Keywords: Guanzhong; traditional village culture; landscape; environmental art design; protection
With the improvement of people's material standard of living, people's demand for environmental needs has changed, landscape environmental technology design and protection in order to meet the requirements of people's living environment, in line with the development of the times on the basis of the development of the traditional culture of the emphasis on the development and protection. Because the village is one of the most concentrated and relatively well-preserved places of traditional culture. Landscape environmental art design implementation of the protection of traditional villages, lies in the protection of excellent cultural elements in the village, the development of art design features.
At present, China's new rural construction has two modes of new construction and expansion, where there is human activity, there is traditional culture, village construction is no exception. The traditional culture of different villages due to the natural environment, climate, production and lifestyle differences, showing the characteristics are not the same, in the village construction and reconstruction of the village, from the environmental art design profession, to create harmony between the village environment, the natural environment and humanities, reflecting the unique characteristics of the village culture, but also to allow the construction and reconstruction of the village can be a healthy survival and development of different types and modes of cultural [1] and cultural [2] and cultural [3] and cultural [4] and cultural [5] and cultural [6] and cultural [7]. and modes of culture [1].
1 ? Guanzhong traditional village culture development background
From the economic development, Guanzhong region is not very developed, there are even most of the villages in the economy is relatively backward, according to the current pace of economic development, which in a long time will remain in this backward situation. As of 2017, China's Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and others have rated 4,153 traditional villages on four separate occasions, of which more than 70 villages in Shaanxi have been selected. Containing ancient villages such as Dangjia Village, Xizhuang Town, Hancheng City, Yuanjia Village, Yixia Town, Liquan County, Xianyang City, and Yaotou Village, Yaotou Town, Chengcheng County, Weinan City, all of these villages are better inheriting the local traditional creation styles and folk customs and traditions, and on the basis of the combination of policy guidance and market development, the traditional villages are more focusing on the construction of the cultural value and their own productivity, and through the research on the environment of Guanzhong, the traditional villages' cultural construction will inevitably show new vigor [2].
2 The significance of the combination of traditional village culture and landscape environmental art design
2.1 is the need for optimization and upgrading of traditional culture
"Strengthening the protection of traditional villages and promoting excellent traditional culture" is not only a strong advocate of the national policy, but also an important content of the construction of a strong cultural country. Development of village culture, promote the region to build a moderately prosperous society needs. Many of the traditional villages in Guanzhong still mainly cultivate the land. These villages that follow the traditional way of labor cannot be compared with the highly intensive agricultural production of large enterprises, so the economic level is relatively backward, making some village farmers can only maintain a low level of life.
Therefore, the optimization and upgrading of traditional village culture is the way to develop the regional economy. In the past, there were many land development projects in Guanzhong villages, but some of them did not combine the cultural characteristics of traditional villages, making it difficult to develop according to local conditions. The optimization and upgrading of traditional village culture is the maximization of the social and economic value of village construction and land development, which is important for maintaining the sustainable development of traditional culture [3].
[if !supportLists]1.1?[endif]It is the need for the development of peri-urban tourism and folk culture? The most effective way to develop the folk culture of traditional villages is peri-urban tourism, a type of tourism that regards traditional villages as rural tourism destinations. As early as ?2014, this kind of tourism project appeared in Guanzhong, allowing people to take short-term, folk self-driving tours around the central city, away from urban life, to feel the history and culture and return to nature. Because more and more people now have no time for long-distance travel, the Guanzhong region has a rich and diverse folk culture, traditional village rural tourism to meet its needs - yearning for the idyllic, decompression and free life, to achieve the comprehensive utilization of ancient village resources, Guanzhong region is currently a stage of the development of the hotspot, and the local characteristics of the resources combined with the folk culture and the Village construction, the folk culture into the village Luo construction, to create a distinctive characteristics of the traditional village rural tourism products [4].
Take Yuanjia Village, Yanxia Town, Liquan County, Xianyang City, for example, as early as the end of the 1970s, Yuanjia Village is the development of food production, but this is only to solve the problem of food; until the 21st century 80's, the reform and opening up of Yuanjia Village, according to the conditions of the village, began to develop the village's collective economy, to create a "fruit income + wage income + village collective dividends "New model. According to statistics: 2000 Yuanjia Village per capita income reached 8600 yuan, the collective capital accumulated 180 million yuan. However, slowly with the decline in the efficiency of the fruit industry and aquaculture, the development of Yuanjia Village was challenged, when they began to pay attention to the culture of the village, and successively built the old street of Kangzhuang, the Tang Bao Ning Temple, snack street, bar street, ancestral temple street, Hui Min street, and Shuyuan street, etc., and created the Guanzhong impression of the experience with the organic integration of ecological, folklore, and cultural relics resources.In 2019, Yuanjia Village received more than 6 million visitors, and the annual per capita income of more than 100,000 yuan, and total tourism revenue of more than 1 billion yuan[5].
Yuanjia Village, Yixia Town, Liquan County, Xianyang City, fully recognizes the advantages of this unique resource, to promote cultural development, in-depth excavation and make full use of cultural resources, to cultivate the "Yuanjia Village Guanzhong Impression" cultural brand, the protection of Yuanjia Village folk relics, the Ming and Qing Dynasties ancient residential houses are of great significance. In addition, the traditional culture of Yuanjiacun undertakes social functions such as national cultural industry demonstration base and patriotism education base, and on the basis of protecting, inheriting and developing the colorful folk culture of Shaanxi, it has also done what it can to serve the society, educate the people and pass on the culture to improve the viewer's moral sentiments, knowledge and learning, and the ability of aesthetics, and has become a "big school" to improve the moral sentiments, knowledge and learning, and the ability of aesthetics of viewers. "Big School", become a spiritual treasure trove to construct the Chinese spirit, Chinese values, Chinese power, Chinese dream.
3 ? Guanzhong traditional village culture Into the landscape environmental art design and protection of ways and means
3.1 ?Village space design elements are the form of traditional village culture carrier
The safety principle of environmental art design is is the basic human demand, urban theory that: space design is more than a simple combination, more present the designer's thoughts and aspirations,. In the environmental art design, the traditional village cultural analysis as a birth point, reflecting the unique local history and culture, conveying the designer's thoughts and aspirations, and then to protect the safety of human existence. On the other hand, to realize the overall integration of architecture and environment, the space design of folk village not only carries the role of village residents' memories and feelings for tradition and history, beautifying the countryside, and changing the living environment of villagers, but also demonstrates the integration of integrated design techniques in architectural form, indoor scenery and landscape performance, and is subjected to another form of protection and inheritance under the pursuit of culture by tourists. In the folk village construction, this is also an important aspect of the design concept reflects the human subjectivity [6].
3.2 Design approach of folk village space
The cultural protection of traditional villages is a very challenging but arduous, urgent and far-reaching work, about how to integrate folk culture into spatial design, the folk culture elements are precisely an important part of the village design, and the protection and development of traditional villages should adhere to the principle of equal importance to the protection and development of traditional villages, and after many rich theoretical research and project practice of the predecessor, on the Guanzhong traditional village culture design elements in the application of environmental art design, explored the design of folk village space, and actively promote the integration of culture and rural industry development,
3.2.1 Original Scene Reproduction
The traditional villages are one of the unique forms of the historical and cultural heritage, and the diversity of folk culture is the basis of the history of the cultural Difference. Original scene reproduction is an important way to do a good job of traditional village historical and cultural heritage and heritage of humanities, reflecting the authenticity of culture and differences. In the folk village design, do a good job of ancient architecture "revitalization" article. Combined with the traditional village culture in Guanzhong, follow the principle of authenticity, in modern environmental art design to create naturalized space, maximize its original reproduction, closer to the distance between the residents and nature, on the one hand, can save energy, on the other hand, can be protected to show the traditional culture in the rare craft [7].
Handicrafts, folk art, for example, environmental art design combined with village functions and facilities to accentuate the essence of folk culture flavor, in the spiritual, social and material embodiment of Guanzhong folk culture, the same expression of the characteristics of the folk culture nodes to form an organic whole, to maximize the maintenance of sustainable development of the natural environment [8].
3.2.2 Extraction combination
In the specific design, advocate and lead the folk customs and folklore, the extraction and decomposition of cultural elements, is an important force in the construction of rural rituals and traditions, through the application of traditional village cultural elements, through the design of the aesthetic perspective of the folk culture elements of the symbolic treatment of the design of the space to find more natural charisma to the design of the object to be expression of the function, extract the combination of folk culture symbols, the same expression characteristics of the folk culture nodes for normative expression, so that people can get a good environmental experience at the same time, but also indirectly protect the Guanzhong region people live in the small circle and ecological environment.
3.2.3 Forms of conversion
With the improvement of people's quality of life, traditional villages in the production and lifestyle, value orientation and spiritual pursuit of a comprehensive change in the design and protection of environmental art concepts aimed at realizing the sustainable development of architecture and the environment, Guanzhong, the diversity of folk culture and the functional positioning of the village of the folk village for the development of traditional villages in the countryside tourism has an obvious role. On the one hand, it has a positive significance for the protection of traditional villages, displaying the design style of environmental art design, converting different elements in each category into forms, so that people can re-recognize the value of traditional villages; on the other hand, it is impossible to express the various folk culture symbols completely as they are, and what is highlighted is the Guanzhong village cultural merits of the design itself, which is expressed through the form of another element, and it plays a positive role in promoting the economic development of the traditional villages. Economic development to play a positive role in promoting the expression of new styles that suit the local staggered environment to enhance people's awareness of protection [8].
3.2.4 Explanation of sublimation
In recent years, Shaanxi Province is vigorously constructing the "Silk Road Chinese Folk Culture Corridor", the village construction project has also been a certain amount of attention and attention to the overall planning and construction of folk museums, exhibition halls, memorials, style parks, as well as a variety of characteristics of the folk town. However, the village construction project must have overall guiding principles, Guanzhong region folk village project overall positioning for folk culture tourism, in environmental art design and protection, planning, design, construction and later operation of all aspects of the project, relying on these projects, with a point string line, with a line with the surface of the village design, so that it has a unified overall expression of the existing Guanzhong folk cultural heritage are protected and promoted, Inheritance, the scattered cultural symbols, forms of expression, etc., for specific connotation interpretation, so that the theme of Shaanxi folk culture and tourism industry has been sublimated [9].
4 Analysis of spatial design practice in the construction of a folk village in Guanzhong
Guanzhong is one of the representatives of the ancient culture of China's Yellow River basin. Lingquan Village in Fang Town, Heyang County is located at 15 kilometers of the Yellow River plateau, which is included in the representative of Guanzhong village culture for its excellent ecology, deep cultural heritage, diverse forms and rich business. Village site selection, Heyang County Square Town Lingquan Village is surrounded by mountains, east, north and south of the ditch, the new residential and traditional architecture is very different, sitting north to south style courtyard arrangement, rain and wind streets and alleys with the original sense of history, modern architecture and traditional construction mixed, highlighting the use of nature, building homes of the spatial design concept [10].
In the traditional theory of feng shui, Heyang County, Fang Town, Lingquan Village focuses on avoiding harm, following the ancient tradition of feng shui, to achieve the "unity of heaven and man" in the perfect realm. Located in a geologically stable area, the traditional historical landscape of Lingquan Village has developed a very strong clan culture, and the traditional village pays more attention to cultural values, which lays a cultural foundation for people's daily life, production, education, interaction and other behaviors, and also influences the development of Guanzhong folk houses. Most of the village streets and alleys in the environmental art design, etiquette and indoctrination is also reflected in the village of all kinds of buildings, environmental art design concepts into each specific design details, especially in the design to be based on the traditional cultural heritage, Heyang County, Square Town, Lingquan Village, presented in the central axis of the symmetrical, neat and rigorous layout of the plane way, expressed with a strict hierarchical division of the idea. Those remaining buildings whether it is the selection of materials, technology or pattern, scale reflects the shadow of traditional culture, the protection of traditional villages, not only to retain those ancient buildings, but also need to pay attention to the heritage of traditional villages of historical and cultural heritage and humanistic heritage.
Conclusion
The village is as clear as a picture, and the mulberry forest smokes by day. In-depth excavation of Guanzhong traditional village culture in the folk customs resources, according to local conditions, vigorously develop traditional cultural connotations, and environmental art design, to create a new type of Guanzhong traditional village culture of the new space, the use of leisure and vacation and other forms of rural tourism products, rich rural tourism interesting connotations, to protect the overall pattern of the ancient villages, the establishment of the "Chinese Folk Culture Corridor", the inheritance of the local folk culture, and the local village culture, and the cultural heritage. The "Chinese Folklore Culture Corridor" inherits the local traditional building style and folklore village construction form, forming the tourism mode of "eating in the farm, living in the farm, entertainment in the farm".
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