conceptually, the industry divides e-commerce into narrow sense and broad sense. The narrow sense of e-commerce refers to the realization of the electronization of trade activities at all stages in the whole trade process, while the broad sense of e-commerce refers to the realization of the electronization of all E-Business processes by using the network. The following is what I have compiled for you. Welcome to read!

Definition in China:

E-commerce is defined by China Shanghai E-commerce Security Certificate Management Center: E-commerce refers to the exchange of business documents and the development of business activities by digital electronic means. E-commerce mainly includes paperless business information exchange among individuals, enterprises and countries by using the main technologies of electronic data exchange, E-mail, electronic fund transfer EFI and Internet.

The definition of e-commerce in IT industry:

IT information technology, the value technology industry is the direct designer of e-commerce and the direct manufacturer of devices. Many companies have given the definition of e-commerce according to their own technical characteristics. Although there are great differences, in general, both the view of the International Chamber of Commerce and the e-word of HP and the E-business of IBM agree that e-commerce is to conduct various business activities by using the existing computer hardware devices, software devices and network infrastructure through an electronic network environment connected by certain agreements.

Definition of foreign * * * departments:

The definition of e-commerce given by the European Parliament is that e-commerce is a business activity conducted by electronic means. It processes and transmits data by electronic means, including words, sounds and images. It involves many activities, including electronic trade and service of goods, online data transmission, electronic fund transfer, electronic securities trading, electronic shipping documents, commercial auction, cooperative design and engineering, online data, and acquisition of public products. It includes products such as consumer goods, specialized devices and services such as information services, financial and legal services, traditional activities such as fitness, sports and new activities such as virtual shopping and virtual training.

Definition of World E-commerce Conference:

On October 6-7, 1997, in Paris, the French capital, the International Chamber of Commerce held the World E-commerce Conference, giving the most authoritative concept of e-commerce: e-commerce refers to the realization of electronization of the whole trade activities. In terms of coverage, it can be defined as: any form of commercial transactions conducted by the parties to the transaction through electronic transactions rather than face-to-face exchanges or direct interviews. Technically, it can be defined as: e-commerce is a multi-technical entity, including exchanging data such as electronic data exchange, e-mail, obtaining data such as * * * sharing database, electronic bulletin board and automatically capturing data such as bar code.

definition of foreign authoritative scholars:

American scholars Revere Caracota and Andrew B. Whiston put forward in their monograph Frontiers of E-commerce: broadly speaking, e-commerce is a modern business method. This method can meet the needs of organizations, manufacturers and consumers to reduce costs by improving the quality of products and services and increasing the speed of service delivery. This concept is also used to find information through computer networks to support decision-making. Generally speaking, today's e-commerce links the information, products and servers of buyers and sellers through computer networks, while the future e-commerce links the buyers and sellers through one of the countless computer networks that constitute the information expressway.

Explaining the concepts of various modes of e-commerce:

P2P lending is a kind of private micro-lending mode that gathers very small amounts of funds and lends them to people in need of funds. P2P is the abbreviation of "Peer-to-Peer", which means person-to-person meaning. P2P lending refers to a financial model in which individuals provide small loans to other individuals through a third-party platform P2P company on the premise of charging a certain service fee.

The first one is pure online mode, which is pure P2P. On this platform mode, information matching is purely carried out to help both borrowers and borrowers better match funds, but the shortcomings are obvious. This online mode does not participate in guarantee.

the second mode is the transfer of creditor's rights. The platform itself lends money first, and then the creditor's rights are transferred on the platform. Obviously, it can improve the working efficiency of the financing end, but it is easy to have a pool of funds, which can't give full play to the benefits of funds.

O2O

O2O is the super-hot concept of WeChat QR code marketing at present, that is, Online To Offline, which combines offline business opportunities with the Internet, making the Internet the foreground of offline transactions.

in this way, offline services can attract customers online, consumers can screen services online, and transactions can be settled online, which will soon reach scale.

the most important feature of this model is that the promotion effect can be checked and every transaction can be tracked.

advantages of o2o

the advantage of o2o lies in the perfect combination of online and offline advantages. Through the online shopping guide machine, the internet is perfectly connected with the ground store to realize the landing of the internet. Let consumers enjoy offline personal service while enjoying online preferential prices. At the same time, online to offline can also realize the alliance of different businesses.

the core of o2o marketing model

the core of o2o marketing model is online prepayment. online payment is not only the completion of payment itself, but also the only sign that a certain consumption can be finally formed, and it is also the only reliable assessment standard of consumption data. For the professional Internet companies that provide online services, only when users pay online can they benefit from it.

B2C

B2C is the abbreviation of Business-to-Customer, and its Chinese abbreviation is "business-to-customer". "Business-to-customer" is a mode of e-commerce, that is, commercial retail, which sells products and services directly to consumers. This form of e-commerce is generally dominated by online retailing, and online sales activities are mainly carried out with the help of the Internet. B2C means that enterprises provide consumers with a new shopping environment-online store through the Internet, and consumers shop and pay online through the Internet.

B2C e-commerce website consists of three basic parts:

1. Shopping mall website providing online shopping places for customers;

2. A distribution system responsible for the distribution of goods purchased by customers;

3. Banks and authentication systems responsible for customer identification and payment settlement.

representative website:

Tmall-a platform for serving people

JD.COM-self-operated and selling products

Fanke-self-produced and self-sold as a brand

B2B

B2B business-to-business e-commerce mode, also written as BTB, refers to business-to-business marketing relationship, which closely integrates corporate intranet with customers through B2B websites, and through network. In recent years, B2B has developed rapidly and matured.

B2B refers to the process in which both the supplier and the buyer of e-commerce transactions are merchants, enterprises and companies, and they use Internet technology or various business network platforms to complete business transactions. E-commerce is a concrete and main manifestation of modern B2Bmarketing.

There are three elements:

1. Buying and selling: B2B website platform provides consumers with high quality and cheap goods, which attracts consumers to buy and at the same time encourages more businesses to settle in.

2. Cooperation: It is one of the hard conditions of B2B platform to establish a cooperative relationship with logistics companies to provide ultimate protection for consumers' purchase behavior.

3. Service: Logistics mainly provides purchasing services for consumers, thus realizing another transaction.

representative website:

Alibaba-Alibaba is the largest B2B e-commerce website in China and the world. It is the preferred B2B platform for small and medium-sized enterprises, which mainly provides "Honesty-Trust" service, but all users are basically "Honesty-Trust" customers. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve remarkable results without professional e-commerce operation ability and other promotion business of Alibaba.

China Manufacturing Network-China Manufacturing Network is a rising star in B2B e-commerce industry, with clean website style and practical website category, which is deeply loved by users. Although it ranks the third in the B2B website industry in China, because there are not many paying users of "Bestway", I heard that the effect is not bad, so I recommend enterprises doing e-commerce to try it.

China supplier is a B2B trading platform hosted by China Internet News Center. Provide a variety of advertising services, but the website is mostly free ordinary members, and the effect is ok if you operate the shop well. Anyway, it doesn't cost money. I suggest registering a B2B platform to try it.

C2C

C2C is actually a professional term of e-commerce, and it is an e-commerce between individuals. C2c is the consumer room. Because the pronunciation of 2 in English is the same as to, c to c is abbreviated as C2c. C refers to the consumer, because the English word of the consumer is CustomerConsumer, so it is abbreviated as C, and C2C means Customer Consumer to Customer Consumer. C2C means e-commerce between individuals. For example, a consumer has a computer, makes a transaction through the Internet and sells it to another consumer. This type of transaction is called C2C e-commerce.

representative website: Taobao.com, eBay.com and Paipai.com

Undoubtedly, no one can shake Taobao's leading position in C2C field for the time being. However, Taobao has to bear the heavy pressure brought by this lead. Between the lead and the pressure, Taobao is struggling to move forward.

P2C

P2C means production to Consumer for short. The products are delivered directly from the production enterprises to the consumers without any transaction links. It is another new concept of e-commerce after B2B, B2C and C2C. In China, it is called: Life Service Platform.

P2C is embodied as follows: if the retail giants such as Carrefour, Wal-Mart, Dazhong Electric, etc. also enter e-commerce and conduct business activities through the Internet, the possibility of such business activities has always existed, and with the development of Internet technology, it will gradually penetrate into small and medium-sized enterprises.

P2C aggregates all closely related service information in people's daily life, such as real estate, catering, making friends, domestic service, ticketing, health care, medical care, health care, etc. on the platform, and realizes the e-commerce of the service industry.

personal to pany company

platform to CreditAssignment

is another new concept of internet finance after p2p

This theory is the first P2P internet financial service in China, which conducts qualification audit and on-the-spot investigation on creditor's rights transfer enterprises, and selects high-quality creditor's rights projects with investment value to be made public to investors on the platform; And provide a trading platform for online investment to generate legally effective creditor's rights transfer and service agreements for investors in real time; Supervise the project management of enterprises, manage and evaluate risks, and ensure the safety of investors' funds.

1. What are the differences among O2O, C2C, B2B and B2C?

O2O is Online to offline, which can be divided into four operation modes:

①Online to offline is online transaction to offline consumption experience

②offline to online is offline marketing to online transaction

③offline to Online to offline is offline marketing to online transaction and then offline. Consumer experience

④Online to offline to online is online trading or marketing to offline consumption experience and then online consumption experience

For example, insurance direct purchase O2O, Suning.cn O2O, public comment O2O, etc.

C2C is Consumer to Consumer or person to person, such as Taobao's small shop.

B2C is a Business to consumer, and it is a business to individual, so there are many things like Excellence, Dangdang, JD.COM and so on.

it is very important for p>B2C and C2C to use logistics.

B2B is Business to Business, which is between enterprises, such as Alibaba.

for example, it is:

C2C means that I sell things and you buy them

B2C means that I set up a company to sell things. You come to buy

O2O means that I set up a company to sell things, but you want to buy them yourself.

B2B means that you also set up a company to buy things from our company.

E-commerce knowledge formula:

B2B has three treasures: enterprise, intermediary and good communication.

B2C has three treasures: brand, channel and good sales.

C2C has three treasures: you open and I. Offline, working together

LBS has three treasures: sign-in, discount and location finding

NFC has three treasures: proximity, payment and security

SEO has three treasures: content, external link and weight ***

EDM has three treasures: content, audience and good analysis

CPA has three treasures: action and transformation. Guide and cheat less

CPM has three treasures: exhibition, thousands of people and unreliability

PHP has three treasures: openness, high efficiency and low cost

various modes of e-commerce:

B2B economic organizations to economic organizations

B2C economic organizations to consumers

B2B2C business to business to consumers

C2BT consumers * *. Bidding-group purchase

C2C consumer-to-consumer

B2F business-to-family

O2O online and offline combination

SaaS software services

PaaS platform services

IaaS basic services

M-B mobile e-commerce

B2G * * procurement

G2B *** selling.