Vegetable distribution and transportation mode has the requirements of large carrying capacity, low cost, low investment, high speed and little influence from seasonal and environmental changes. At present, various modes of transportation have their own advantages and disadvantages, such as convenient road transportation and low cost, but large vibration, slow speed, small carrying capacity and low efficiency. Ocean transportation has a large carrying capacity and low cost, but it is easily limited by geographical conditions, and navigation is greatly affected by seasons. Inland river transportation has the advantages of low cost, large carrying capacity, smooth running, less vibration damage, but slow speed. Railway transportation has a large carrying capacity, high speed, safety, punctuality and is not affected by seasons, but where there is no railway, it cannot be delivered directly. The advantage of air transportation is that it is not limited by terrain conditions, and its running speed is fast. Vegetables are less damaged in transit, but the traffic volume is small and the freight rate is high. The optimization of vegetable distribution and transportation refers to the optimization of the transportation process of transporting vegetables from the place of origin to the place of sale in time and safely with the fastest speed, the lowest cost, the shortest journey and the least links.

The poor transportation network is the main factor of the shortage of vegetable transportation capacity and the high transportation price. In order to change the backward transportation network, the state must increase investment and make continuous large-scale investment. At the same time, we should also mobilize social forces to set up transportation. In rural areas, highway construction can also be carried out through "replacing pregnancy with work". In terms of the focus of transportation development, due to the differences in social and economic conditions, the specific practices of countries around the world are very different. Countries with large territory generally focus on overall development, with roads, railways and waterways together; And some countries with smaller territory focus on one aspect first. China has a vast territory, the natural and geographical conditions vary greatly from place to place, and the development level of agricultural commodity economy is uneven. We should make full use of all kinds of traffic conditions and means of transport for overall development. Transportation refers to the mode of transportation in which the operation of fresh vegetables is kept at a specified low temperature from the place of origin to the destination. "Cold chain" transportation can inhibit microbial reproduction and enzyme activity during transportation, prevent vegetables from rotting and reduce losses during transportation. At present, refrigerated trucks, refrigerated containers, refrigerated cabinets and other equipment are widely used in the fields of roads, railways, large ships and air transportation. Container transportation is a modern and advanced way of transportation, and it is one of the three categories of railway freight transportation (whole-line, less-than-truckload and container).