it is of great significance to make good preparations before the opening of the hotel for the opening and the work after the opening; It is also a challenge for professionals engaged in hotel management. I use the countdown method to operate the hotel opening preparation as a project, and the practice proves that it is highly operable. I. Tasks and Requirements of Hotel Opening Preparations The preparation work before the opening of the hotel is mainly to establish the departmental operation system, and make full preparations for the opening and post-opening operations in terms of people, finance and materials, including: (1) Determine the jurisdiction and responsibility scope of each department of the hotel. After the managers of each department arrive at their posts, they should first be familiar with the plane layout of the hotel, and it is best to visit it on the spot. Then according to the actual situation, determine the jurisdiction area of the hotel and the main responsibility scope of each department, and report the specific suggestions and ideas to the general manager in writing. The top management of the hotel will convene relevant departments to discuss and make a decision. In the division of areas and responsibilities, the managers of all departments should proceed from the overall situation and have a good sense of service. According to the requirements of professional division of labor, the cleaning work of the hotel is best managed under centralized management. This is conducive to the unification of standards, the improvement of efficiency, the reduction of equipment investment, the maintenance of equipment and the management of personnel. The division of responsibilities should be clear, and it is best to determine it in writing. (2) Designing the organization of hotel departments should be scientific and reasonable, and the managers of hotel departments should comprehensively consider various related factors, such as the scale, grade, architectural layout, facilities and equipment, market positioning, business policy and management objectives of the hotel. (III) Making the List of Goods Purchase There are many affairs before the opening of the hotel, and the purchase of goods is a very energy-consuming work. It is very difficult to complete this task only by the purchasing department, and all operating departments should assist them to complete it together. Whether it is the purchasing department or the hotel departments, the following problems should be considered when making the purchasing list of the hotel departments: 1. The architectural characteristics of the hotel. The types and quantities of purchased goods are closely related to the characteristics of buildings. For example, the guest room floor usually needs to be equipped with a work car, but for some villa-style buildings, the work car can not play a role; Moreover, the number of some cleaning equipment is directly related to the number of rooms on the floor. For hotels with about 18-21 rooms on each floor, the housekeeping manager needs to decide whether the main cleaning equipment on each floor is one set or two sets. In addition, the configuration of some equipment and supplies in the housekeeping department is also related to the labor organization and related business volume of the housekeeping department. Another example is the dining car in the food and beverage department, and it is necessary to consider whether it can reach the dishwashing room. Whether the massage table can enter the door of the massage room, etc. 2. Industry standard. The National Tourism Administration has issued the industry standard of "Quality and Equipment Requirements for Room Supplies in Star Hotels", which is the main basis for the housekeeping managers to make the purchase list. 3. The design standard and target market positioning of this hotel. Hotel managers should make a list from the reality of the hotel, according to the designed star standard and referring to the national industry standard. At the same time, they should also consider the demand for room supplies, preference for dining environment and some behavior habits in the target market according to the positioning of the hotel. 4. Industry development trend. Hotel managers should pay close attention to the development trend of the industry, and should have a certain sense of being ahead of the times in the provision of goods, not too traditional and conservative. For example, it is a useful attempt for a hotel to reduce unnecessary guest items in the guest room according to the needs of its guests. The catering department reduced the tableware and arrangement like gold and big red, and added some elegant arrangements. 5. Other circumstances. When making the material purchase list, the relevant departments and personnel should also consider other related factors, such as the occupancy rate and the financial situation of the hotel. The design of the purchase list must be standardized, which usually includes the following columns: department, number, item name, specification, unit, quantity, reference supplier, remarks, etc. In addition, departments need to determine the equipment standards of relevant items while formulating the purchase list. (4) Assisting in purchasing Hotel department managers do not directly undertake the purchasing task, but this work has a great impact on the opening and operation of each department. Therefore, hotel department managers should pay close attention to and participate in the purchasing work appropriately. This can not only reduce the burden of the purchasing manager, but also ensure that the purchased goods meet the requirements to a great extent. Managers of hotel departments should regularly check the availability of various items against the purchase list, and the frequency of inspection should gradually increase with the approach of opening. (V) Participating in or Responsible for the Design and Production of Uniforms It is a common practice in the hotel industry for all departments of the hotel to participate in the design and production of uniforms. At the same time, it is pointed out that because the housekeeping department is responsible for the washing, storage and replenishment of uniforms, the housekeeping department managers often have their own unique appreciation ability in the selection of uniforms' styles and fabrics. (6) The preparation of the work manual of each department of the hotel is the guidance of the department and the basis for the training and assessment of the staff of the department. Generally speaking, the work manual should include job responsibilities, work procedures, rules and regulations and operation forms. (VII) Participate in the recruitment and training of employees. The recruitment and training of employees in all departments of the hotel shall be the responsibility of the personnel department and the managers of all departments of the hotel. In the process of employee recruitment, the personnel department initially screens the candidates according to the general requirements of hotel work, while the managers of hotel departments are responsible for the good admission. Training is a major task before the opening of the department. Managers of all departments of the hotel should work out practical departmental training plans, select and train departmental trainers, guide them to write specific teaching plans, supervise the implementation of training plans, and ensure that the training work achieves the expected results. (VIII) Establishing the property files of hotel departments before the opening of business, it is of great significance for the management of hotel departments in the future. Many hotel managers neglected this work during this period and lost the opportunity to master first-hand information. (9) Follow up the progress of the hotel decoration project and participate in the acceptance of various departments of the hotel, which is generally attended by the infrastructure department, engineering department, hotel departments and other departments. All departments of the hotel participate in the acceptance inspection, which can largely ensure that the quality of decoration meets the standards required by the hotel. Before participating in the acceptance, all departments of the hotel should design an acceptance checklist for all departments of the hotel according to the situation of the hotel, and train the personnel of the participating departments accordingly. After acceptance, the department should keep a checklist for follow-up inspection in the future. (11) Responsible for the infrastructure cleaning of the whole store. Each department of the hotel is responsible for all the infrastructure cleaning work in its own area, and also for the cleaning of the lobby and other related public areas. The success of infrastructure cleaning before opening directly affects the protection of hotel products. Many hotels have left permanent regrets because of their neglect of this work. Before the opening of the hotel, all departments of the hotel should work with the top management of the hotel and the relevant responsible departments to determine the infrastructure cleaning plan of each department, and then the PA team of the housekeeping department will train the employees of each department on cleaning knowledge and skills, equip each department with the necessary instruments and detergents, and inspect and guide the cleaning process. (XI) Simulated operation of departments After all the preparations are basically in place, all departments of the hotel can carry out simulated operation of departments. This is not only a test of preparatory work, but also a solid foundation for formal operation. Second, the preparation plan for the opening of the hotel The preparation plan for the opening of the hotel is the key to ensure the normal work of all departments of the hotel before opening. There are many forms of opening preparation plan, and hotels usually use countdown method to ensure the normal opening preparation. The countdown method can be expressed in both tabular and written forms. The following is a tabular pre-opening work plan for reference only. Example: The Preparation Work Plan for a Hotel before Opening can be used to flush toilets.