Japanese people often smile all over their faces, but not only when they are happy, but also when they are embarrassed and angry, so as to hide their true feelings. When a woman sits on the floor, she always sits with her legs curled up. Different gestures have different meanings: the thumb and forefinger form a circle, and the other three fingers extend upward to indicate money; Hold out your little finger to indicate a woman, etc.

Edit this paragraph to conform to etiquette.

Japanese names generally consist of four words. The first two words are surnames, and the last two words are your own names. Generally speaking, Japanese people don't like to introduce themselves. As an introducer, you usually need to tell the relationship between the introduced person and yourself, as well as his title and the name of his unit. How many laps to go!

Go along and nod.

It is said that the Japanese have a habit of echoing and nodding when they speak. "Yes" and "Well, really?" Including this kind of speech, as well as nodding and bending posture and so on. According to investigation and observation, it happens every few seconds in daily conversation. But it is worth noting that all this does not mean the affirmative meaning of "right" and "understanding", but only "Oh, really?" "Is that so?" Wait, think of it as a reaction after listening to each other. Contact with a Japanese who has this habit, if you think that "he really said it at that time", then it is unexpected for the Japanese. On the other hand, the Japanese, who are used to echoing voices, are uneasy about foreigners who don't show any reaction in conversation. They will feel like, "Is this person listening to me?"

Euphemistic expression

Even if the Japanese hold a clear opinion, they will avoid direct expressions such as "I think so" and "My opinion is like this" and adopt "I'm afraid so?" "I think so. What do you think? " This euphemistic wording obviously thinks that this expression is appropriate and polite. In language expression, it is clear that there is room for consideration and judgment for the other party, showing a gesture of expressing one's opinions after listening to the other party's reaction.

Greet each other

Japanese people often greet each other. From getting up in the morning to going to bed at night, in various occasions of daily life, the same greetings are very rich. However, greeting each other is limited to people who are regarded as friends in a sense. For example, people you don't know when walking in the park, or people sitting in the same seat in a traffic vehicle, generally don't talk to each other unless there are special circumstances. Because on this occasion, the other party is an irrelevant outsider.

dining etiquette

Japanese people have been eating rice as their staple food since ancient times and like to eat fish. Generally do not eat fat meat and pig offal, and some people do not eat mutton and duck. No matter at home or in a restaurant, the seats are graded and generally can be arranged by the host. In Japan, there is a national custom-tea ceremony, which is rich in Zen and used to cultivate interest. Although many modern Japanese youth are no longer interested in it, it is still valued by society as a traditional art.

Edit the etiquette of Japanese guests in this paragraph.

Japan is known as "the country of etiquette", and it is a Japanese custom to pay attention to etiquette. When people meet, they usually bow to each other and say "hello", "goodbye" and "please take care of me". Japanese people attach great importance to exchanging business cards when they meet for the first time. Not only is it impolite to meet for the first time without a business card, but the other party will think you are unsociable. When handing business cards to each other, you should bow first and hand them in both hands. After receiving the other party's business card, read it carefully to see the identity, position and company of the other party, and nod your head to show that you know the other party's identity. Japanese people think that business cards represent a person, and treat them as if they were themselves. If you take a business card and put it in your pocket without reading it, it is considered rude. If you want to participate in business negotiations, you must send business cards to everyone in the room and accept their business cards. You can't leave out anyone. Although it takes a lot of time, it is a way to express mutual friendship and respect. The Tangdao Shrine in Tokyo is full of students' wish cards for further studies. Tangdao Shrine is similar to the Confucius Temple in China, offering sacrifices to the Japanese "learning god" Sugawara no michizane. When visiting a Japanese home, you should make an appointment with the host in advance and ring the doorbell to announce your name before entering the door. If there is no doorbell in this house, don't knock, but open the sliding door on the door and ask, "Excuse me, is there anyone inside?" After entering the door, you should take the initiative to take off your clothes and hat, take off your scarf (but be careful not to wear vest or barefoot even in hot weather, otherwise it will be impolite), put on spare slippers and give your own gifts to your host. When you sit in a room, it is polite to sit with your back to the door. Only under the persuasion of the owner can we move to a distinguished position (referring to the seat with various works of art and decorations in front of the niche, which is specially prepared for VIPs). Japanese people are not used to letting guests visit their houses, so don't ask to look around. Japan is particularly taboo for men to break into the kitchen. You have to ask the owner's permission to go to the toilet. When eating, if you don't know how to eat a certain meal, you should ask the owner's advice and turn your chopsticks around when you are holding vegetables. When saying goodbye, let the guests ask first and thank the host. When you return to your residence, you should call the other party and tell them that you have returned safely. Thank you again. Don't forget to express your gratitude when you see your host again after a while. When the Japanese hold a banquet, the traditional way of toasting is to put a bowl full of clear water in the middle of the table and put a clean white gauze in front of everyone. Before pouring wine, the host will wash his glass with clear water, press the cup mouth down on the gauze, let the water droplets be sucked up by the gauze, and then hand it to the guests with both hands. After drinking, guests do the same to show the friendship and intimacy between the host and the guests. Whether visiting relatives and friends or attending banquets, Japanese people always bring gifts, and a family spends 7.5% of its income on gifts every month. When visiting Japanese families, you must bring gifts. Japanese people think that giving gifts is much more meaningful than saying "thank you", because it is to express gratitude with practical actions. When giving gifts to Japanese people, we should master the "sense of value", and the gifts should not be too heavy or too light. If it is too heavy, he will think what you want from him, and thus infer that your goods or services are not good; If it is too light, it will be considered that you look down on him. Generally, it is more appropriate to take some packaged food when visiting Japanese families, but don't send flowers, because some flowers are used for courtship or funeral. Japanese people pay attention to the packaging of gifts. Gifts should be wrapped in several layers and tied with beautiful ribbons or paper ropes. The Japanese believe that there is a soul in their hearts, which shows their sincerity in sending people to Zagreb. People who receive gifts usually give them back. Japanese people don't open gifts in front of guests, mainly to avoid embarrassment because of the discomfort of gifts. Japanese people don't mind giving gifts they don't need to others. Japanese people generally don't use even numbers to give gifts. This is because "four" in even numbers is the same as "death" in Japanese. In order to avoid bad luck, "four" is not used in many occasions. Over time, even the second, fourth and sixth figures are simply not given. They like to pronounce singular numbers, especially the three singular numbers of three, five and seven. But "nine" should also be avoided, because "nine" and "bitter" have the same pronunciation in Japanese. Etiquette when Japanese treat guests: Japanese people generally don't entertain guests at home. If you are invited to a Japanese home, you should take off your hat, gloves and shoes in the hall. Men who enter the door sit casually, but it is best to sit on their knees and keep their upper body straight; Women should sit on their knees or side, and cross-legged sitting is forbidden. When you say goodbye, don't wear a coat until you leave the room. When visiting a Japanese family, it is usually necessary to bring a bunch of flowers and a box of snacks or sweets for the hostess, preferably wrapped in light paper and tied with colored ribbons. On that day, when I received friends and relatives, they used the traditional toast method. The host put a bowl full of clear water in the center of the table, washed it in everyone's water, and then pressed the mouth of the cup on the gauze to let the water drops in the cup be sucked up by the gauze. At this time, the host filled the wine, handed it to the guests and watched them drink it off. After drinking the wine, the guests will also rinse the cup with clear water, suck up the water drops on the gauze, and fill a glass of wine for the host in return. This toast shows the close friendship between the host and the guests. Japanese people are also very particular about pouring wine. You should not hold the cup in your hand, but put it on the table. Hold the pot in your right hand and put your left hand against the bottom of the pot. Never touch the glass. The first glass of wine poured by the host must be accepted, otherwise it is impolite. The second glass of wine can be refused, and the Japanese generally don't force people to drink it.

Gestures have different meanings because of different cultural backgrounds and living habits in different countries. China people show their thumbs up in praise, which means "excellent". For the Japanese, this gesture means calling him "you old man" without appreciation. In China, giving a thumb means "poverty and backwardness", while in Japan, it means "girlfriend". Also, use your thumb and forefinger to form a circle to represent money and put it in your mouth.

business etiquette

Trade negotiation

For business activities in Japan, you should choose February-June and September-165438+ 10. At other times, locals take more vacations or are busy with festivals. Japanese people attach great importance to the role of business cards in business activities. They think business cards show a person's social status, so they always carry them with them. Japanese businessmen pay more attention to establishing long-term cooperative partnership. They pay great attention to maintaining each other's face in business negotiations and hope that the other party will do the same. When giving gifts, local people attach great importance to class or rank, so don't give too expensive gifts, lest they mistakenly think that your status is higher than theirs.

Edit this travel etiquette

Fujiyama sakura

In Japan, many streets have no names. If you get lost, you can ask the police for help. Buses in urban areas extend in all directions. It's expensive to take a taxi. Tips are not very popular in Japan. If you are not sure, don't tip. Tips should be put in envelopes or wrapped in paper towels. The Japanese feel embarrassed to accept cash.

Edit this paragraph to ride.

Japanese bus

When taking the tram, passengers should queue up in order at the entrance (marked on the ground). After the car stops, passengers will be divided into two lines on both sides of the door, and then get off and get on the bus. Whenever the tram arrives at the station, passengers on the tram should be careful not to stand at the door of the carriage, so as not to hinder other passengers from getting on and off. In case of rush hour, passengers standing at the door should get off temporarily and get on the bus after getting off. In order to prevent sexual harassment, some tram companies in Japan specially arrange women-only vehicles after 1 1 at night. Men must pay attention to getting on the bus, otherwise they may be handed over to the police as "idiots (sexually harassed men)". When taking the bus, you should prepare the change of the ticket in advance and put it into the ticket vending machine after getting on the bus. If it is during off-peak hours, you need to press the get-off buttons on both sides before getting off, otherwise the car may not stop. Most buses in Japan get on at the front door and get off at the back door. The way to take a taxi (disco) is the same as that in Chinese mainland, Hongkong and Taiwan Province Province. It's just that the taxi door is controlled by the driver, so passengers don't have to close the door when getting on and off.

Press elevator and escalator to edit this paragraph.

Escalators are very common in Japan. When Japanese take escalators, they usually stand on the left (Tokyo in Kanto and Osaka in Kansai are used to standing on the right and rushing on the left), leaving the right side for those who are eager to move forward. If two people stand side by side in the escalator at the same time, it will block the passage and prevent others from moving. When taking the escalator, you should generally keep a step away from the person in front (especially when there are women in front of men) and keep a certain distance to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding.

Edit this garbage classification

Garbage classification is very detailed.

Garbage in public places in Japan is generally classified, and garbage bins are generally marked clearly. Basically, it can be divided into two categories: combustible and nonflammable. If it is at the station, the classification of garbage is more detailed, including magazines and newspapers, glass bottles and cans of drinks, which are flammable and nonflammable. Not littering is one of the public morals that every Japanese abides by, and foreign tourists are no exception.

Edit the use of mobile phones in this paragraph.

Japanese mobile phone

Japan is a country where mobile phones are very popular, but there are many places in Japan that restrict the use of mobile phones, especially in public places, such as trams. Under normal circumstances, Japanese people don't make phone calls in cars. If they answer the phone, they should keep their voice to a minimum, reply briefly in a few words, and call the other party after getting off the bus, otherwise it will bring unhappiness to the people around them. In Japan, high-end restaurants, hospitals, theaters and other public facilities generally prohibit the use of mobile phones.

Japanese people don't like purple and think it is a sad tone; The most taboo is green, which is considered unlucky. They avoid using numbers like 9 and 4; They also taboo three people taking pictures together, thinking that the middle person is sandwiched between the left and right people, which is an unlucky omen. The Japanese hate gold and silver cats and think that people who see such cats will be unlucky; They don't like foxes either.

social usage

The general characteristics of Japanese social customs can be summarized in the following words: be polite to others and welcome with a smile; Greet each other, bow and salute, be humble and polite, and pay attention to rules; Language civilization speaks politely, and the conversation is willing to whisper; White and yellow are loved by people, green and purple are taboo for turtles and cranes to live a long and auspicious life, and foxes and badgers are rejected by everyone. In the details of life, there are the following characteristics: Japanese love to use self-deprecating language in social activities and are good at belittling themselves. "Please pay more attention", "Poor food, poor care" and so on are common pleasantries they use. They attach great importance to the beauty of clothes and appearance. In public, they usually wear formal clothes, especially suits. Their favorite clothes are kimonos. They have the custom of worshipping and worshipping "7", which is said to be related to the light, warmth and life brought to the world by the sun, moon, mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Japanese people have the habit of drinking tea, and generally like to drink warm tea. When pouring tea, their polite habit is to pour it to 80% full to show the most respect to the guests. When they drink, they like to pour wine between the host and the guest, and they are not used to pouring wine themselves, that is, after the host pours wine for them, the guest immediately pours wine from the bottle to the host. People think that pouring wine to each other in this way can show the equality and friendship between host and guest. Japanese people are not used to entertaining guests with cigarettes. When they smoke by themselves, they generally don't respect their guests. Because smoking is harmful to health, it can't be used to entertain close friends. Japanese people have a strong sense of hierarchy, and the boundaries between superiors and subordinates and between the older generation and the younger generation are clearly defined. Women generally respect men. They'd better give gifts in social activities, and pay attention to the benefits and colors of gifts. They often give small gifts to others; Generally speaking, yellow and white or red and white are the first choice in gifts for auspicious events, and black, white or gray are often used in gifts for unfortunate events. They have deep feelings for white and regard it as a pure color; The Japanese still love yellow, thinking that yellow is the color of sunshine, which gives people the joy and security of survival. They like animals such as turtles and cranes. People think that these animals give people the impression of good luck and longevity. Sakura is the national flower of Japan, and I like its pure, elegant and noble charm. Love cherry blossoms bring people a beautiful spring; I like the generous character of Sakura without hesitation. They believe that cherry blossoms are the pride of the Japanese nation and a symbol of the hardworking, brave and intelligent Japanese people.

Japanese bow etiquette

Japanese people usually bow when they meet. It is advisable for familiar people to bow to each other for two or three seconds when they meet; If you meet a good friend, you will bend over a little longer; When you meet people with higher social status and elders, you have to wait for the other person to look up, and sometimes even bow a few times. They also shake hands in social situations. There are also many manners and manners in rural Japan. When women bid farewell to relatives and friends, they usually kneel down (that is, kneel down); A man's farewell ceremony is a clogs-shaking ceremony. The etiquette of meeting people in Xiayi (Ainu people) in Japan is to put their hands together first, then slowly raise them to their foreheads, palms outward, the man patting his beard and the woman patting his upper lip, and then shake hands with each other. Bowing is a traditional greeting in Japan, which has been gradually replaced by shaking hands. When traveling in Japan, if the host reaches out, shake hands. If the host bows, it is best to bow back, with his hands hanging down and his body bent to waist level. If the Japanese go home, they usually bow first when they open the door and then when they come back. Not necessarily. For example, in Japan, there are obvious differences between men and women. Generally speaking, women bow to men first. In Japan, the bow returns to the sub-standing bow and kneeling bow: standing bow: preparing the "real ceremony" in a standing position, and then the two hands together gradually separate, slide down against the two thighs, and the fingertips touch the upper edge of the knee. At the same time, the upper body begins to tilt from the waist, and the head, back and legs are arched nearly 90 degrees (don't just bow without bowing, or just bend without bowing), and pause slightly to show sincere respect for each other. Then, bow should be coordinated with breathing, exhale when bending over, and inhale when standing up straight, so that the du meridian of the posterior midline of the human body and the ren meridian of the brain circulate in a small week. Salute at the same speed as others to avoid embarrassment. The essentials of "salute" are the same as "true ceremony", just put your hands in the middle of your thighs, and your head, back and legs are arched about 120 degrees. The "grass ceremony" only needs to lean forward slightly and put your hands on the root of your thighs. The head, back and legs are about 150 degrees, which is the same as "real ceremony". If the host is standing and the guest is sitting on a chair (stool), the guest will respond by sitting. The "real ceremony" is prepared by sitting posture. When saluting, move your hands forward along your thighs to your knees, lean forward and bow your head, but your head, neck and back are flat and curved, pause for a moment, slowly straighten your upper body and restore your sitting posture. When "saluting", both hands move to the middle along the thigh, and the rest are the same as "true ceremony". The "grass ceremony" is just putting your hands on the roots of your thighs and leaning slightly. Bow down: The "true ceremony" is prepared in a kneeling position, with the back and neck straight and the upper body leaning forward. At the same time, your hands gradually slide down from your knees, your palms touch the ground, your fingertips are diagonally opposite, and your body leans towards the gap between your chest and knees, leaving only one fist (don't bow your head, don't bow your head), and your body leans forward 45 degrees, slightly. The same salute, the action should be coordinated with breathing, exhale when bending, inhale when straightening, and the speed should be consistent with others. The method of "salute" is similar to "real ceremony", but only the first half of both hands touch the ground (the second hand can touch the ground above the knuckles) and lean forward about 55 degrees; When performing "Cao Li", only two fingers touch the ground and lean forward about 65 degrees.

General etiquette

The usual meeting etiquette is to bow deeply without shaking hands. Get ready to exchange business cards. Don't call me by my first name. Only family members and very close friends will use their first names. When addressing the other party as "Mr XXX", add the word "three" after the surname.

Appointment and punctuality

Whether it is a business appointment or a social appointment, you should arrive on time.

If the Japanese give you a gift, thank him, but don't accept it until he insists on giving it again and again. When you receive a gift, you should hold it with both hands. Japanese people like to be given gifts. Gifts should be wrapped in soft-colored paper, without circular decorative knots. They especially like brandy and frozen steak. Pairs of gifts are considered as symbols of good luck, so buttons on shirt cuffs and matching pens and pencils are particularly popular. Don't give four pieces of anything, because the pronunciation of the word "four" in Japanese is the same as the word "death".

Talk to each other

The taboo topic is World War II.

Taboos for editing this paragraph.

Most Japanese believe in Shinto (Japan's inherent religion, that is, worship the ancestors of the emperor, the gods and the Great Shinto) and Mahayana Buddhism; There is a teaching of "no food in the afternoon". They don't like purple, and think purple is a sad tone; Most taboo green, think green is an ominous color. Japanese taboo "4" is mainly because the pronunciation of "4" and "death" is similar, which is very unlucky; They are especially afraid of "9" when giving gifts, and they will mistakenly think that you regard your host as a robber. It is also taboo for three people to "take a photo" together. They think it is an unfortunate omen to be caught between people on the left and right. Japanese people have many taboos about sending flowers: no giving or decorating lotus flowers; Avoid camellia, cyclamen and pale yellow and white flowers when visiting patients. Because when camellia withers, the whole flower head falls to the ground, which is unlucky; Cyclamen flower is pronounced as "Xi Ku Lamian Noodles" in Japanese, and the pronunciation of "Xi" is similar to that of "death" in Japanese. Pale yellow and white flowers that the Japanese traditionally dislike. They are wary of chrysanthemums or things decorated with floral patterns, because it is a symbol of the royal family, and generally dare not and cannot accept such gifts or courtesy. The Japanese hate things decorated with foxes and badgers. They think foxes are greedy and cunning, while badgers are cunning. They also hate cats with gold and silver eyes. I think it will be depressing to see such a cat. They are afraid of touching other people's bodies and think it is impolite. They dare not give them containers full of things to reuse; Avoid putting hot water into washing water; Taboo to cut nails at night; Avoid washing things to dry at night; Don't sleep or lie down with your head facing north. Generally, Japanese people don't want to ask the price of things their friends buy, because it is impolite. Similarly, it is impolite if you evaluate what the other person bought. Because the Japanese don't want each other to feel that their economic strength is low, they only buy cheap goods.

Japanese avoid "eight chopsticks"

Japanese chopsticks

There are many taboos for Japanese to use chopsticks: avoid inserting chopsticks into rice, thinking it means offering sacrifices to the dead; Avoid licking chopsticks with your tongue, which is considered extremely unsightly; Avoid using chopsticks and eating with food in between, thinking that this should not be an appropriate move at the table; Don't use chopsticks to pick up food, which is considered a bad habit, and people think it is a lack of morality; Don't use chopsticks to move one dish without eating, and then move another dish, thinking that this picky behavior will make people laugh; Avoid putting chopsticks horizontally on the plate, thinking that it will remind people of unfortunate things; Avoid using chopsticks instead of toothpicks to pick teeth, thinking that it is unsanitary and will make people sick; Avoid twisting chopsticks and licking the rice grains stuck to them with your mouth, which is considered a bad habit and worthless; Avoid using chopsticks to find food upstream of the table, which is considered to be a sign of lack of education; Don't use the same pair of chopsticks to let everyone take turns to pick up food, because it will remind people of the scene of passing on the bone colonization of the deceased in the Buddhist cremation ceremony. There are also many etiquette taboos in Japanese diet; When entertaining guests, it is forbidden to fill the rice too full, nor to fill it with a spoon and a bowl; It is enough to forbid guests to eat one bowl, and symbolically add a second bowl, because eating only one bowl is considered as a symbol of no chance; It is forbidden to tidy clothes or touch your hair during meals, because it is unsanitary and impolite. Japanese people generally don't eat fat and pig offal; Some people don't eat mutton and duck.

eating habits

Japanese drinks have Japan's inherent "Japanese cuisine"; "China cuisine" from China; "Western food" from Europe and so on. Japan's special geographical environment determines their unique eating habits. The biggest feature of "Japanese cuisine" is that seafood such as fish, shrimp and shellfish are used as cooking ingredients, whether hot, cold, raw or cooked. Their staple food is rice, and other major cereals are wheat, barley, millet, corn, buckwheat, glutinous rice, soybeans, adzuki beans and sweet potatoes. Some of these staple foods are made into steamed rice and some are made into cooked rice; Porridge, chowder porridge, fried rice, bean paste rice balls, brown seeds, etc. ; Others are made into rice flour dumplings, rice cakes, bread, scones, noodles, steamed bread and so on. They always like to eat red bean rice on their birthdays to show good luck. They like sauce and miso soup very much, because it contains a lot of protein and iron, and it is easy to digest, suitable for the old, the weak and the sick, and it is also one of the indispensable recipes for Japanese families. Japanese people have the following characteristics in their eating habits: ① Pay attention to the quality and quantity of dishes and the nutritional value of dishes. The taste is average, but I don't like it too salty, too sweet, too sour and slightly spicy. 3 staple food is used to rice as the staple food. I am interested in fried rice, red bean rice, assorted fried rice, eight-treasure rice, steamed stuffed bun, jiaozi, noodle soup and fried noodles. ④ Non-staple food loves to eat fish, especially sashimi; They like to eat beef, wild birds, eggs, shrimp, crabs, kelp and lean pork. I also like to eat seaweed, green vegetables, eggplant, cabbage, cucumber, radish, bamboo shoots, celery, tomatoes, spinach, bean sprouts, green peppers, cauliflower, cabbage, fresh mushrooms, fungus and tofu. Seasonings like seaweed, ginger, sugar, sesame, soy sauce and so on. ⑤ Cooking methods prefer cold dishes, fried dishes, fried dishes, steamed dishes, fried dishes and skewers. Chinese food likes Beijing food, Shanghai food, Cantonese food and Sichuan food which is not too spicy in China. 7 recipes

Taboo of spoon

There are many taboos about spoons in Japan, which shows that spoons are closely related to Japanese life. For example, when eating, you can't greet guests while holding a spoon. You must put the spoon away first, and then get up and greet the guests. Even if the guest has come to your side, you must put the spoon on the table before talking to the guest. Otherwise, for a well-educated family, this is a very impolite behavior. You will not be accepted by others. In ancient Japan, prostitutes walked to the crossroads with spoons at night and waved them in four directions, hoping that more guests would patronize. It is precisely because they use spoons in their careers that some people call prostitutes "spoons". Now you should know how embarrassed it is to swing around with a spoon in your hand, especially female friends. In Japan, we must pay attention to this etiquette so as not to cause unnecessary trouble. In daily life, there are many taboos about spoons. For example, it is forbidden to lick spoons with your mouth and tongue, which is similar to the etiquette of western food. Even if there is food on the spoon, you must not remove it directly with your mouth or tongue. Find other ways. Because spoons are generally used to scoop soup or hold liquid food, they are public utensils. If you touch it with your mouth, it will affect the reuse of others. This is extremely impolite behavior, and even within the family, this etiquette needs to be observed. According to Japanese legend, if someone touches a spoon with their mouth while eating, it will rain, and when they get married, they will encounter dogs barking, which is unlucky, and they will get sick, or their children will have flat faces and spoons. There is also a taboo to carry rice on your back with a spoon, so that women can become stepmother in the future, and so on. It can also be seen from these taboos that the older generation of Japanese regard spoons as sacred, powerful and supernatural things. Japanese Tea Ceremony Etiquette Japanese tea ceremony carried forward and deepened the cultural self-restraint spirit of "tea banquet" and "tea bucket" in Tang and Song Dynasties, and formed a national culture with strong national characteristics and styles. At the same time, it inevitably shows the great influence of tea culture with the profound connotation of China's traditional virtues. According to the tradition of tea ceremony, when inviting guests into the teahouse, the host should kneel in front of the door to welcome them, and there are rules from pushing the door, bowing down, bowing and even greeting. The guests attending the tea party sit in different positions according to their status. The host and guest must sit on the host's hand (that is, on the left). At this time, the host will go to the "water house" to get the wind stove, teapot, water injection, white charcoal and other utensils, while the guests can enjoy the furnishings, calligraphy and painting, flowers and other decorations in the tea room. After returning to the teahouse with utensils, the shopkeeper knelt on the tatami to make a fire and boil water, and took out a little incense from the incense box to light it. During the period of boiling water on the wind stove, the host will go to the water house again to be busy, and then the guests will walk freely in the garden in front of the teahouse. When the host prepared all the tea ceremony utensils, the water boiled and the guests re-entered the teahouse, and the tea ceremony officially began. When making tea, the host should first clean all kinds of tea sets with tea towels (the folding method of tea towels is also specially stipulated), then take two or three teaspoons of tea powder from the teapot with a tea spoon, put it in a tea bowl, then pour boiling water into it, and then make tea with the teapot in a stirring bowl until the tea soup bubbles. When guests drink tea, they should give a "tut-tut" compliment to the host's "good tea". After the host and guest finish drinking tea, the remaining guests can pass the tea one by one, and then return the tea bowl to the host after drinking. Guests drinking tea can also be divided into "round drinking" or "single drinking". That is, guests take turns tasting a bowl of tea or drinking a bowl of tea alone. Tea ceremony etiquette is not only about drinking tea, but also including the appreciation of tea ceremony instruments mainly in tea bowls, the decoration of tea rooms, the tea garden environment in front of tea rooms and the spiritual communication between host and guest. In the whole tea party, the host and guest have specific etiquette in walking, standing, sitting, sending and receiving tea bowls, drinking tea, watching tea sets, and even cleaning bowls, placing objects and talking. The tea ceremony usually lasts about two hours. After the end, the host must kneel outside the lattice door of the teahouse again to accept the parting praise of the guests. Japanese tea ceremony emphasizes cultivating sentiment and perfecting personality through tea tasting, emphasizing a noble spirit, elegant ceremony and harmony between subject and object. There are three rituals in Japanese tea ceremony: charcoal fire ceremony, strong tea ceremony and light tea ceremony. Charcoal ceremony: Charcoal ceremony is the process of preparing charcoal for the ground stove or tea stove that burns tea. The front seat and the rear seat are respectively provided with a first charcoal ceremony and a rear charcoal ceremony. Including preparing charcoal burning tools, cleaning the ground furnace, adjusting the temperature, removing charcoal ash, adding charcoal, occupying incense and so on. Strong tea ceremony and weak tea ceremony: strong tea ceremony and weak tea ceremony are a set of procedures for the host to make tea and the guests to taste tea. Under normal circumstances, the host first puts a little powdered tea powder into a porcelain bowl, then adds water, uses a special bamboo pole to stir the tea powder into a paste, and then adds water to three quarters of the bowl. When drinking, pick up the tea bowl in your right hand and put it on your left hand, then turn the tea bowl from the opposite side to the front, carefully taste it, sip it slowly and return it to the owner. Every time a tea ceremony is held, the host will kneel outside the movable lattice door of the teahouse to welcome guests. The first person to enter the teahouse must be the chief guest (called the guest of honor), followed by other guests. After the guest enters the room, both the host and the guest should bow. There are two kinds of standing and kneeling postures, which can be divided into true, walking and grass according to the degree of bending. Use "real ceremony" between host and guest, "salute" between guests, and "grass ceremony" before and after speaking.