Preface: China is the world's third richest country in terms of the types and number of lakes, second only to North America and the Nordic region, with a total of 110,000 lakes, of which more than 24,000 are natural lakes and more than 86,000 are artificial lakes. Domestic lake tourism development began in the 1990s, compared with Europe, America and Southeast Asian countries, the domestic lake tourism development history is shorter. Lake-type scenic spots and lakeside tourism resorts are important tourist destinations in China. With the deepening of people's understanding of lakes, lakes are regarded as an important tourism resources and the main destination for leisure and vacation, lake tourism reception of the number of people is also growing, but compared to coastal, hot springs, countryside, mountains and other leisure and vacation tourism, the domestic lake leisure and vacation tourism theory research and development and operation is inadequate, more beach vacation theory and practice to guide the development of lake leisure and vacation tourism. The theory and practice of seaside vacation are mostly used to guide the development and practice of lake leisure and vacation tourism. The author will be in the form of a series of articles to the world famous lakes tourism vacation industry development as a case, the inland lakes tourism vacation development in China to provide reference, the fallacy of the industry colleagues please correct.
Overview of Lake Geneva
Lake Geneva (French Lake Léman) is one of the largest of the Alpine lakes, and the world's first large alpine weir. The lake covers an area of about 224 square miles, occupying 140 square miles in Switzerland and 84 square miles in France. Lake Geneva was formed by the Rhone Glacier. The body of the lake is bow-shaped, with the concave part of the lake facing south. When the Rhone Glacier dissolved, it formed the Rhone River, which is the main river that spits out the waters of Lake Geneva. Lake Geneva is 1,230 feet above sea level and 46 miles long. The lake is 8.5 miles wide at its widest point. The deepest part of the lake is 1017 feet. The lake and the adjoining territory, the climate is mild, the temperature change is very small, built many tourist attractions. It is a famous lake in Western Europe, as a famous scenic area and sanatorium. Geneva and Lausanne are the largest lakeside cities.
Along the lake can be seen stretches of highlands, the majestic Alps and a variety of beauty, lake water, snow-capped mountains and blue sky connected to a piece of thousands of ducks soaring in the lake, snow-white swans swimming in the water. Lake Geneva to the Mont Blanc Bridge as the center, along the lake park four cloth, such as rapids park, rose park, pearl park, English garden, botanical gardens, and lakeside flower clock. Lakeshore villas rolling, red walls and tiles covered in green. Flowers and trees, the water color blue, vegetarian is regarded as the world's paradise. Lakes south of the snow-capped mountains, beautiful scenery, mountain north of the wide range of pastures and vineyards, the lake is clear and blue and world-famous.
Lake Geneva, the most striking is a huge artificial fountain. The tall water column that rises from the sky, from the surface of the lake straight to the sky, spectacular. This artificial fountain was originally built in 1891, when the height of the jet was only 90 meters. 1958 after remodeling to the present. It is powered by two sets of pumps installed underwater, weighing a total of 16 tons, driven by a 500-kilowatt, 2,400-volt engine at 1,500 revolutions per minute. The power of each pump is 1,360 horsepower. The fountain's flow rate of 500 liters per second, the speed of water at the nozzle up to 200 kilometers per hour, the pressure of the water into the spray pipe for 16 atmospheres, the height of the water column in the absence of wind up to 140 meters, stay in the air the amount of water up to 7 tons. Water from the nozzle spray to reach the peak and then back to the surface, each round for 16 seconds.
Two, Lake Geneva ecological governance and protection
In the 1970s, Lake Geneva water body serious pollution. Lake Geneva suffered serious chemical pollution, household wastewater and even pesticides are not treated directly poured into the lake, resulting in it once became a "dead lake", can not be used for production or leisure activities. Thanks to the joint efforts of the public authorities, civil society and the private sector, Lake Geneva is now the largest reservoir of drinking water in Central Europe. Most of the drinking water (80%) is extracted from Lake Geneva; the remaining 20% comes from groundwater formed by the infiltration of the Alvor River.
Two complementary measures were taken to combat the pollution of Lake Geneva: the first was the treatment carried out between 1970 and 1980, when pollutants were removed from the lake water by means of a rationalized system of pipelines for the transport of domestic and industrial wastewater to treatment plants, and by means of treatments to remove organic matter and phosphorus-containing pollutants from the wastewater before it was discharged. Pollutants are removed from the wastewater before it is discharged into the natural environment such as lakes and rivers.
The second is prevention, which began in 1986. Measures taken since 1986 to prevent pollutants from entering water bodies (curbing pollution at the source) include setting strict standards for wastewater discharge, banning the use of phosphorus-containing laundry detergents, trying to reduce nutrient (phosphorus and nitrogen) runoff from farming, and restricting the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In order to improve water quality, the Swiss government has enacted strict laws to limit discharges and has set up sewage treatment plants so that even treated sewage is not discharged into the lake. Since half of the lake belongs to France, the local government has also established a transnational water pollution control mechanism to promote cooperation between the two countries to deal with river pollution. By the turn of the century, Lake Geneva has been completely safe for people to enjoy swimming, canoeing or diving, rowing, and the lake water can be directly drinkable.
Three, the construction of towns around the lake and tourism development characteristics of the analysis
1, to the convention and exhibition, sports, art, culture as the main development industry, the formation of a comprehensive tourist destination
Geneva (Geneva) is the highest degree of internationalization of the Swiss territory of the city is Switzerland's third-largest city, the Fala mountains and the Alps close to the eye. The Alps are right in front of you. The quiet Rhone River runs through the city, and at the confluence of the lake and the river, several bridges connect the old town and the new town on the north and south sides. The population is 200,000 people. Geneva is known as the headquarters of international organizations and multinational corporations, and has a developed convention and exhibition industry, which has greatly contributed to the development of Geneva's tourism industry, with conference tourism accounting for 70% of Geneva's total tourism revenue. A large part of the tourists in the Lake Geneva Region are guests who come to Geneva to participate in conferences.
Lausanne, also known as the Olympic capital, is the capital of the Swiss canton of Vaud (Vaud), is located in southwestern Switzerland, the central area of the northern shore of Lake Geneva, connecting Geneva, Bern and Zurich, is rich in sports, art and culture, the city. 1915, Coubertin in Lausanne to establish the International Olympic Committee, and the creation of the Olympic Museum. Since then, the museum has housed the collections of the Olympic Games and works of art related to the development of the Olympic movement.
In addition to its beautiful landscapes and historical monuments, Lausanne is also a great shopping destination, with department or specialty stores offering a wide range of brand-name goods and local gifts.
2. Tourist towns and cities known for their historical sites and music festivals
1. The tourist town of Montreux
Montreux is located between the majestic mountains and the stunning Lake Geneva, and has an extremely beautiful natural environment. Due to its unique geographical location, the climate of this lakeside tourist resort is mild and pleasant, and the grass is lush and green. The population is about 25,000 people.
The Montreux region is famous for its many music festivals and open-air concerts, and hosts a jazz festival every summer. It is also attractive for its flowery marina, beautiful terraces, entertainment venues, bars, bistros and clothing boutiques.
Montreux also boasts magnificent hotels and gaming centers, and extensive vineyards. Take the mountain railway up to Roche de Nay for majestic mountaintop views. The mysterious and beautiful landscape of the sparkling Lake Geneva and the towering Alps has attracted many celebrities, with Rousseau in the 18th century, Byron in the 19th century, and Ernest Hemingway in the 20th century all using it as a backdrop for their creations.
Near Montreux is the famous Chateau de Sion, where many events such as the Montreux Jazz Festival are held in the summer. One of the most beautiful monuments in Switzerland, Chateau de Sion is both a castle and a fortress. This majestic medieval castle is built on a rocky outcrop on the shores of Lake Geneva, between Montreux and Villeneuve. It has two different sides: for the mountains, it is a fortified castle, and for the lake, it is a royal palace.
Montreux Jazz Festival - jazz, blues, rock, soul, pop, ethno-pop, country, reggae, rhythm and blues, and electronica all come together here. Each year, more than 220,000 people enjoy exciting concerts in the gorgeous Stravinski Auditorium, Miles Davis Hall. In addition, music fans were able to enjoy great musical performances on Main Street, at the harbor and at FESTIVAL OFF.
(2), tourism, the town of Evian (also known as Evian)
evian-les-bains, Evian Lebanese French means "shower city" is the world's most famous mineral water production. The Evian mineral water plant is six or seven kilometers away from the town. To the north of Lake Geneva and the north shore of the famous Swiss city of Lausanne swing opposite, south of the Alps. Evian is a famous tourist resort in France, the town has more than 7000 residents.
3, the snow industry as the main selling point of the tourist resort - Glacier3000 (Glacier3000)
Here offers a variety of snow sports: snowboarding, snow golf, snow cars and dog sledding. Even in the summer you can enjoy the snow and ice. The restaurant on the top of the mountain, designed by the world-famous designer Mario Botta, is futuristic and has a view of Mont Blanc, the highest peak in Europe.
4, the development of special tourism sightseeing products - Golden Pass Panorama Express (GoldenPass Line)
The world's first panoramic view train was first put into operation between Montreux and Zweisimmen, and later extended to Interlaken and Lucerne. It is the only line in Switzerland to have a VIP seat at the front of the train, providing visitors with a view as wide as that of the train driver. These extremely advanced and modern trains bring visitors a new experience, making them feel as if they were in the middle of a magnificent landscape.
5, relying on the advantageous resources of hotel management, the construction of luxury hotels and resorts in the Lake District
4 hotels in the Lake Geneva Region have been listed as the world's first-class resorts: Beau-Rivage Palace Hotel, Lausanne Palace Hotel, Montreux Palace, and the Grand Hotel du Lac in Vevey were selected for the "Forbes Traveler's List. (Created in 2006 by the American economic magazine Bertie Charles Forbes (founded in 1917), this directory website is dedicated to searching for luxury hotels for travelers. Forbes Traveler, which specializes in first-class travel planning, is made up of travel experts and luxury specialists who rank 800 four- or five-star hotels based on specific criteria such as service, décor, food and beverage, and testimonials).
6, other special tourism projects
(1), vineyards - Lavaux vineyard (Lavaux) was listed as a World Heritage Site at the end of June 2007 - this is not only to give the honor of an ancient vineyard, but also to give the honor of a fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, fresh, and fresh. It is also a living "cultural landscape", a living expression of a true civilization. In a space of some 900 hectares, monks, pioneers of viticulture, winemakers, craftsmen and artists have come together to create a unique "man-made landscape" through their work. Many of them welcome people from all over the world. They are welcome to enjoy the harmony of light and beauty, to see the beautiful lakes and the Alps, to learn about local viticulture and winemaking, and to experience the mutual love between human beings and the land. In other words, there is now a perfect blend between the natural environment and the socio-economic entity that brings together human knowledge and emotions.
(2) Water sports - Discover the jewels of Lake Geneva and the fascinating landscapes that surround it with a cruise on the paddle boat "La Liberté". This unusual paddle boat has a long and innovative history: it is the only regularly sailing paddle boat in the world and is the largest paddle boat ever to sail on a European lake. It is also possible to participate in this activity on a casual basis, and the "La Liberté" can be rented for events.
(3) Hiking in the Alps - Two new, shorter hiking routes have been created in the Vaud Alps. Starting from Aigle, hikers pass through Lyssen, Lemos, L'Etivaz (Chateau de Dieu) and Le Sépey before returning to Aigle. Accommodation will be in different hotels, with breakfast and a lunchtime picnic. The organizers will take care of the transportation of visitors' luggage between the hotels.
(4) Chateau Maison Blanche: the art of living in Yvorne - Built in 1573, the Chateau Maison Blanche, located about 2 kilometers from Aigle, is a marvelous building that offers a first-class environment where guests can share their love of elegance and taste with like-minded people***. ** with like-minded people who share a love of elegance and good taste. Whether on vacation, organizing an event such as a conference or a wedding, or attending a seminar on food, wine or lifestyle, the Chateau de Maison Blanche will leave unforgettable memories for everyone.
(5) Watchmaking training centers in the Vallée de Joux
The Vallée de Joux is a 300-kilometer-long curved valley, with a number of distinctive, traditional Swiss towns nestled in the valley, which, with the exception of the church bells that chime loudly and long, appear to be a paradise of sorts. If not specially reminded by the tour guide, it is hard to believe that those ordinary-looking houses flashing from time to time outside the car window are actually the seat of the famous luxury watchmaking enterprises - Audemars Piguet, Blancpain, Breguet, Jaeger-LeCoultre, Patek Philippe, etc. In recent years, some foreign watchmaking enterprises have been established in the country, and some of them are now located in the towns. In recent years, some foreign watchmaking companies will come to set up offices here; there are also companies that have moved away, but will still have a house labeled with their own company logo here to show that they do not forget their roots. Statistics show that hundreds of watchmaking companies are located here, making the Vallée de Joux the Watch Valley.
Author (Jin Chao): Chairman of the China Waterfront Leisure Industry Alliance, Deputy Secretary General of the China Marketing Association, Director of the Waterfront Leisure Industry Research Center of the China Marketing Association, Executive Secretary of the World Yachting Festival.