Account settings exit my question, and my answer is at the top of my recommended question form.

Shijiazhuang? Culture?

Shijiazhuang, located in the south-central part of Hebei Province, is the capital of Hebei Province. It was called "Shimen" in ancient times, with a total area of about 1.58 million square kilometers. The area where Shijiazhuang is located is an area where human civilization developed earlier, and its cultural heritage is very profound. 1947165438+1October 12 Shijiazhuang became the first large and medium-sized city liberated by the national * * * production party. On February 26th of the same year, it was officially renamed as Shijiazhuang. Today, Shijiazhuang has developed into a modern city. The city is full of tall buildings and wide streets. "Minxin River" is more like a jade belt around the city. There are more than 20 parks along the river, decorating the city like flowers. ?

Traditional drama

Shijiazhuang silk string is also called string room, string room, Hexi tune, drum room, roller room, daughter room and so on. It is one of the unique ancient operas in Hebei Province and a rare local opera in China. The Sixian Opera in Shijiazhuang is mainly popular in most areas of Hebei Province and the eastern part of Jinzhong. At present, the origin of this drama cannot be verified. It is generally believed that the early Sixian Opera evolved on the basis of Yuan Zaju and Ming and Qing folk songs. In the early years of Qing Dynasty, Sixian Opera was widely popular in most areas of Hebei and was deeply loved by the masses. As the most prominent representative of Yanzhao culture, Sixian in Shijiazhuang has great creativity and plays an important role in Hebei local operas. There has always been a saying that "Gao Kun's wise men don't leave home" and "one Gao Kun is two high schools and three wise men". On May 20th, 2006, Shijiazhuang Sixian was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage.

Traditional music

Changshan Drum originated in Zhengding, Shijiazhuang, and was named after Changshan County Administration in ancient times. ? Changshan drum has a long history. It is said that it took shape as early as the Warring States period and was the most popular in the Ming Dynasty. Zhengding longxing temple was built in the Sui Dynasty, and the stone seat of the giant Buddha is engraved with the relief of ancient drums. In Zhengding County Records, there are such records: "Chengzhai market, gongs and drums are empty" and "the streets are noisy and blocked on the road". It can be seen that Zhao Yan "has many bold and sad people since ancient times, and there are also many magnificent drums." Changshan War Drum is a folk music composed of percussion instruments such as drums, large cymbals, medium cymbals, small cymbals and small gongs. Its qupai is mostly composed of a series of gongs and drums that can be played separately, mainly used for square performances. There are various routines and tunes of Changshan drum, especially the drum team in Yangzhuang, East China.

Traditional art

Shijiazhuang endless paper-cut originated in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. In Wuji, there are traditional customs in stick grilles on festivals or festive days. Influenced by the New Year pictures of Yangliuqing in Shanxi and Tianjin, the artistic style of its paper-cutting has gradually developed into a unique paper-cutting art. The endless paper-cutting is mainly Xuan paper, which is a monochrome paper-cutting. The main tools are scissors and a meat cleaver. Because scissors are limited by tools and materials, most of them are knife carvings. When cutting paper with a knife, special paraffin or plasticine floor is needed, and its manufacturing process is very particular. Later, due to the progress of the times and the improvement of people's aesthetic concepts, endless paper-cuts are not only black and white, but also engraved with gold, which is very bright and matched with different artistic shapes, and is deeply loved by the masses.

traditional culture

Gengcun folk culture is a unique cultural phenomenon in Gaocheng City, Shijiazhuang, which has attracted many experts and scholars at home and abroad to visit. This tradition has a long history. As early as Zhu Yuanzhang's time in the Ming Dynasty, there was a saying that "there are Beijing and Tianjin in the north and Geng Village in the south" and "one Beijing, two bathrooms and three Geng villages". Because Geng Village is located in the main road of traffic, businessmen from south to north tell the villagers what they know, and people in Geng Village will also tell them their own stories, thus gradually forming the oral literature among Geng villagers today. Geng Village is called "Story Village" because of its numerous stories and concentrated narrators. The stories passed down here involve sociology, ethics, history, religion, philosophy, literature and so on. , with high academic value. More than 60 million words of Gengcun folk stories have been recorded and sorted out, and compiled into five internal scientific research volumes. Gengcun folk stories have been included in the national intangible cultural heritage and protected.

The area under the jurisdiction of Shijiazhuang City is an area with early development of human civilization and profound cultural heritage. The Baifokou cultural site in the urban area is the earliest human site in the plain area discovered in the city at present, about 6000-7000 years ago; Fuxitai, the ancient ruins of Xinle, proves that Fu, the ancestor of Chinese humanities, lived here more than 6000 years ago. The culture of Sun Yat-sen in the Warring States Period is an important link in the historical and cultural context of Shijiazhuang, and it is also a splendid culture that attracts worldwide attention after western merchant cultures such as Gaocheng and Taiwan Province. ?

Weapons culture

During the Han Dynasty, Taihang Mountain area in the west of Shijiazhuang was always one of the important metallurgical bases for manufacturing weapons, armor and production tools, hence the name "Yehe". The Han and Tang Dynasties witnessed the revival and prosperity of Buddhism and Taoism in China, and the religious culture of Hengzhou and Zhaozhou also left a splendid chapter in the religious history of China. Bailin Temple in Zhaozhou, according to legend, was founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty and is the oldest Buddhist temple in Hebei. The most brilliant historical achievement in the Sui and Tang Dynasties culture in Shijiazhuang is the Anji Bridge in Zhaozhou, which is recognized as the originator of the world's large open-shouldered stone arch bridge, occupies a prominent position in the history of bridge construction in the world, and has been recognized as the world's human cultural heritage by the United Nations. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, cultural celebrities in Shijiazhuang were Kevin·Z and Li Jifu. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Fu Bi, Han Qi, Ouyang Xiu, Shen Kuo, Su Shi and other famous ministers worked in Hebei successively, and all left footprints in Zhengding (now Zhengding), which promoted the economic and cultural prosperity of this area. ?

Architectural art

The representative works of Shijiazhuang's architectural artistic achievements in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties are the bridge buildings and temples of Fuqing Temple in Cangyan Mountain, Jingxing. The bridge and the temple are integrated, flying in the air between deep streams in thousands of feet, like a dancing rainbow. The design form is ingenious and the building is majestic and steep, which reflects the superb architectural technology and aesthetic attainments of the working people at that time. In the field of artistic creation, there are famous murals of Pilu Temple in Shangjing. These murals have inherited and developed the traditional techniques of ancient murals in China, and reached a high level in composition, line drawing, color and character modeling. At this time, the achievements of natural science are also very fruitful. Ye Li, a famous mathematician and scholar, laid the foundation of China's elementary algebra and marked the highest achievement of world mathematics in13rd century. ? Report |

The folk culture in Shijiazhuang belongs to the Central Plains culture type, and belongs to the Oriental culture type based on the Yellow River farming culture in the world. Compared with Jingchu and Wuyue cultures, it has distinct northern characteristics of China in connotation: Confucianism is the main body, and there is also local culture among Taoism, Buddhism and farmers in the north, which has existed for a long time. Today's customs include the people-oriented doctrine that appeared in Xia Dynasty, the idea of attaching importance to agriculture (attaching importance to agriculture but neglecting business) that has been continuously strengthened since Qin Dynasty, the concept of loyalty and filial piety, the concept of good and evil, the national spirit of hard work, courage to strive for self-improvement, and the spirit of respecting literature and martial arts. There is also the national revolutionary spirit gradually strengthened since the 19th century, and the new concepts of socialism and * * * productism since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Since the reform and opening up, with the development of market economy, there are naturally more concepts of market economy. As a cultural ecology, its existence is objective, but some of them have been out of touch with the times, such as the idea of attaching importance to agriculture over commerce and the feudal concept of loyalty to the monarch.

Folk food culture

The food culture in Shijiazhuang is rich and colorful, but it is mainly pasta culture and wine culture.

Pasta aspect

Northeast Sambo, Baoding Sambo, Shijiazhuang Sambo. Some say that the three treasures in Shijiazhuang are shoes repair, sesame seed cake and baked yam (sweet potato), while others say sesame seed cake, baked cake and baked yam. Sesame cakes are mainly rectangular steel oven white flour sesame cakes, and there are also round pancake sesame cakes in Jinzhou and Shenze. There is a kind of sesame seed cake with donkey oil in Zhao county with a long history. These are pasta that people like very much. Scone is a kind of cake-like food with buckwheat flour as the main raw material. Chopped garlic can be eaten cold. Roasted yam has a long history in Shijiazhuang, and it is an unprocessed baked food.

White flour steamed bread is the most common food for people. It is made of clever women into various shapes, such as pigs, lambs, calves, puppies, monkeys, chickens, ducklings, hedgehogs, lotus flowers and so on. It can be used as folk sacrifice, ornamental and edible. Some use wood to carve steamed bread molds, and the steamed bread made will have various patterns, which are also very popular among adults and children. You can also see all kinds of steamed buns at the wedding and funeral ceremony.

Gaocheng Palace has always been very influential. Noodles, pancakes, fried dough sticks (fried sesame sugar) and other foods are also very common among the people. Among them, sesame sugar, music and shortbread in Geng village of Gaocheng are very influential. On market day, they are the main food for market participants. Some people go to Geng Village to go to the fair just to solve their problems.

spirits culture

In Shijiazhuang area, there was wine-making in Shang Dynasty. The wine unearthed from the site of Zhongshan State in Shan Zhi Township, Pingshan County is the oldest wine found in the world. At present, Shijiazhuang has its own winery, and Gaocheng, Wuji, Jinzhou, yuanshi county and other counties still have the custom of shochu, and there are some distinctive and influential varieties, such as tribute wine, Wang Geng wine, Longtuzui wine, Wei Zhi wine and Song Cao Daqu. In Wuji, there are still more than 200 private families operating woks. Wei Zhi wine is a wine brewed by Jinzhou people according to the legend of Wei Zhi. Gong wine and Wang Geng wine are new kinds of wine that were tried by Gaocheng people and Gengcun people in Wang Geng at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty according to the legend of Gan Long in Gengcun in Qing Dynasty. Palace wine has opened the market, and the sales volume is still good. There has been mutton wine in Luancheng County since ancient times, and it is still being brewed and sold.

The wind of drinking has existed since ancient times, and it is still widespread in counties and cities today, to some extent, more prosperous than in ancient times. On the one hand, there are many banquets in business dealings, on the other hand, there are many folk weddings and funerals, and there are many drinks during the Chinese New Year. On the other hand, there are many dinners and wine bureaus between town and village cadres. In urban and rural areas of our city, almost every household has some white wine, beer and colored wine. Now people's living standards are high, and there are more reception facilities. Wine has become an indispensable and important food in daily life. In people's psychology, there is an occasion where if there is no wine, it will seem a bit shabby.

In addition, there are pot stickers and cakes, cauldron dishes and tea drinking customs. What used to be considered vulgar diet has now become a must-have item for high-end hotels. Fine cooking of coarse grains, as a dietary tradition, is welcomed by modern people and can make people full. Nowadays, northern and southern dishes are very common in urban areas and counties, but what really has a foundation in people's minds is local customs and diet.

Folk costume culture

Dress is an important symbol of human civilization. Different times and different regions will have different costumes, sometimes forming a social trend. The costume culture in our region, mainly women's wear and children's wear, is worth introducing.

women's clothes

As early as the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, women's wearing cheongsam, trousers and three-inch golden lotus shoes was mainly influenced by Manchu. But in rural areas, there are very few people wearing cheongsam, because production and labor are extremely inconvenient. Later, it evolved into a kind of fat pants, mostly red, green, blue and black, which changed according to different ages. They all have headdresses, mostly hairpin, card and net. Silk flower and velvet flowers should be worn when unmarried and married. Then it was gradually omitted or replaced by a new simple headdress. Since the "Cultural Revolution", green military uniforms have been fashionable. Young women don't like red clothes and love armed forces. Since 1980s, the degree of clothing marketization has been very high. Every year, various fabrics and styles of clothing emerge in an endless stream, which is dazzling. After the Republic of China, the Chinese tunic suit was popular among men, and now suits and jackets are popular all over China, which is a revolution in China clothing. Wearing a suit or carrying out style reform on the basis of a suit are all market-oriented commercial phenomena. Since the 1990s, great changes have taken place in women's concept of clothing, and they like the new and hate the old, constantly bring forth the new, pursue individuality, fashion and simplicity, and are no longer naturalized. Wearing jeans has become a habit, and more and more people wear skirts in autumn and winter. Men's wear changes relatively slowly, and many middle-aged and elderly people still wear clothes for three or even ten years.

children garment

Since ancient times, people have been racking their brains to study and explore children's clothing and decoration, which has become an important content and process of clothing culture. Children's wear in our area is Manchu in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, mainly in small robes and hats, and there are also many traditional styles with local characteristics. First, when the baby is full moon or 100 days, relatives and elders should hang a long life lock for the child. Some are copper products, engraved with auspicious patterns such as dragons, phoenixes, tigers and lions. A large number of them are long strings of copper coins and colored lines, and now some of them are nickel coins. Secondly, the crested tiger's tail hat is beautifully embroidered, which has become a great display of the embroidery skills of mothers and grandmothers. Third, pull the neck and use a chest towel to prevent children from eating and soiling their clothes. Its embroidery system is also exquisite, and there are many kinds of flower and bird patterns. Four, generally embroidered "five poisons" animal images, such as snakes, scorpions, etc., are said to remove the five poisons and make children grow up healthily. Fifth, tiger-headed shoes are still visible now. Nowadays, clothes are commercialized, and many children's clothes have more styles, but some rural areas and citizens still dress their children in very traditional clothes, which is also very cultural.

Year-old seasonal culture

Spring Festival (New Year's Eve) is the most solemn day for worshipping God and ancestors and family reunion. The vast rural areas in our city still have to write Spring Festival couplets, paste statues, burn incense and set off firecrackers. Worship the gods of heaven and earth, including the house god (land god? ), the door god, the road god, the god of wealth. Even tractors and cars should be affixed with red stickers that say "Bon voyage" or "Bon voyage to Wan Li", and incense burners should be placed on them to burn incense and distribute paper on time, so as to be safe and prosperous. Ancestors' ancestral temples and temples should burn incense and pray for blessings. Some families have ancestral tablets, and some are going to visit graves to pay their ancestors a New Year call.

Breaking five is also a traditional custom. On the fifth day of the first month, people usually don't visit and drink, but get up early to set off firecrackers and symbolically work underground. People call it "Poverty Hate Day". In Zhengding, Luquan and urban areas, it is generally believed that the fifth day visitors will bring poverty to others, so they usually stay at home or go shopping.

In Gaocheng and Zhengding, jiaozi is eaten after October of the lunar calendar, which is called Rat Festival. Originally, I wanted to comfort the mouse, but I was not allowed to drop by, saying it was to prevent the mouse from being captured. Because folks believe that a place without rats is the poorest place. In addition, mice are also creatures. In Jinzhou and Xinji, after twelve, that is to say, to be a wife to a mouse. Some people say that the tenth day of the first lunar month is a stone festival, which reflects a kind of stone worship.

The Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month is also the Taoist Lantern Festival. This is another climax of the Spring Festival. On this day, firecrackers will be set off, incense and paper will be burned, and the gods will be sent back to the palace. In county towns or some towns and villages, there is a Lantern Festival in the evening.

On the 25th day of the first lunar month, Zhengding people want to eat millet dry rice and drink noodle soup. There was a saying that "filling the warehouse and filling the warehouse, millet mixed noodles soup". Now some people eat jiaozi and some noodles, but they all set off some firecrackers, which means "collapse and hoarding", symbolizing a year's bumper harvest. In the downtown area, there were also many firecrackers this morning.