Career design refers to the idea and planning of a person's career development path, including how to get a job.
What achievements do you intend to achieve in the field of development? Reasonable career design is the first step to success.
A few days ago, a survey by Professor Lu Shizhen, vice president of China Youth Politics College, showed that 67.29% of college students did this.
I have my own career orientation, but 49.84% of college students lack understanding of their chosen career. Numerically, nearly half of college students have never done career design. Generally speaking, a person's career design is gradually formed during college, and it is naturally an important step to fill in the college entrance examination. As a college student in the new century, what aspects should we design our career? What problems should be paid attention to in career design? The author makes a superficial discussion on this.
First, what aspects should career design start from?
1. Establish correct career ideals and define career goals. Professional thought refers to people's strong pursuit and yearning for future careers, and it is people's conception and planning for future professional life. Anyone's career ideal is bound to be restricted by social environment and social reality. The needs of social development are the objective basis of professional ideals, and all professional ideals that meet the needs of social development and the interests of the people are noble, correct and realistic. The career ideal of college students should organically combine personal ambition with national interests and social needs.
Career ideal plays a regulating and guiding role in people's career design. What kind of occupation a person chooses and why he chooses a certain occupation are usually based on his career ideal. The process of college students' career ideal is the process of career design in their minds. Once they have an ideal career in mind, they will plan their study and practice according to the goal of the ideal career, and make all kinds of preparations for obtaining the ideal career.
After the career ideal is formed, everyone will establish a clear career goal. In career, the career goals of life can be divided into short-term goals and long-term goals, and can also be divided into short-term goals and long-term goals. It is possible to make some adjustments to career goals in a certain period of time. Career design is based on a certain career goal, and it is an idea and plan to achieve this goal. Therefore, college students should determine their career goals as soon as possible, what kind of talents they plan to become, and what fields they plan to become. Different answers to these questions will not only affect a person's career design, but also affect a person's chances of success.
2. Conduct self-analysis and career analysis correctly. Self-analysis: in career design, we should have a comprehensive understanding of our professional interests, temperament, personality and ability through scientific cognitive methods and means, and clearly understand our strengths and weaknesses. Self-analysis should be objective and calm, and points should not be used instead of faces. We should not only see our own advantages, but also face up to our own shortcomings. Only in this way can we avoid the blindness of design and achieve a high degree of design suitability. Occupation analysis: Modern occupation has its own regional, industrial and post characteristics. The occupied area may be a city, a rural area, a special zone with developed economy, or a region with average economy or poverty and backwardness. Career design should consider the specific characteristics of the region where the major is located, such as the special policies and environmental characteristics of the region; The development of professional role is closely related to the development of the industry in which the profession is located. When designing a career, we should not only pay attention to the scale and reputation of the unit, but also have a deeper understanding of the current situation and development prospects of the industry in which we work, such as the supply of talents, average salary, informal group norms of the industry, etc. Different professional positions have different requirements for the quality and ability of job seekers. In career design, we should not only know the required non-professional quality requirements, but also know the required professional quality requirements, in addition to the required general ability, but also know the required special professional ability.
3. Construct a reasonable knowledge structure. The accumulation of knowledge is the foundation and necessary condition for its success. People often take how much knowledge a person has as the standard to measure the level, but this is not the absolute standard to measure talents. Simple knowledge is not enough to show a person's true knowledge level. College students should not only have a considerable amount of knowledge, but also form a reasonable knowledge structure. Without a reasonable knowledge structure, they can't play their creative function. In career design, college students should be able to reorganize their existing knowledge scientifically and construct a reasonable knowledge structure according to the specific requirements of the continuous development of occupation and society, so as to maximize the overall efficiency of knowledge. Reasonable knowledge structure generally refers to pagoda type and network type.
The new century puts forward higher requirements for the comprehensive knowledge structure of future talents, requiring college students to adapt to social needs well, fully embody their personal characteristics, meet professional requirements, have good humanistic cultivation, give play to group advantages and show their personal specialties. There is no shortcut to build a reasonable knowledge structure, only learning and accumulation, using scientific methods that suit you, and constantly making efforts and hardships.
4. Cultivate the practical ability required by the occupation. The comprehensive ability and knowledge of college students are the basis for employers to choose college students. Employers not only assess their professional knowledge and skills, but also assess their ability to comprehensively apply knowledge, adapt to the environment and integrate culture and practice. In career design, college students should not only have their own reasonable knowledge structure, but also have the basic ability to engage in their own work and some professional abilities. In a sense, ability is more important than knowledge. Only with a unified and reasonable knowledge structure and various abilities to adapt to social needs can college students be in an invincible position. Generally speaking, college students should pay attention to cultivating their decision-making ability, creativity, social ability, practical operation ability, organization and management ability, self-development lifelong learning ability, psychological adjustment ability and improvisation ability to adapt to social needs.
5. Participate in beneficial vocational training. At present, there is little vocational training for college students, and even vocational evaluation only appeared in the late 1980s. It was not until the late 1990s that a few people began to use it as a reference for their professional design. Vocational training includes vocational skills training, self-employment adaptability evaluation, and scientific determination of vocational intentions. At present, it is a good form of vocational training for colleges and universities to organize college students to participate in summer "three rural areas" activities, college students "young volunteers" activities, college students' graduation internship work, and college students' campus entrepreneurship activities. The author thinks that in addition, colleges and universities can also invite successful graduates and alumni back to school to talk with college students, invite celebrities outside the school to communicate with college students, encourage qualified college students to take advantage of their holidays to practice at their parents' or relatives' homes, encourage college students to engage in part-time social work, organize students to carry out simulated professional practice activities, carry out vocational intention evaluation, and carry out vocational interest analysis and evaluation. College students should actively participate in beneficial vocational training, get to know the profession earlier, master the vocational skills, and guide the vocational design correctly. In addition to the above aspects, college students' career design should also cultivate good moral cultivation and healthy psychological quality, such as the psychological quality of correctly treating job-hunting setbacks, courage and competitiveness.
Second, what problems should be paid attention to in career design?
1. Design your career according to social needs. As a social activity, choosing a job is bound to be bound by certain social constraints, and anyone's freedom to choose a job is relative and conditional. If choosing a job is divorced from the needs of society, it will be difficult for him to be accepted by society. We emphasize the unity of social and personal interests and the organic combination of social needs and personal wishes when college students apply for jobs. Therefore, when designing their career, college students should actively grasp the trend of social talent demand, take social demand as the starting point and destination, take the social demand for individuals as the criterion, not only see immediate interests, but also consider long-term development, and consider personal factors and consciously obey social demand.
2. Design your career according to your major. After a certain professional training, college students have the knowledge and skills of a certain major, which is everyone's advantage. College students have their own majors, and each major has a certain training goal and employment direction, which is the basic basis for college students' career design. Generally, employers choose college students' majors first for the demand of graduates, and their contributions after entering the society are mainly realized by using their professional knowledge. If professional design leaves your major, it will increase the burden of "making up lessons" invisibly, and personal value will be difficult to realize. It should be emphasized that college students should have profound professional knowledge. In addition to broad basic knowledge and profound professional knowledge, we should also broaden our professional knowledge and master or understand some professional knowledge and technology related to our major.
3. Design your career according to your personal interests and abilities. Career design should combine one's own personality, temperament, interests, abilities and specialties, give full play to one's own advantages, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and reflect the requirements of giving full play to one's talents. This paper focuses on the relationship between personal interests, abilities and career design.
College students should properly consider their hobbies when designing their career. Interest is an individual's cognitive tendency to actively explore things, which is often characterized by stability, initiative and persistence. If a person is interested in a job, he will have a high degree of consciousness and enthusiasm for the job and make achievements in the work. On the other hand, if a person is not interested in his work, it is impossible to devote his energy to his work and to succeed in it. But hobbies don't always play a positive role in promoting, and sometimes they are also a kind of dissipative force. For example, some college students are interested in everything, but they have not formed their own characteristics. Some students' interests are too narrow to form advantages, and some students' interests are not in line with their majors, which brings confusion to college students who design their careers. This requires college students to have an objective analysis of their interests and re-cultivate and adjust their hobbies when designing their careers.
Ability specialty is the personality and psychological characteristics that people must have to successfully complete certain activities, and it is the physical and mental strength that people show in social practice. It is a problem that college students should pay special attention to when designing their career according to their own abilities, because any occupation needs certain abilities, and different occupations have different requirements for abilities. Ability and major play a screening role in career choice, which is an important guarantee for job hunting and career success. It should be reminded that more knowledge and higher academic qualifications do not necessarily mean strong ability, and college students must not take academic performance as the only measure of evaluating ability. College students should have a correct self-cognition and evaluation of their abilities and specialties, and design their careers according to their real talents and abilities.