The legendary story of a jingle in Nanming District

Shen Qiyuan

There is a jingle among the old place names in Nanming District. Because it sounds cadence, catchy and easy to remember. The jingle is: "Yujiaba, Ergezhai, Sanbanqiao, Sifang River, Wuliguan, Liudong Bridge, Qilichong, Balitun, Jiujialu and Shililing Street." The jingle records the old place names of Nanming District with the method of beginning with numbers and homophonic. The place names are named after dam, bridge, river, Guan, Chong, Tun, Jie and Zhai, which reflects the natural attributes of place names.

Place names are social phenomena, historical phenomena, historical records of human civilization, reflections of national psychology and local customs, closely related to people's lives, and intangible human cultural heritage. It has distinctive national color, local color and times color, and often has certain historical content. Some place names also provide historical clues and basis for studying historical issues.

The Legend of Yujiaba

There is an alley called Mishi Lane near the street corner of Jiandao, and its top meets Xinglong West Lane on the north side of Xinhua Road. There is a place called Yujiaba on one side of the interchange, where there is nothing special except a few old Gleditsia sinensis trees. Why is this place called Yujiaba? There is a legend among the local old population.

in the early years of Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor, and the rule of Yuan Dynasty quickly collapsed in Guizhou. Those Mongolian dignitaries who used to rule Guizhou in Shunyuan City (now part of the territory of Nanming District and Yunyan District) lost their dependence and lived in fear all day, each making plans on how to escape and save their lives. Some powerful people fled to Yunnan with their treasures, while those who were unable to fly away were renamed and hid among the people in the four townships and eight villages. When the Mongolian aristocrats ruled Shunyuan City, they divided people into several classes, among which the Mongols were the noblest, the Han people and other ethnic groups were the lowest, and they were devastated and oppressed. The establishment of the Ming Dynasty set off a wave of revenge among ethnic groups, and many Mongolians who made late ideas were killed. A Mongolian surnamed Tuogu Jin quietly moved with his family to a place called "Golden Admiralty" (now Jinzhu Town, Huaxi District). His family has lived in Guizhou for several generations, and his life, language and habits are similar to those of the locals. In order to avoid others seeing that his family is Mongolian, he dare not say that his surname is Tuogu Jin. Because the place where he moved was called "Admiralty Park" and there was a word "Jin" in his family name, it was logical to change his family name to "Jin". The Kim family honestly opened up land in their place of residence and lived in peace for several years. Because he used to enjoy an easy life in the past, he couldn't bear the poverty and loneliness of his place of residence. The eldest son of the Kim family often drowned his sorrows by drinking, and gradually lost his vigilance. In the past, his constantly chauffeured temper relapsed. Once drunk and injured villagers, they blurted out a few Mongolian words, thus revealing the clues. The angered villagers gathered hundreds of people to chase them to their homes with hoes and rakes, and Laojin was killed on the spot, and the family was beaten to pieces. The two sons of the Kim family, who were young and strong, fled the south gate of Shunyuan City, homeless, and settled down in a cave next to several large acacia trees. The two brothers felt sorry for themselves and could not starve to death with their eyes open, so they learned from the local people to find two poles and buckets and went to Nanming River to fetch water and sell them for a living. As time went by, the two brothers got calluses on their shoulders, became docile in temper, and had some savings in their hands, so they built a hut next to the cave. The villagers nearby have always been kind enough to help their neighbors. Seeing that the two brothers are very diligent, someone asked their names and surnames to help them match up and propose marriage. The two brothers were afraid to tell the truth about their surname Jin, and the eldest brother had a brainwave. He removed the gold character of the surname Jin and said that their family name was Yu. Since then, the two brothers have married and had children, and their family business has gradually prospered. It turned out that this sparsely populated place gradually became lively, and dozens of tile houses were built, which were called "Yujiaba" and passed down. When Yujiaba rebuilt the old city in the early 21th century, all the residents moved and built a residential area named "Wujiang Xinyuan" by Wujiang Electric Power Company.

the origin of the name of Ergezhai Village

When it comes to Ergezhai Village, Guiyang people all know that it is the location of Guiyang South Railway Station, the largest railway hub station in southwest China. In fact, Ergezhai Village is a Buyi village on the side of Guiyang South Railway Station. Ergezhai was originally called Ergezhai, which was a Miao village in the Ming Dynasty. In order to safeguard their own interests and security, Miao compatriots fortified this place to prevent their officers and men from invading. The Miao leader sent his son named Second Brother to stick to the village. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the government sent Fu Youde, a general from the south, to send troops to suppress the Miao people who attacked Mengguan, and besieged the village. His second brother resisted until he ran out of ammunition and committed suicide. It is said that the second brother couldn't stand up when he died, and all the officers and men were surprised after seeing it, so they told Fu Youde about it. Fu came to visit him personally and bowed down to the body of the second brother, and the body of the second brother fell down. Later, the Miao people named this village Ergezhai in order to show their respect for their second brother's devotion to national interests. Later, he thought the name of the second brother was indecent, so he renamed the second brother village as the second brother village according to the meaning of "the second brother defended the state of Chu" in the book Zuo Zhuan.

Maher sandals of Sanbanqiao

Sanbanqiao is an old place name in Guiyang, and now it is called Hanxiang Street. A small street from Xingshi Road in the south (the old name is Dushi Lion and Fenzipo) to Zhongshan East Road in the north (the old name is Sanlangpo and Xiaoxiong). Because it is located in the city center, there are many pedestrians coming and going. During the Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty (1851~1861), there was a drainage ditch flowing through this street from Fushui South Road (old place name Fude Street). In order to make it convenient for people to pass, a small bridge was built on the drainage ditch with three boards for pedestrians to pass, hence the name Sanbanqiao. In the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), the wooden bridge was rebuilt into a small stone bridge, and it was still paved with three stone slabs. The back pavement was heightened, and the drainage ditch was changed into an open ditch and covered with a road. Since then, no trace of the bridge has been seen, so there is a saying that "the bridge is not seen when crossing the bridge". There was an ancestral temple in this street, dedicated to Han ministers Xiao He and Cao Can, which was called Han Xiangci. Hanxiangci was changed to Dade Girls' School after the Revolution of 1911. At that time, Sanbanqiao was once called Hanxiangci. In the 1941s, this street was renamed Hanxiang Road. During the "Cultural Revolution", some people thought that the name of this road was feudal, and there were more Hunan residents living in this street, so the word "Xiang" was added with three points of water to make it Hanxiang Street.

In the past, many residents of this street were engaged in the manual work of playing straw sandals, and the people in Guiyang verbally called this street "Straw Shoes Street". Speaking of the hemp-eared straw sandals of Banqiao in Guiyang, the old Guiyang people don't know much now. Especially in summer, wearing a pair of hemp-ear sandals is beautiful, cool and very comfortable.

The raw materials for the production of straw sandals in Sanbanqiao are mainly late rice straw (i.e. straw stalk, also called rice straw), green hemp and thread (straw sandals thread processed with cotton thread) in Huishui and Qingyan. There are mainly five kinds of straw sandals: the first kind is called walking straw sandals, which use straw to hit the bottom plate and have sparse thread ears, which is the lowest among straw sandals. The second type is called processing straw sandals, which use straw to hit the bottom plate, and have more thread ears, which are closer than straw sandals and are carefully processed. The third kind is called flower-covered shoes, also called flower-tied sandals. This kind of straw sandals has tight and meticulous shoes, and the ears are covered all over the shoes. There are two kinds of tying flowers: weaving flowers and tying flowers. Weaving patterns such as white flowers, five petals of flowers and cross flowers with different colors at the ear line; Flower-tying is to tie a pompon-style flower decoration made of thread at the bridge of shoes, which gives people a sense of beauty. The fourth kind is called hemp straw sandals, also known as hemp straw sandals. Shoe boards are all made of green hemp, and the thread ears are tight. This kind of straw sandals is wear-resistant and not easy to be damaged, and it is a brand in Sanbanqiao straw sandals. The fifth kind is called rubber band sandals, which are made of rubber bands and wear-resistant shoes. It was a popular variety from 1948 to the early liberation.

The main sales targets of straw sandals in Sanbanqiao are traders and passers-by, and the collective purchase is mainly the army. In case of military purchase, a batch is hundreds of pairs, which are supplied by households in a centralized way, and processed day and night if the amount is insufficient. On April 8 every year, ethnic minorities go to the city to celebrate the holidays, and the street of straw sandals is bustling with pedestrians, so the demand for woven flowers and shoes is in short supply. Legend has it that the founder of Dharma was the ancestor of playing sandals, and the operators of sandals went to the temple in Dongshan or Qianling Mountain every year to worship the founder of Dharma and have dinner on the mountain. During the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Bei was born with straw sandals, and some people who played straw sandals in Sanbanqiao were provided with idols of Liu Bei.

anecdotes about Sifang River

The name of Sifang River first appeared in the Picture Classic of Guizhou in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, and was also recorded in Jiajing's Annals of Guizhou. The Complete Records of Guo Zizhang in the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty said: "... the four-way river whistle, the dry shadow pond whistle. There are 21 officers and men and 11 militiamen stationed at Sifang River Whistle. Sifang River is a section of the river name where Nanming River enters the area, and it is also the name of a Buyi village named Ge. According to Ge Peigao, an old stockaded village official in 1982, his ancestors moved from Luling County, Ji 'an Prefecture, Jiangxi Province in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. A village was built in a place near the mountain and water outside Guiyang. As a section of the river seen in front of the stockade was flat and square, it was named Sifang River. The name of Sifang River was quickly recognized by everyone, and it also became the village name of the built cottage, which has been called so far. Sifang Hezhai sits west to east, backed by green hills, facing green water, surrounded by mountains and water, and the good city is consolidated. At the rock pass of Sifang River, there is a stone boat on the only way into the village, half of which extends on the road and half extends into the river. There is a stone saddle on the side of the road, which is a thing to add scenery. It is called "riding into the green hills and taking a boat down the green waters". During the light years of the Qing Dynasty, there were many figures in Sifang River Village, such as Ge Fengming, who was awarded the title of "Wudelang" by the Qing government, Ge Fengxiang, Ge Rong, who was awarded the title of "Wudelang" during the Guangxu period, and Ge Chengfang, who was awarded the title of "Scholar of Chinese Studies", and Ge Ziyi and Ge Yan.

The story of Liudong Bridge

Liudong Bridge is located in the south of Guiyang, that is, a section of the Guancheng River (a Yudai River) behind the Customs Building, and it is named after six bridges. The original name of Liudong Bridge was Yuedian Hongqiao, and the Qing Dynasty's Guizhou Tongzhi said: "Yuedian Hongqiao was also named Liudong Bridge before (Guiyang) county governance." "Guiyang Fuzhi" said: "Six-hole Bridge, in front of Yongxiang Temple, formerly known as Yuedian Hongqiao, has Bridge Six." Since the reign of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, it was known as Liudong Bridge because of its "Six Bridges", and it was used until the 1951s, and later renamed Liudong Street.

Liudong Bridge has been a good place for Guiyang people to play without leaving the city for five or six hundred years in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The Guancheng River under the bridge is clear and green, like jade, also known as Yudai River. Ancient temples, such as Yongxiang Temple, Jixiang Temple, Qianming Temple, Huayan Temple, Doumu Pavilion, Sansheng Palace, Huaguang Temple, Suigong Palace and Tianhou Palace, are built in Yitushan on the south bank of the bridge and on both sides of the bridge, which are connected by mountains and rivers, forming a natural scenic spot. Why are six single-hole stone bridges built on the river less than 81 meters? There are two folk legends: one is that Taoism is China and Buddhism is a foreign religion in feudal society. After Buddhism was introduced, there was a contradiction between the two religions. When building a bridge, the Taoist priest built the bridge, but the monk didn't want to go, and the Taoist priest built the bridge. As a result, you built one, I built one, and six stone bridges were built in the river less than 81 meters. On the other hand, a six-hole bridge was built to cultivate geomantic omen. The ancients in China liked to imitate. For example, there were "eight scenic spots in the capital" in Beijing, so all the provincial capitals, counties and counties in China listed eight local scenery, and Guiyang also listed eight scenic spots. There is a West Lake in Hangzhou, and Guiyang calls the section of the river below Jiaxiulou Xiaoxihu. There are six bridges in Hangzhou West Lake, so Guiyang built six bridges on a section of the river where Yudai River flows into Nanming River. Each of the six bridges in West Lake has an elegant name. The six bridges in Guiyang only use the general name of "Moon Temple Hongqiao", which means that the six-hole bridge is like six rainbows in the Moon Palace. Therefore, at that time, there were two proverbs like a couplet that summarized this scenic spot: "One slope, nine temples; Half a river, six-hole bridge. " During the reign of Qing Qianlong and Jiaqing, He Lv ■, a poetess in Guiyang, lived in Liudong Bridge. She wrote a poem of Liudong Yanyu Building, in which "Looking at the Six Bridges at Night" said: "The river is picturesque, and sometimes people sell flowers to cross the bridge. The sound of a rock follows the flowing water, and the double column shadows the sunset. Qing generals are only as angry as Lampe in summer, and Qiu Guang is a wicker. The most bitter clothes anvil is anxious, and it has never been sent far away. " In the old days, Guiyang people's laundry depended on the river and well water, and it was washed repeatedly by hand. "Beating clothes sticks and sticks" became a necessary thing for home laundry. The poem written by the female poet two hundred years ago not only eulogized the picturesque scenery along the Xialiu Bridge in Qiu Guang, but also described a folk custom painting of women washing clothes by the river, beating their pestles, being both bitter and happy, and full of thoughts.

Liudong Bridge was not only famous for its picturesque scenery in the Qing Dynasty, but also a famous person from China was born here in the 17th year of Daoguang (1837). He was Zhang Zhidong, a former governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, governor of Hunan and Hubei, minister of military aircraft and one of the leaders of the Westernization School in the late Qing Dynasty. Zhang Zhidong built Daye Iron Mine and Daye Sanshi Wang Coal Mine in Hubei during the term of Governor Huguang, and opened Hanyang Iron Works, newly-established Hanyang Arsenal and Hubei Cement Works. It has made great contributions to the development of heavy industry in China.

Balitun-the birthplace of abundant water

Balitun was named after being stationed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, eight miles away from Guiyang City. Balitun is the birthplace of rich water in Nanming River tributary, and now it is a natural village in Youzha Village, Yunguan Township. In the west of his village, there is a mouth 4? Dajing (also known as Longjing), which is 6m in diameter, 3m in width and 2m in depth, is an ancient drinking well with flowing springs all the year round. The flowing water from the big well flows out of Balitun, passes through Longjiazhai, Shujia Village and reaches the vicinity of Hongqiao, forming a river with little flow called rich water and pouring into Nanming River. When talking about the scenic spots in Guiyang, the old local chronicles said: "The water is rich around the front, the mountains are surrounded by the back, the fertile fields are in the middle, and the mountains and four villages are restored." The ancient city of Guiyang is built between rich water and expensive mountains, which shows that the ancients attached great importance to rich water. Rich water flows through Balitun, Longjiazhai, Shujia Village and Hongqiao, which is beneficial to irrigation and makes farmland harvest. It is a rich Guiyang river. There used to be a stone arch bridge named Nanpu Bridge at the entrance of Nanming River where the rich water flowed. In ancient Guiyang, people traveled far away, and most of the people who saw them off said goodbye here. Cao Shijin wrote in a poem: "Rich water smells the local accent, and now ride a horse. ■ The clothes are fine in the wind, and the pomegranate fire is bright. A scholar and an Rusu, Erhu enjoys a good name? When you are lucky, you shrink, and everything is always profitable. " The whole poem describes the scenery of Nanpu farewell party with horses, clothes in the wind and bright fire, and also the scenery of "everything is full of water". Water-rich river is listed as one of the eight scenic spots in Guiyang in Qing Dynasty.

Legend of Nine Stoves

The area around Chenjiapo in Nanming District was originally called "Nine Stoves", and a folk song sang: "The red rice in Central Cao is cooked, and the Chinese fir in Yongle is thick with two arms. The sickle in the field is an axe on the mountain, and the steel fire needs nine stoves." Some elderly farmers love to say: nine stoves of sickles, "finely dipped" in steel fire, and 13 old scales, which are only as wide as willow leaves, can still be repaired. The heyday of Jiujia Furnace was in Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, and there were only a few blacksmiths left here from the end of Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China until liberation. Where did the name of the nine stoves come from? There are two legends among the people: one is that Zhuge Liang went south from Sichuan in the third year of Zhangwu in Shu Han, and performed his colorful military action to capture Meng Huo and appease the people of all ethnic groups in South China. At first, armies of all walks of life went hand in hand, and attacked Yelang's troops, led by Ma Zhong, and killed Zhu Bao, the satrap of Sui Si. In order to restrain one side, Zhuge Liang ordered this army to stay in the northern border of Guju Lan (now Guiyang), specializing in the construction of military equipment and the transfer of grain and rice supplies. After the army was stationed, Ma Zhong entrusted Wang Zhi to be in charge of the forging of military weapons and the storage of materials. Wang Zhi didn't know the art of smelting iron. When the weapons were used in the battlefield, they were either curled or broken, and often violated the military aircraft by mistake, and they were punished a lot. Mr. Cai, a book case under Wang Zhi's account, recommended his fellow countryman Ye Feng in Jingzhou to forge weapons. Ye Feng is a famous cast iron craftsman and a descendant of Mo Xie. At that time, King Chu Zhao ordered the general to cast iron, which lasted for three years and was cast into male and female swords.