2002-5-3 1 15:4 1:35
In 2000, the agricultural reclamation system took the implementation of the spirit of the Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 15th CPC Central Committee as the theme, and focused on deepening reform, restructuring and strengthening management, and intensified its work and achieved remarkable results.
(1) The economy grew steadily, and the benefits improved significantly. The annual GDP reached 48.345 billion yuan (calculated at constant prices 1990, the same below), up 5.96% year-on-year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 20.395 billion yuan, an increase of 3.05%; The added value of the secondary industry was 65.438+06.495 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+00.05%; The added value of the tertiary industry114.56 million yuan, an increase of 55,438+0%. The per capita GDP reached 40 19 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7%. The per capita net income was 3,036 yuan, an increase of 5.45% over the previous year. The loss of the whole system decreased from 4.32 billion yuan in the previous year to 703 million yuan, a decrease of 83.7%. The trend of continuous decline in efficiency has been curbed and the quality of operation has been significantly improved.
In 2000, the total sown area of crops in the whole system was 4,755.82 thousand hectares, down by 2. 1 1%. Total grain output 14652 1000 tons, decreased by 13.67% over the previous year, of which total soybean output 1848000 tons, increased by 47.96% over the previous year, and commodity grain1150. Natural rubber production overcame the impact of the catastrophic typhoon disaster, and the annual dry rubber output was 346,800 tons, down 4.59%. The total cotton output was 83 1.6 million tons, an increase of 1.3.22%. The total oil output was 7 1.25 million tons, an increase of 1.07%.
The added value of industrial production in the whole year was 178.3 1 100 million yuan, an increase of 10.72%, and the profit was127.4 million yuan, which reversed the loss situation of the whole industry. The added value of the construction industry was 4.085 billion yuan, up by 6.30%; The individual construction industry has developed rapidly. At the end of the year, there were 54 17 individual construction enterprises in China, with 34,900 employees.
Wholesale and retail, catering and service industries * * * realized commodity sales and operating income of 5 1 6.32 million yuan. Individual businesses, beverages and service industries have developed rapidly, with139,200 outlets and 250,000 employees. The total value of export commodities in the year was 9.826 billion yuan, up by 22.97%. Among them, the export value of industrial products was 710.26 billion yuan, an increase of 16.43%. The main export commodities are: soybeans, cotton, tea, fruits, pigs, sheep, cattle, poultry, prawns, ginseng, medlar, velvet antler, canned goods, cotton yarn and other agricultural and sideline products.
(II) Further Deepening of Various Reforms In 2000, new progress was made in the strategic adjustment of state-owned economy of agricultural reclamation, and the proportion of non-state-owned economy was further increased. The proportion of GDP realized by the non-state-owned economy in the whole system increased from 25.96% in the previous year to 28.4%. Among them, the total output value of non-state-owned industries has accounted for 48.98% of the total industrial output value. The non-state-owned economy in reclamation areas such as Tianjin, Fujian and Zhejiang has reached more than 50%.
1. Agricultural reform. All reclamation areas vigorously promote the "four households and two self-care" of workers' family farms (land contracting to households, accounting to households, profit and loss to households, risk to households, production costs and living expenses), and further improve the two-tier agricultural management system of large farms and small farms. When signing a new round of contracts, most reclamation areas extended the contract period, and some family farms in many reclamation areas extended the contract period to 30 years. In Heilongjiang reclamation area, the dominant position of family farms characterized by "four households taking care of themselves" has become more solid, and the number of various family farms has grown to 224,000, accounting for 99.9% of all agricultural production organizations. Substantial progress has been made in household management of long-term crops such as rubber, and forms such as leasing and shareholding system have been actively explored. The newly developed agricultural projects and non-plastic agriculture in Hainan Reclamation Area have been operated by employees' families at their own expense or by joint-stock cooperation. The privatization reform of state-owned tea gardens has been rolled out in an all-round way, and some farms have transferred all or part of state-owned tea to family management through auction.
2. Reform of enterprises in secondary and tertiary industries. With the goal of establishing a modern enterprise system and taking the reform of property rights system as a breakthrough, various reclamation areas have expanded and developed a number of leading enterprises that play a central role in agricultural industrialization, and carried out standardized corporate transformation of these enterprises. About 80% of market-run small and medium-sized enterprises have been reformed through merger, closure and reorganization, and their operating mechanisms have been further transformed. The reform of small and medium-sized enterprises in Heilongjiang reclamation area reached 98.3%, of which the reform of property right system reached 71.8%; 38.5% of the school-run enterprises in Hainan Reclamation Area have all been restructured and privatized. 86% of the school-run enterprises in Jiangsu Reclamation Area have completed the restructuring.
3. Substantial progress has been made in separating government from enterprises and stripping off the social burden of enterprises. The social function and social burden of some reclamation areas have been completely or partially separated. With the rural system reform in Beijing Reclamation Area, all the social functions undertaken by the Reclamation Area were handed over to the local government. Shanghai, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Qinghai, Yunnan and other reclamation areas have also taken transitional measures, entrusting some social functions such as education and health to the government for management or funding, and entrusting specific affairs to farms. Among them, the social function of Shanghai Reclamation Area has been stripped off within the Reclamation Area Group, and the funds for primary and secondary education have been included in the financial budget, and the specific work is managed by farm community organizations. With the support of the local government, the three state-owned farms of Qinghe, Chehe and Suiyang in Xiangfan City, Hubei Province, and Lishu Farm in Jilin Province have set up administrative areas as local government agencies, set up first-level finance, and manage the administrative, educational, health, civil affairs, political and legal affairs of the administrative areas (farms), and all expenses shall be borne by the financial departments of the administrative areas. Some reclamation areas that do not have the conditions of separating government from enterprises are also actively exploring effective ways of internal separation.
4. In the reform of endowment insurance system. By the end of 2000, 19 reclamation areas had participated in the overall planning of local social endowment insurance, and 2,695,500 employees and11599,500 retirees had participated in the overall planning or systematic planning of social endowment insurance, accounting for 67% and 79% of the whole system respectively. According to the regulations of the social security department, the reclamation areas participating in the social pooling of endowment insurance will strengthen the payment correction and promote the socialized distribution; Not included in the reclamation area, strengthen the coordination with relevant departments, and actively strive for the old-age insurance for agricultural reclamation workers to be included in the local social old-age insurance as soon as possible.
5. All reclamation areas further improve the labor and employment system, and some reclamation areas further explore the change of employee identity. With the support and help of local governments, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Chengdu, Fujian and other reclamation areas have changed the traditional labor relationship between farms and employees through the practice of "changing identity, appropriate compensation, recognizing length of service and continuing social security", making the employees of restructured enterprises become social people and increasing the mobility of farmers' employees.
(3) Facing the market and intensifying structural adjustment. In 2000, the Ministry of Agriculture formulated and issued "Guiding Opinions on Agricultural Structure Adjustment of Agricultural Reclamation System" and "Opinions on Adjusting Industrial Structure of Hot Crops". Over the past year, new progress has been made in the structural adjustment of agricultural reclamation.
1. The planting structure and variety structure were further optimized. Mainly manifested in: (1) the sown area of grain crops decreased and the sown area of cash crops increased. In 2000, the grain output was 3 163.87 thousand hectares, a decrease of 6.29% over the previous year; 527.8 thousand hectares of cotton, an increase of 7.05%; Oil crops are 46 1. 1.9 thousand hectares, increasing by 1.00%. (2) The variety structure was further optimized. The first-and second-grade lint rate in Xinjiang reclamation area reached 80%; The area of hybrid cotton in Hunan and Hubei reclamation areas increased, and the cotton yield and grade improved. The area of spring wheat in the north is reduced and the quality rate is improved. The sown area of spring wheat in Heilongjiang reclamation area is 299.5 thousand hectares, which is 37. 13% lower than the previous year. High-quality tropical fruits and other cash crops, the rate of high-quality tropical fruits is over 40%. (3) Further optimization of rubber layout. On the basis of keeping the production capacity basically stable, the rubber planting area in Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi decreased by 6,667 hectares, and the rubber planting area in the first-class rubber planting area in Yunnan reclamation area increased by 4,000 hectares.
2. Efficient agriculture has achieved good results. According to the idea of expanding scale, industrialized operation and vigorously developing efficient agriculture, Hainan reclamation area will build ten agricultural product bases to form a large agricultural industrial pattern; Heilongjiang reclamation area has further strengthened the construction of commodity grain base while increasing the adjustment of agricultural production structure; Hebei and Tianjin reclamation areas have vigorously implemented high-quality projects and developed high-quality aquaculture, which has achieved good economic benefits.
3. Taking the steady implementation of the "Student Drinking Milk Plan" as a breakthrough, it has effectively promoted the development of animal husbandry. Shenyang, Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou "student drinking milk program" pilot officially launched. By the end of 2000, students had consumed more than 400,000 servings of milk every day. The number of dairy cows in the whole system was 5 1.32 million, an increase of 2.1.3% over the previous year; Milk output 1 165000 tons, up by 7.08%.
(D) Enterprises have achieved remarkable results in turning losses into profits.
1. The responsibility system for turning losses into losses has been further improved. In the whole system, we will promote the establishment of the responsibility system for increasing income and reducing expenditure in reclamation areas, strengthen the assessment, and regularly analyze and report the financial operation of each reclamation area. Guide qualified reclamation areas to establish financial settlement centers, strengthen unified supervision of funds, promote the practice of Jiangsu reclamation areas, and implement the system of chief accountant and chief financial officer in reclamation areas.
2. The reclamation area will vigorously carry out the "Management Benefit Year" activity, further learn from the experience of Hangang and Yaxing, establish a cost control system that is decomposed layer by layer and everyone is responsible, promote the institutionalization and standardization of enterprise cost management, and strengthen cost management. Cost inversion activities are widely carried out in Heilongjiang reclamation area, and the cost per hectare of various crops is lower than that of the previous year 180-300 yuan, the comprehensive cost is lower than that of 270 yuan, and the comparable cost of the whole reclamation area is reduced by 43831000,000 yuan.
3. Among the 3,599 households in the agricultural reclamation system, 82 were listed as key enterprises. By the end of 2000, 56 households had been freed from difficulties, with a rate of 68.3%, an increase of nearly 38 percentage points over the previous year. Of the 56 enterprises out of difficulties, 2 1 turned losses into profits, accounting for 37.5%, an increase of 1.999. * * * realized a profit of 52.97 million yuan, an increase of 35.892 million yuan year-on-year, of which 10 households maintained profits for two consecutive years. There are 35 enterprises, accounting for 62.5%, that have extricated themselves from difficulties through bankruptcy, merger, reorganization and closure.
4. Good results have been achieved in divesting non-performing assets of enterprises and reducing the burden on enterprises. In 2000, the agricultural reclamation system actively sought policy support, and divested the non-performing assets of enterprises by various forms (including debt-to-equity swap) about 654.38+000 billion yuan.
5. New progress has been made in poverty alleviation and development. In 2000, the GDP of 138 border poverty-stricken farms reached 2.893 billion yuan, an increase of 36.40% over the previous year, which was the fastest growing year during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period. Among them, the primary industry is 65.438+79.9 million yuan; The secondary industry is 393 million yuan; The tertiary industry was 706.543 billion yuan, up 40.44%, 28.85% and 365.438 0.03% respectively over the previous year. The per capita income has also increased to a certain extent over the previous year. 138 after the poor farms in the border broke even, they lost1300,000 yuan, a decrease of 63% over the previous year. Among them, the number of profitable farms reached 65, an increase of 14 over the previous year.
(v) Science, technology and training have been strengthened. In 2000, more than 20 new technologies were introduced and popularized, such as rice mechanical transplanting deep application technology, cow reproduction management supporting technology, rubber orchard covering technology and chemical weeding technology. In cotton production, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps vigorously promotes the new technology of mechanized cotton picking, expands the scale of production and operation, reduces the labor intensity of cotton production and improves labor productivity and profitability. Heilongjiang reclamation area has greatly improved the scientific and technological content of agricultural production by introducing high-quality rice breeding technology, high-quality dairy farming technology, fresh milk processing technology, laser leveling technology and satellite positioning system. In 2000, five projects in the agricultural reclamation system were included in the agricultural leap-forward plan (28 in China) and 30 projects were included in the national harvest plan; The establishment and implementation of MOET breeding system for dairy cows in Holstein, China, won the National Science and Education Fund Agricultural Technology Promotion Award and Farmers Award.
Actively carry out cadre training and strive to improve the management and decision-making level of leaders at all levels in the agricultural reclamation system. In 2000, the whole system * * * trained 654.38 million managers, which effectively improved the technical, management and decision-making level of agricultural reclamation cadres.