, the tenderee must complete the procedures of receiving, registering and filing. The signatory shall record the submission date and place of the bid documents and the sealing conditions. After signing, the signatory shall keep all the submitted bidding documents in a confidential and safe place, and no one may open the bidding documents. In order to ensure full competition, if there are less than three bidders, the tender should be re-invited. This situation is called "Liu Biao" abroad. According to international practice, at least three bidders can bring effective competition, because two bidders participate in bidding and lack competition, and bidders may raise the purchase price and harm the interests of the tenderee. 1, whether the cover format is consistent with the format required by the tender documents, and whether there are typos in the text printing. 2. Bid cover and mileage are consistent with the bidding period and mileage. 3. Whether the enterprise legal person or entrusted agent signs or seals according to the regulations, whether the official seal of the unit is affixed according to the regulations, and whether the name of the tendering unit is consistent with the name of the unit at the time of qualification examination. 4. Whether the bidding date is correct. 5. Whether the contents of the directory are consistent with the requirements of the tender documents from order to text. 6. Whether the catalog number, page number and title are consistent with the content number, page number (content home page) and title. 7, the tender format, blocks, mileage is in accordance with the provisions of the tender documents, the name of the construction unit and the name of the tenderer is correct. 8. Whether the quotation amount is consistent with the "Summary Table of Bid Quotation", "Summary Table of Bid Quotation" and "Comprehensive Quotation Table", whether the case is consistent, and whether the quotation amount of international standard Chinese and English tenders is consistent. 9. Whether the construction period shown in the tender meets the requirements of the tender documents. 10, whether the tender is stamped with the official seal as required. 1 1. Whether the legal representative or entrusted agent signs or seals as required. 12, whether the tender date is correct and consistent with the cover. 13. Whether the statement to modify the quotation is the same as the tender. 14. Is the price reduction letter bound according to the requirements of the bidding documents or delivered separately? 15, whether the power of attorney, bank guarantee and credit certificate are filled in the format required by the tender documents. 16. Whether the signatures or seals of the above three legal persons are correct. 17, whether the signature or seal of the entrusted agent is correct. 18. Whether the date of the power of attorney is correct. 19. Whether the delegated authority meets the requirements of the tender documents should be stamped with the official seal of the unit and improved. 20. Whether the credit amount in the credit certificate meets the express requirements of the owner, and if the owner has no express requirements, whether it meets a certain proportion of the total bid price. 2 1, the quotation preparation description should meet the requirements of the tender documents, concise and appropriate. 22, whether the quotation form format meets the requirements of the tender documents, subtitle sorting is correct. 23. Whether the quotation forms such as "Summary of Bid Quotation", "Summary of Bid Quotation" and "Comprehensive Quotation Form" are filled in according to the provisions of the tender documents, and whether the preparer, reviewer and bidder sign and seal as required. 24. Whether the figures in "Summary of Bidding Quotation" and "Summary of Bidding Quotation" are consistent and whether there are arithmetic errors. 25. Whether the figures in "Summary Table of Bidding Quotation" and "Comprehensive Quotation Table" are consistent and whether there are arithmetic errors. 26. Whether the unit price of the "comprehensive quotation sheet" is consistent with the indicators of the "single budget sheet" and whether there is any arithmetic error. Pay special attention to whether the cost of the "comprehensive quotation sheet" is complete, especially when it changes back and forth. 2......& gt& gt