First, adjust the economic structure. This is the main line of economic development for a long time to come. Through the adjustment of economic structure, China's economic development will reach a new level, not just the low-level expansion of GDP. Industrial restructuring is the main content of current economic restructuring. The development of technology and economy in China is unbalanced, and the adjustment of industrial structure needs to deal with two relations: one is the relationship between developing emerging industries and transforming traditional industries with new technologies, and the other is the relationship between developing capital-technology-intensive industries and developing labor-intensive industries.
Second, accelerate the process of urbanization. Rural economic development has both short-term and long-term problems. Since the 1990s, there have been two basic situations: first, the average annual growth rate of grain output is obviously higher than the population growth rate; Second, the per capita food consumption of urban and rural residents declined. This has brought unprecedented difficulties to the sales of agricultural products. At present, many agricultural products are higher than the international market price, so it is difficult to increase farmers' income by raising the prices of agricultural products. The output per unit area of China's agriculture is not low, and the fundamental reason for not making money from growing grain is that there are too many people and too few people, making it difficult to achieve large-scale operation. It is difficult for farmers to get rich simply by farming. There are a large number of surplus laborers in rural areas, coupled with the seasonal characteristics of agriculture, many places are "one month for the New Year, three months for farming, and eight months for gambling". Township enterprises are an important source for farmers to increase their income. Non-agricultural income accounts for an increasing proportion of farmers' income, but many township enterprises are facing overproduction and sales difficulties. The low-level scale expansion in the initial stage can no longer adapt to the changes in market demand. Structural adjustment and technological progress should include township enterprises. In the long run, the fundamental solution to rural problems depends on industrialization and urbanization, and on the transfer of a large number of agricultural population to non-agricultural industries. It can be said that the most difficult point of China's industrialization and modernization is not in the cities, but in the vast rural areas; The starting point of China's industrialization and modernization is the city, and the final destination is the countryside. This is the most difficult task in the process of China's modernization. Promoting urbanization is the fundamental problem of China's economic development in 2 1 century. In order to promote urbanization, the policy of restricting farmers from entering cities for a long time needs to be changed, and at the same time, it is necessary to improve the system, strengthen management and maintain social stability.
Third, the development of the western region. Unbalanced regional economic development is a universal law. In the history of China for thousands of years, regional development is unbalanced. Whether in the east or in the west, the gap between provinces, autonomous regions, cities and counties is widening, which is an urgent problem to be solved in the economic development of various places. Regional economic policy should emphasize two overall situations. Allowing some areas to get rich first is the overall situation, and this policy should be adhered to. Implementing the strategy of developing the western region is not to relax or delay the development of the eastern region. The development of the eastern region was and will remain an extremely important financial, material and technical force to support the overall situation of the national economy for a long time to come, and it is also a condition to support and accelerate the development of the western region. The eastern region still has great development potential. It is also an overall situation to implement the strategy of developing the western region and realize regional coordinated development and prosperity. If the western region does not realize modernization, there will be no national modernization.
Fourth, achieve sustainable development. This is a major problem in the world. In the new stage of development, sustainable development should be placed in a prominent position. Pay attention to population and environmental problems. The population problem is a special problem in the economic development of China. The population problem used to be two sentences: controlling population and improving population quality. It's time to add: pay attention to the problem of aging. At present, the population over 60 in China accounts for 10%. Under the condition of small population base and developed economy, western countries have experienced aging after long-term development, but they still encounter many problems. Under the condition of underdeveloped economy and large population base, it is difficult for China to enter an aging society in a short time. Aging will bring about the problem of "fewer people born, more people eat", so it is necessary to plan corresponding measures and improve the social security system.
Environmental protection is the need to improve the quality of life. Environmental protection can promote the technological transformation of enterprises, promote the adjustment of industrial structure, form an environmental industry and become a new economic growth point. The environmental deterioration in China has not been fundamentally reversed. Now that we have solved the problem of food and clothing, we should pay more attention to environmental problems. According to the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the economy will increase by about 50% in 2005, and the total discharge of major pollutants will decrease by 10% compared with 2000. Economically developed countries began to control the environment when the per capita income was 2000 dollars, while China began to control environmental pollution on a large scale when the per capita income was less than 800 dollars, which was more difficult and required long-term efforts.
Fifth, improve the market economic system. At present, the market economic system is only "initially" established, that is to say, it has a prototype and a big framework, and there are still many imperfections and imperfections. It is still necessary to emphasize institutional innovation and provide institutional guarantee for economic development through deepening reform. China's accession to the WTO marks a new stage of economic system reform in China, that is, the stage of establishing a relatively perfect socialist market economic system in line with the rules of the international market economy. Institutional innovation is an indispensable part of China's modernization.
Sixth, develop an open economy. China's international economic environment and foreign economic relations have undergone profound changes. Mainly economic globalization and China's opening to the outside world. Economic globalization is a trend, which is intertwined with the complex interests and fierce competition of various countries and is bound to go through many twists and turns. The consequences are both positive and negative. Further integration into the process of economic globalization is the condition for realizing modernization, but China is backward in economy and technology and faces great pressure in the competition with developed countries. Joining WTO will bring new opportunities to China's economy, which is a very challenging opportunity. The challenges we face are also challenges with development opportunities. Joining WTO is only to get admission tickets and qualifications, and the key is to improve the competitiveness of our economy.
Seventh, improve people's living standards. We should properly handle the relationship between national construction and people's lives, and give consideration to the national economy and people's livelihood in the relationship between accumulation and consumption; In social policy, we should pay attention to adjusting social distribution and solving the employment problem. China is facing heavy employment pressure. In the next five years, 40 million new jobs will be created in cities and towns, and 40 million agricultural laborers will be transferred to non-agricultural industries. To achieve this goal, there will still be more than1200 million unemployed people in cities and towns, and there will still be more than100 million surplus labor in rural areas. Actively expanding employment is a basic policy that needs long-term adherence. The shortage of commodities in China market has ended, and now the supply exceeds the demand. Without the improvement of the income and consumption level of urban and rural residents, it is impossible to open the domestic market and maintain economic growth. Further news: According to China's national policy, the national policy has tended to develop service industry and high-tech industry. Judging from the economic development history of developed countries and regions such as the United States, Europe and America, these developed countries initially developed coarse-grained production industries, then developed service industries and high-tech industries with higher production profits, and transferred those labor-intensive industries and high-pollution industries out of their own countries. The development of a country is like the growth of a person. Developing countries will have the same or similar experiences as developed countries. Just like a person has to go to school, work, find a partner, get married and have children. Generation after generation, they do basically the same thing, but in different ways. A country also has things to do, each stage is different, and developing China countries will have similar experiences with developed countries. Therefore, I think the future development trend of China's economy is to develop tertiary industry and high-tech industry. He specifically includes tourism, catering industry and Internet industry. Here, especially in the Internet industry, it has the characteristics of convenience, wide coverage and timely information. On the Internet, you can not only complete the transaction and find a job, but also participate in the virtual community, make online friends, find your beloved object and so on. So people who want to start a business now can seriously consider this factor. For example, running a website and a forum are all good choices.