Abstract: In recent years, many provinces and cities in China have begun to attach importance to the construction and development of cultural and creative parks, and set off a cultural and creative park construction upsurge. Cultural and creative parks have become an important way to promote cultural and creative industries and urban economic transformation, but the theoretical research on cultural and creative parks is relatively backward and needs to be expanded and deepened. This paper mainly discusses the functions and evolution modes of cultural and creative parks, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the functions of parks.

Keywords: cultural and creative park; Function; Evolution

Chinese library classification number: F26 document identification code: a article number: 1673-291X(2112)24-1185-13

1. Concept of cultural and creative park

1. Abroad. The main definitions of cultural and creative parks abroad are: Derek Wayne, Hilary Anne Frost-Kumpf and Nolapot Pumhiran. Derek Wayne thinks that the cultural park is a specific geographical location, which concentrates the city's cultural and entertainment facilities in this geographical location in a concentrated way; Hilary Anne Frost-Kumpf defines the cultural special zone, and thinks that the cultural special zone is an area with perfect organization, clear signs and comprehensive use in the city [1]. Nolapot Pumhiran defines a cultural and creative park as a place with limited space and obvious geographical area, and cultural industries and facilities are highly concentrated here [2]. At wansborough &; Mageea's view is that the cultural park is an area with highly concentrated cultural facilities and limited space, and encourages cultural use and a certain degree of production and consumption [3].

2. domestic. The research on cultural and creative parks in China started relatively late, which also involves related research such as cultural industrial clusters, cultural industrial parks and cultural and creative industrial parks. However, on the whole, the concept of cultural and creative parks is the inheritance and development of these concepts. Fan Shengchun believes that cultural industrial parks are a series of specific geographical areas related to culture and with industrial scale. They are multifunctional parks with distinctive cultural image and certain attraction to the outside world, integrating production, trading, leisure and residence, and forming a cultural industrial chain integrating production, supply and sales, including production, distribution and consumption [4]. Wang Weinian believes that the connotation of cultural industrial parks includes at least four aspects: (1) Cultural industrial parks develop cultural products related to culture based on places with rich cultural resources. It is a geographical concentration area of a series of cultural industries. (2) Cultural industrial parks have their own unique operating mechanism, and the organization and management of the parks are carried out through certain associations. (3) Cultural industrial parks meet the specific cultural needs of local residents and foreign tourists. (4) Cultural industrial parks reflect the special cultural, social and economic needs of the region [5]. Jiang Hui and Shine Wong believe that cultural and creative industrial parks are formed under the guidance of government planning, with cultural industry as the leading industry orientation, corresponding management systems and public service facilities, and focusing on the functions of research and development, incubation, training, production, display and trading, and planning, production and sales of cultural and creative products [6]. He Yifei made a relatively complete summary of the connotation of cultural industrial parks by referring to the development trend of foreign cultural industrial parks and according to the development status of China Cultural Industrial Park. He believed that cultural industrial parks are a phenomenon that a large number of closely related cultural industrial enterprises and related supporting institutions gather in space and form a strong and sustainable competitive advantage through interaction [7].

on this basis, this paper holds that the cultural and creative park is a spatial carrier for the gathering of cultural and creative industries, and a large number of cultural and creative enterprises and related supporting institutions gather in a specific geographical area and form a multifunctional park integrating incubation, production, trading, management, service and leisure under the guidance of government planning, voluntary non-governmental organizations or joint investment by government and enterprises.

Second, the basic functions of cultural and creative parks

1. Cultural protection functions. Most of the cultural and creative parks have emerged with the industrial renewal and deindustrialization of cities, which have distinct cultural protection functions, can shape the image of cities, increase the cultural connotation of cities and enhance the cultural taste of cities. Cultural and creative parks, as the driving force for optimizing the internal layout of the city, have ushered in new opportunities for the development of abandoned old factories, dilapidated old streets and collapsed old buildings. By transforming them, the city has become more attractive, and at the same time, it has added a heavy cultural heritage and tension of life. To a certain extent, it not only effectively protects historical and cultural property, but also creates a new platform for economic development. Cultural and creative enterprises inject modern fashion and creative elements into old factories, old warehouses, etc., so that the preserved old buildings glow with a new scene that is more eye-catching than the modern urban landscape, so that the cultural and creative park can be organically integrated with urban culture and become a good example of the combination of urban cultural resources protection and urban future development. Such as the 798 Art District in Beijing and the 1912 Block in Nanjing.

2. production service function. The production function is one of the most basic functions of the cultural and creative park. It promotes its large-scale production by providing venues for research and development, production, management and display of cultural and related industries, and forms overall benefits, thus driving the development of the park. The production function not only makes old factories and warehouses glow with new vitality, but also opens up a new model for urban transformation and sustainable development, making it a new bright spot of urban economic growth. The gathering of culture and related industries in the park also provides a lot of employment opportunities for the society, including some leisure places such as cinemas, bars and concert halls, which can also help young people to establish their careers. The service function is mainly to create a good working environment for the cultural and creative enterprises and staff in the park, which is mainly manifested in building a public service platform, attracting cultural and creative enterprises and entrepreneurs, advocating cultural creativity and protecting artistic creation. In China, most cultural and creative parks are established with the support of the government, so the park management committee and some industry associations play an important role in serving, supervising and coordinating the cultural and creative parks. They are relatively independent but at the same time keep in touch with the government. The function of education and training can cultivate and serve its own cultural and creative talents for the cultural and creative park, which is the driving force for the development of the cultural and creative park. Cultural and creative parks can establish cooperative relations with universities and other scientific research institutions, and train the needed talents in a timely manner according to their own characteristics and development. For example, in the Creative Industry Park of Queensland University of Science and Technology in Australia, the departments of design, advertising, digital media, animation and creative writing under the Creative Industry College have not only trained a large number of cultural and creative talents for the park, but also trained various creative talents for Australia.

3. Incubate innovative functions. Cultural and creative parks have the function of incubating innovation. Cultural and Creative Park helps the incubation and development of enterprises in the park by providing infrastructure, resource network and exchange center needed for the development of culture and related industries. On the other hand, the enterprises in the park make use of the agglomeration effect of talents and technology, and rely on the cultural and creative park to form a multi-intertwined main industrial chain, including cultural creativity, digital network support and information consultation, and continue to extend and develop to drive the development of catering, commercial industry, tourism and entertainment industries, forming a benign interaction and producing radiation effects on the surrounding areas. For example, Taikang Road Art Street in Shanghai, with cultural and creative design as its core, covers more than 161 Chinese and foreign enterprises, including galleries, cultural exhibition centers, audio-visual arts, etc. These enterprises have formed a relatively complete industrial chain relying on Taikang Road's own resources, and also promoted the development of catering, leisure and entertainment, tourism, real estate and other industries. Because the cultural industry is a combination of creativity, science and technology and information, it has strong innovation and strong permeability to traditional industries, which can give it new development momentum. For example, innovation and creativity are carried out on the basis of traditional cultural resources and handicrafts, and modern technology is used to produce cultural products with traditional cultural characteristics and modern atmosphere; There is also the Creative Industry Park of Queensland University of Science and Technology, which is also the R&D base of creative industries in Australia. It mainly studies the development of Australia's culture and related industries, involving the research and development of cultural products, advertising, digital media, communication design and other categories, which can not only provide support for the development of creative parks, but also provide the Australian government with strategies and plans for the development of creative industries.