Recently, I finished reading Teacher A's Think Well, which mentioned a very interesting point-the diversified thinking model system. This view makes me think again about the purpose of learning and the logical methodology of bottom-level learning.

(The following is the logical diagram of thinking after finishing. )

What is thinking mode and its importance?

Speaking of thinking model, we are familiar with this concept, because in many fields around us, there are really many kinds of thinking models, from a series of positioning models such as STP, 4P model and SWOT to the model of enterprise strategy "being in harmony with people at the right time". So that we fall into a cognitive misunderstanding about thinking mode, and take it for granted that as long as we master the thinking mode of a certain field, we will master the principle and landing methodology of a certain field, and what is lacking is practice.

Naively, we think that the mode of thinking is a complete cognition and summary of the essence of a certain field, and it is a cognitive shortcut to help us know a new thing and field from 0 to 1. When we are deceived by this kind of cognition and put it into practice, we will find that the seemingly "total" cognition constructed through the thinking model is actually a bug.

Then, we get a good question: What problem does the thinking model solve?

Thinking hard points out that thinking mode is the "thinking template" for everyone to make decisions and think about problems, and most of the decisions we make are made under the influence of these thinking templates. (Basis: psychological ABC theory: that is, what kind of reaction we make to external problem A C does not depend on the problem A we encounter in essence, but on our beliefs, opinions and explanations)

Therefore, constantly updating our thinking mode is tantamount to iterating over our cognitive system.

Another significance of thinking model is that it is often a framework of thinking review based on highly reprocessing existing problems. Through the perspective of structured thinking, we can help us think about the same problem from multiple angles and directions. This can effectively help us break through a single perspective on the same problem. At the same time, it can provide us with the thinking direction and path to solve problems when we deal with a brand-new problem and enter a brand-new field.

Charles Munger is different from many people. On the basis of the answers to specific questions, he will extract more general methods and abstract them into effective strategies to guide the solution of similar problems in the future. Its batch problem-solving method is essentially to abstract laws and principles from phenomena-constantly asking whether there are hidden ideas and guidelines for solving problems according to universality behind questions and answers. The mode of thinking based on this thought has more universal thoughts, principles and regularity, and is more correct in guiding our decision-making.

P2 What are multiple modes of thinking and points of interest?

Charles Munger pointed out that the pluralistic thinking mode has two characteristics: one is the knowledge system based on the thinking mode; Second, thinking mode should be an important principle in many important disciplines.

Benefits of multiple modes of thinking

Every mode of thinking is a problem-solving angle, and the problems in real life are often very complicated, so it is very limited to understand legs from only one angle. When most people are thinking with a certain model, you can think with different models on key issues, and it is easier to gain a cognitive advantage.

When trying to understand the same problem with different thinking modes, we can better find the conflict between thinking modes. Only in this way can we enhance our understanding of seemingly different or even conflicting thinking modes and truly grasp their applicable conditions and essence.

The Construction Essence of Pluralistic Thinking: Overall Understanding

Establish four basic disciplines with diverse ways of thinking: the basic disciplines of understanding the material world (physics, mathematics); A discipline (biology) that understands the laws of group systems; The discipline of understanding the laws of complex systems (artificial intelligence); Humanities (psychology, history) understand the spiritual world.

Rich knowledge levels (from abstract to concrete): experience and skills, methods and processes, discipline principles and philosophical perspectives.

P3 How to Construct Multiple Thinking Mode

3. 1 Building the knowledge system of multidimensional model: questioning and thinking model

The core idea of the framework of basic question-thinking mode-concrete thinking mode is to connect different thinking modes and application cases with the same question to realize the horizontal connection between disciplines.

3.2 Two kinds of basic thinking to realize the integration of multiple thinking modes: similar thinking and structural thinking.

A. Looking for similar basic problems behind concrete problems in different fields

For example, fast food, cars and fashion all have similar problems such as clearing inventory.

B abstract the solutions in different fields into more general effective strategies (specific strategies-thinking modes)

For example, from the "organizational capacity triangle" theory to the "demand triangle" theory and so on.

Specific methodology: defining the problem-classifying the field-finding the structure

3.3 Three application skills of multivariate thinking model: dimension reduction attack, scale change and focus key.

A. Dimension reduction attack (looking for the cognitive dimension of effective strategies)

Cognitive level: the cause of the source of causal chain is more abstract and simple, close to the bottom but in high dimension. (Robert Dilts's logical hierarchy model, from low to high: environment, behavior/action, ability, values, role, vision)

Low-level problems are difficult to solve, and high-level problems are easy to deal with. (Advise others to refer to it)

B. Transform scale (find the space-time scale of effective strategy)

To explain all the problems, we should look for the reasons from three different scales: the long-term reasons of macro scale, the medium-term reasons of meso scale and the short-term reasons of micro scale.

C. Focus on the key (key issues for finding effective strategies)

Strategy: trend judgment (thinking in different scales), psychology: internal driving principle, systematics: finding the key solution of the system (improving cognition), economics: marginal cost/compound interest effect (judging whether there is the possibility of nonlinear growth), black swan (something with small probability but great influence).

Summary and thinking

If we are compared to a well-run computer, then the problems we deal with every day are like all kinds of complex operations and operations in the system. From the aspect of expression, we have all kinds of tools to learn? Installed on our computer, it helps us to deal with complex tasks, such as text editing and image beautification. It seems that we have formed a set of effective solutions, and when problems arise-find solutions-solve problems.

However, in fact, we all know that it is not the application software with various functions that plays a greater role in our computers, but the underlying supports that we can't see but are very important, such as CPU, motherboard and operating system. These invisible parts determine the running speed of our cognitive system, the efficiency of solving problems, and the ability to carry applications.

Therefore, only by constantly improving the basic abilities such as "learning", "communication" and "logic" can we continuously optimize and iterate our system and drive our life to upgrade.