Ma Yun once said that to build a new company from scratch, he might choose agriculture. Jim rogers, a world-class investment guru, shouted: In the next twenty years, the most profitable thing is not to do real estate, but to be a farmer. So, what new agricultural models are worth paying attention to in the future?

Since the development of primitive society, agriculture is no longer synonymous with land, farmers and food crops in the traditional sense, and farmers' planting methods and management methods are no longer blind farming.

The society is developing and the times are changing.

The new agricultural model is expected to replace the original traditional model and change the agriculture in China in the future.

Customized agriculture

Ma Yun once had an idea about agriculture: the future agriculture is data agriculture, customized agriculture and intelligent agriculture.

So, what is "customized agriculture"?

"Customized agriculture" takes green organic agricultural products as the carrier and uses membership system to expand users. This is an agricultural model that meets the new demand. Its selling point is not only agricultural products, but also attracts people in the city to experience, sightseeing and consume, and it is deeply integrated with tourism, pension and culture to promote rural revitalization.

Its core points include:

1, urban consumers become members of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises;

2, small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises in accordance with the agreed production and timely distribution of agricultural and sideline products;

3. The combination of agriculture and tourism. Members can come to the farm regularly to experience farming life, both as consumers and producers.

Customized agriculture is just emerging in China. In fact, customized agriculture is very popular abroad, and there are very successful cases in Germany, France and Israel.

For example, Ofir Elasar, the leader of Israel, does business with more than 30 countries, and their business magic weapon is to customize fruits and vegetables. The company introduces different watermelon products according to consumers' preferences and habits. Large watermelons, small watermelons, salads with beautiful colors, watermelons with thin skin and thick flesh, watermelons with long shelf life, and even watermelons with orange peel ... Catch consumers' eyes through customized agricultural models.

We can find that foreign customized agriculture is technology-oriented, while China's customized agriculture is marketing-oriented. Therefore, different positioning will inevitably lead to different business models.

Adoption agriculture

Adoption agriculture is a kind of order agriculture, which coincides with the concept of customized agriculture. Simply put, farmers leave the land, and adopters pay to grow the products they want.

For example, Kezuohou Banner, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, the "hometown of cattle", relies on the unique animal husbandry resources of Horqin Grassland to develop adopted agriculture. Consumers subscribe for scalpers through e-commerce, which are jointly raised by e-commerce and farmers, and e-commerce provides trading platforms and after-sales guarantee services.

The e-commerce platform supervises the process of farmers' breeding. Consumers can check the growth of all cattle through real-time supervision of e-commerce. After the cattle are slaughtered, e-commerce is responsible for providing services such as slaughter inspection, quarantine, segmentation, packaging and distribution. Consumers can check the feeding situation of subscribed cows in real time, and they can also visit farmers' homes at any time to experience the fun of feeding themselves.

The adoption of the model has brought positive changes to agriculture;

First, planting is transparent to ensure food safety. Users can monitor and supervise their own "one acre and three points" in the whole process, track the planting and production process of pollution-free and nutritious green agricultural products, and solve the industry pain point of opaque traditional agriculture.

Second, agricultural products are not sold and directly connected to consumers. "Adoption agriculture" allows consumers and farmers to contact directly, and the two sides sign contracts to realize seamless docking from the field to the dining table, which greatly reduces the risk of unsalable sales, saves intermediate links and significantly improves farmers' profits.

The third is to take risks and enjoy the benefits. Before farmers cultivate land, consumers need to pay a deposit in advance, and farmers produce according to their needs. If there are natural risks in the production process, the deposit will not be refunded. In this form of cooperation, farmers have the reassurance of taking money first and then producing.

The fourth is the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries to increase income sources. "Adoption agriculture" takes urban residents as its target customers and experiences and interactive projects as its selling points, and integrates and packages characteristic agricultural products, tourist attractions and style homestays, and then sells them in packages, thus promoting the deep integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

"Adoption agriculture" is still in its infancy in China. On the one hand, enterprises represented by dairy enterprises "adopting a cow" have flourished. On the other hand, there are also problems such as imperfect rural infrastructure and serious waste of vegetables and fruits that are not picked.

* * * Enjoy agriculture

China's agriculture has been strongly supported by the government. In 20 18, the Ministry of Finance issued the Notice on Launching the Pilot Work of Rural Complex Construction, and 18 provinces successively launched the pilot work of rural complex construction. Among them, Hainan, as one of the pilot provinces, proposed to build an idyllic complex and beautiful countryside with the development of "enjoying farms" as the starting point.

There are six common modes of "* * * enjoying agriculture":

* * * Enjoy agricultural machinery. Agricultural machinery operators lease machinery to farmers and gain certain wealth, which not only solves the problems from planting and management to harvesting and transportation for farmers, but also creates value for agricultural machinery operators, making full use of idle agricultural machinery, killing two birds with one stone.

* * * Enjoy agricultural science and technology. Gather farmers who know technology together and teach farmers who don't know technology to implement it, so as to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results.

* * * Enjoy the labor force. According to the seasonal law of busy and idle seasons in agriculture, we can realize the pattern of farming in busy seasons and working in cities in leisure. In addition, the cooperation between large grain growers and left-behind women not only avoids the phenomenon that large grain growers can't recruit people during the busy farming season, but also gives left-behind women an extra income.

* * * Enjoy the farm. On the premise of not changing the ownership of farmers' friends, we will transform rural idle houses into one room, one hospital and one place, and transform them into various modes of rural life, holiday health care, cultural and creative industries as needed, and connect with the demand of urban rental housing through the Internet, forming a "win-win" situation for the government, collective economic organizations, farmers and urban consumers.

* * * Enjoy rural storage. Through * * * sharing mode, rural storage can be activated, storage utilization rate can be improved, and problems such as agricultural product storage and agricultural product safety can be solved for farmers.

* * * Enjoy mode mainly makes profits by selling products, leasing, capital operation, and agricultural travel. Among them, the capital operation is similar to the * * * bike-sharing model. The platform is made into a pool of funds to concentrate money and resources, and then cash flow is guaranteed through capital operation.

For example, a big farmer keeps 5000 pigs. If you adopt a pig at 1000 yuan, you will have 5 million yuan in cash. Large farmers can use this 5 million to invest in other projects, thus achieving wealth growth.

Creative agriculture

In recent years, there has been a constant policy warm wind blowing to creative agriculture. 20 16-20 18 For three consecutive years, creative agriculture was mentioned in the No.1 document of the Central Committee.

The National Rural Industry Development Plan (2020-2025) issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in July this year requires "promoting industrial integration through functional expansion, promoting the integration of agriculture with culture, tourism, education, leisure and other industries, and developing creative agriculture and functional agriculture." In addition, the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs mentioned in the Guiding Opinions on Social Capital Investing in Agriculture and Rural Areas that "social capital is encouraged to develop industries such as leisure agriculture, rural tourism, catering and lodging, creative agriculture, farming experience, and health care bases".

Creative agriculture rose in developed countries in the late 1990s. The exploration and practice of creative agriculture in Britain, the Netherlands, Japan and other countries show that the use of creative means such as science and technology, culture and art to develop creative agriculture can effectively enhance the added value of traditional agriculture and its derivative agricultural products, optimize the allocation of rural resources and enhance the competitiveness of the agricultural market.

In addition to creative agricultural products, there are three main types of creative agriculture abroad:

1, farmland landscape

Farmland landscape creativity is to use colorful crops to form a beautiful landscape in a larger space through design and collocation, and to combine agricultural productivity and aesthetics to become an organic combination of production, life and ecology. There are two kinds of ideas abroad, one is to create a magnificent flower field landscape with flowers, and the other is to create artistic patterns in farmland.

The flower field landscape is represented by the spring flower sea in Holland and the lavender flower sea in France. There are three kinds of farm art patterns. One is crop circles in Britain, the other is rice field art in Japan, and the third is corn maze in America.

2. Agricultural theme parks

Through the overall design of specific agricultural themes, agricultural theme parks combine agricultural production sites (including the display of new varieties and new technologies), agricultural products consumption sites and leisure tourism sites according to the park's management ideas, fully explore and display agricultural theme culture, create a unique experience space, and make tourists have a one-stop tour experience, with dual functions of leisure, entertainment and education popularization. The most successful innovation of foreign agricultural theme parks is Keukenhof Park in the Netherlands.

3. Agricultural festivals

Agricultural festivals are developed by relying on local leading industries and integrating farming culture and folk customs into traditional festivals or theme celebrations. They promote the development of tourism, exhibition, trade and culture through agricultural festivals, which is a kind of creativity of "building a stage for agriculture, singing opera economically and inheriting culture".

Agricultural festivals are creative agriculture that combines experience and consumption, and often have many functions such as eating, playing, appreciating and teaching, among which the leisure and entertainment functions such as eating and playing are particularly significant. Representatives include the Dutch Tulip Festival, the French Lavender Festival, the American Strawberry Festival and the Japanese Agricultural Fashion Show.

Agriculture is the foundation of the country and the basic industry of the country. The new agricultural model is bound to be a new agricultural development road, which will make agriculture full of infinite possibilities.

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