According to the information of the first national economic census, at the end of 2007, there were 93,000 legal person enterprises of the national lodging and catering industry, with 4.29 million employees and assets totaling 697.59 billion yuan, the annual income from main business was 304.03 billion yuan, with a loss of 2.12 billion yuan, and the overall operating conditions are not good. Among them, the accommodation industry loss of 4.83 billion yuan, catering industry profit of 2.71 billion yuan.
Accommodation industry more losses
From the accommodation industry situation, at the end of 2007, the national accommodation industry legal person enterprise **** there are 39,000, 2,056,000 employees, assets totaling 525.83 billion yuan, annual main business income of 150.94 billion yuan, a loss of 4.83 billion yuan, operating profit margin of -3.2%, asset-liability rate of 61.3% .
Analyzing the situation of different holding enterprises in the accommodation industry, the number of state-owned and state-controlled accommodation enterprises is relatively small, the cost is relatively high, and the risk of debt servicing is low. According to the census information, the state-owned and state-controlled accommodation enterprises **** 12,000, total assets and main business income for all accommodation enterprises, respectively, 45.2% and 44.4%, a loss of 2.79 billion yuan for the total loss of 57.8%, the total of the three fees (operating expenses, management costs and financial expenses, the same below) and the ratio of main business income is 0.71:1, the operating profit rate is only - 4.4%, gearing ratio of 57.5%; 27,000 non-state-owned and state-controlled lodging enterprises, with total assets and main business income of 54.8% and 55.6% of all lodging enterprises, a loss of 2.04 billion yuan for the loss of 42.2% of the total, the ratio of the three fees to the main business income of 0.66:1, the operating profit margin of only -2.3%, gearing ratio of 64.5%.
The company's operating profit margin was only -2.3% and gearing ratio was 64.5%.
From the type of registration, 96.7% of the accommodation industry enterprises are domestic-funded enterprises, whose total assets and main business income accounted for about 70% of the total accommodation industry, and the economic efficiency is lower than that of the Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan invested enterprises and foreign invested enterprises. Among them, the number of domestic-funded enterprises, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan-funded enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises were 38,000, 698 and 611 respectively, accounting for 96.7%, 1.8% and 1.6% of all accommodation enterprises; their total assets accounted for 76.3%, 13.5% and 10.2% respectively; and their main business income accounted for 77.9%, 13.1% and 9%. The average size of domestic enterprises is relatively smaller than that of Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and foreign-invested enterprises, and their operating profit margin is -3.9%, which is lower than that of Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and foreign-invested enterprises, which is -1.1% and -0.2% respectively; the proportion of cost of doing business to income from main operations is relatively high, at 33.8% (i.e., the gross profit margin is relatively low), which is higher than that of Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and foreign-invested enterprises, by 8.8 percentage points and 12.1 percentage points; however, it is still a high proportion of the total assets, accounting for 77.9%, 13.1% and 9% of the total assets. 12.1 percentage points; however, the total of the three expenses compared to the main business income is relatively low, at 0.68:1, compared to 0.73:1 for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan invested enterprises and 0.74:1 for foreign invested enterprises. domestic enterprises have a lower risk of debt servicing, with a gearing ratio of 54.5%, which is lower than that of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan invested enterprises by 30.1 percentage points, and lower than that of foreign invested enterprises by 26.9 percentage points. In terms of the domestic enterprises themselves, 1/3 of them are private enterprises, whose total assets and main business income accounted for 25.7% and 19.7% of the domestic enterprises respectively, and the main business profit margin was -1.8%, which was better than other domestic enterprises in terms of loss.
By industry, the total assets of tourist hotel industry, general hotel industry and other lodging industry were 422.31 billion yuan, 92.29 billion yuan and 11.23 billion yuan, accounting for 80.3%, 17.6% and 2.1% of the total assets of the lodging industry, respectively; their respective income from main business in 2004 was 120.47 billion yuan, 27 billion yuan and 3.47 billion yuan, accounting for 79.8%, 17.7% and 2.3% of the total assets of the lodging industry, respectively. accounting for 79.8%, 17.9% and 2.3% respectively. Although the number of enterprises in the tourism and hotel industry is only 31.2% of that of the accommodation industry, their asset size and operating income account for about 80%, and their losses also account for 90% of the total losses. Although the gross profit margin of tourism hotel industry is higher, 70.8%, 11.9 percentage points and 9.8 percentage points higher than the general hotel industry and other lodging industry, but due to the total of three fees and the ratio of the main business income is as high as 0.7:1, while the general hotel industry and other lodging industry are 0.6:1 and 0.53:1, resulting in the operating margin of the tourism hotel industry is only -3.8%, which is lower than that of the other two industry. And due to the gearing ratio of 63.9%, higher than the general hotel industry and other accommodation industry 12.9 and 14 percentage points, the debt service risk of the tourism hotel industry is also relatively high.
The catering industry is basically in the era of micro-profit
At the end of 2007, the national catering industry, 53,000 legal entities, 2.234 million employees, total assets of 171.75 billion yuan, the annual income of 153.09 billion yuan from the main business, a total profit of 2.71 billion yuan, the main business gross profit margin of 47%, the operating profit rate of 1.6%, asset-liability ratio of 58.1%. 58.1%.
In the various types of registration, the number of domestic-funded catering enterprises accounted for 96% of all catering enterprises, total assets accounted for 81.5%, and the main business income accounted for 78.7%; Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan investment enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises together accounted for only 4% of the number of assets and income share is also relatively small. Due to the major share of the catering market, domestic enterprises realized total profit of 1.37 billion yuan for the year, which is lower than the 1.5 billion yuan of foreign-invested enterprises but better than the 160 million yuan loss of Hong Kong-, Macao- and Taiwan-invested enterprises.
Among the domestic enterprises, 2/3 are private enterprises, and there are only 0.3 million state-owned and state-controlled catering enterprises. The total assets and main business income of private enterprises are 50.1% and 64.5% of domestic enterprises respectively, with a total profit of 1.38 billion yuan. State-owned and state-controlled catering enterprises total assets of 30.19 billion yuan, accounting for 17.6%; main business income of 14.89 billion yuan, accounting for 9.7%; total profit of 470 million yuan, accounting for 17.3%.
The catering industry mainly focuses on formal food service, with the number of formal food service enterprises, asset size and main business income accounting for about 80% of all catering enterprises; foreign-invested fast food enterprises have relatively better economic performance. The number of enterprises in the formal food service industry was 43,000, with assets totaling 149.07 billion yuan and main business income of 123.26 billion yuan, accounting for 80.5%, 86.8% and 80.5% of all food and beverage enterprises, respectively, and realizing a total profit of 910 million yuan, which was one-third of the total profit.
Gross profit of fast-food service and beverage and cold beverage service industries is relatively high, but the beverage and cold beverage service industry The ratio of total expenses to revenue was 0.55:1, while that of fast food service was 0.45:1. Beverage and cold beverage service suffered a loss of 0.08 billion yuan for the year, while the operating profit margin of fast food service was 7.8%. It is worth noting that the foreign-invested fast food service industry to achieve a total profit of 1.41 billion yuan, is the fast food service industry, 83.4% of the total profit, the total profit of all food and beverage enterprises 52%.