summary of basic English sentence patterns

There are many kinds of sentence patterns in English, which can be summarized into five basic sentence patterns in terms of English sentence structure. Generally speaking, some verbs are used in a particular sentence pattern. Then, which verbs are commonly used in which sentence patterns, we classify these sentence patterns and commonly used verbs, and each category is divided into detailed items. Students can remember related verbs on the basis of understanding and remembering each category, and continue to summarize.

1.S (subject)+Vi (intransitive verb) (predicate)

1)S+V+adverbial (adverbial)

birds singing beautifully.

2) s+vi+prep phrase (prepositional phrase)

he went on holiday. Infinite (Infinitive)

we stopped to have a rest.

4) s+vi+participle (participle)

I'll go swimming

2. S (subject)+Vt (transitive verb) (predicate)+O (object)

Pron

I like music.

2) s+vt+infinite (infinitive)

I want to help him.

Verbs commonly used in this type are: try, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, learn, need, offer, refuse.

3) s+vt+wh-word+infinite

t know what to do.

Verbs commonly used in this type are: ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find

out, forget, guess, Learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder, etc.

4) s+vt+Germany

I enjoy living here.

Verbs commonly used in this type are: admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give < p.

5) s+vt+that-clause

I don't think (that) he is right.

Verbs commonly used in this type are: Admit, believe, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel, Hear (heard), hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind (be careful), notice, request, report, say, see (see), show, suggest, pretend, think, understand, wish, wonder (feel strange).

3. S (subject)+V (predicate) (lv) (copula)+P (table)

1)S+Lv+N/Pron (noun/ Pronouns)

He is a boy.

2)S+Lv+Adj (adjective)

She is beautiful.

3)S+Lv+Adv (adverb)

class is over.

4) s+LV+prepphrase

. Ood health.

5)S+Lv+Participle (participle)

The film is interesting.

Besides be verbs, there are also some verbs that can be used as copulative verbs:

verbs expressing senses, feel, smell, taste, sound, look, apparent, seem

. Verbs indicating changes, such as become, get, grow, turn, go, etc. Verbs

remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest, etc. Instantaneous verbs

come, fall, set, cut, occur, etc. Other verbs

eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang, etc.

there are five basic sentence patterns in English, which are:

1, subject-verb-predication

2, subject-verb

3, subject-verb-object

4, subject-verb-object. These five sentence patterns are explained below.

1. Subject-Verb-Predicate

In this sentence pattern, the verb is a copula and the underlined part is a predication.

1.Mr.Brown is an engineer. (noun as predicative)

2.Gradualy he became silent. (adjective as predicative)

3.she remained standing for an hour.

4. The question remained unsolved. (past participle as predicative)

5.The machine is out of order. (prepositional phrase as predicative)

6.The television was on. (adverb as predicative).

7. His plan is to keep the affair secret. (infinitive as predicative)

8. My job is servicing cars. (Gerund as predicative)

9. The question is what you want to do. (Predicative clause)

Note: In the following sentences,

I'm happy to meet you.

They are willing to help.

We are determined to follow his example.

II. Subject-verb

In this sentence, verbs are intransitive verbs and intransitive verb phrases. In some sentences, intransitive verbs can be modified by adverbials.

1.The sun is rising.

2.I'll try.

3.Did you sleep well？ (well as an adverbial to modify the intransitive verb sleep)

4. The engine broke down.

Note: In this sentence pattern, there are a few intransitive verbs that express the passive meaning and the characteristics of the subject itself, without using the passive voice.

1. The book sells wel.

2. The window won't shut.

3. The pen writes smoothly.

4. Cheese cuts easily.

3. Subject-verb-object

In this sentence pattern, the verb is and.

1.Do you know these people(them)？ (noun or pronoun as the object)

2. I can't express myself in English. (reflexive pronoun as the object)

3.He smiled a strange smile. (cognate object)

4. We can't afford to pay such a price. (infinitive as the object)

5. Will you mind. (Gerund as object)

6. I hope that I have said nothing to pain you. (Clause as object, that is, object clause)

Note: Not all transitive verbs can take the above situations as objects, and different verbs have different usages, so when learning verbs, we must master their usages.

4. Subject-verb-object-object

In this sentence pattern, verbs can be called double-object verbs. In English, there are not many such verbs, so you should keep them in mind when learning. The following objects are indirect objects and direct objects, in which the indirect object comes first, generally indicating people, the direct object comes last and generally indicating things. There are three situations in this kind of sentence pattern.

in the first case, the indirect object can be changed to a phrase led by to.

1. He handed me a letter.

He handed a letter to me.

2. She gave me her telephone number.

She gave her telephone number to me.

In the second case, the indirect object can be changed to a phrase for guidance.

3. She sang us a folksong.

She sang a folk for us.

4. She cooked us a delicious meal.

She cooked a delicious meal for us.

In the third case, the direct object can be acted as an object clause.

5.Tell him I'm out.

6.Can you inform me where Miss Green lives？

V. Subject-Verb-Object-Object Complement

The verbs in this sentence pattern are called verbs that can compound objects, and there are not many such verbs in English. The object complement at the back explains the object, and the object and the object complement are called compound objects together. This sentence pattern is a complicated sentence pattern in English, because there are many components of compound objects. The underlined part in the following sentence is the object complement.

1.He found his new job boring. (adjective as object complement)

2. The called their great Mary. (noun as object complement)

3. This placed her in a very different position. (prepositional phrase as object complement).

4. We went to here house but found her out. (adverb as object complement)

5.What do you advise me to do? (infinitive as object complement)

6. We thought him to be an honest man. (tobe as object complement)

7. He believed them to have discussed the problem. (infinitive perfect as object complement)

8. He believed her to be telling the truth.

9.Did you notice him come in? (infinitive without to as object complement)

11.I saw her chatting with Nancy. (now participle as object complement)

11. He watched the piano carried upside. (past participle as object complement)

Note: In this structure, it can be used as a formal object, and the real object can be placed after the object complement. In this structure, the object is often an infinitive or an object clause.

1. He felt it hisduty to mention this to her.

Analysis: it is a formal object, his duty is an object complement, and emotion this to her is a real object.

2. I think it best that you should stay with us.

Analysis: it is a formal object, best is an object complement, and that you should stay with us is a real object.

Note:

1. Usage of idioms

In English, there are many verb idioms. In the process of learning, we should pay attention to their usage without analyzing the usage of individual words.

Example:

We make short of money.

She is always making trouble for her friends.

He has been carried out of our instructions.