Yunnan Province, abbreviated as Dian and Yun, is located in the southwest border of the People's Republic of China*** and the country. During the Warring States period, it was the birthplace of the Dian tribe. Yunnan, meaning "South of the Colored Clouds", another saying is that it is located in the "south of the Yunling Mountains" and so named. The capital of the province is Kunming. With a total area of more than 380,000 square kilometers, accounting for 4.11% of the country's area, it ranks 8th among all provincial administrative regions in China. The total population is 44.15 million (2004), accounting for 3.36% of the country's population, and ranking 12th in terms of population. Provinces and regions neighboring Yunnan Province include Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, and Tibet, and Yunnan's three neighbors are Myanmar, Laos, and Vietnam. The Tropic of Cancer crosses the southern part of the province. The ancient city of Lijiang is one of the largest and oldest in Yunnan. Capital: Kunming. Yunnan Province has eight prefectural-level cities and eight minority autonomous prefectures. It has 12 municipal districts, 9 county-level cities, 79 counties, and 29 minority autonomous counties under its jurisdiction.

Yunnan is the province with the largest number of ethnic groups in the country, and there are 52 ethnic groups in the province, of which 26 have a population of more than 5,000 and a fixed distribution range. The distribution of the various ethnic groups is characterized by a large mixed and small settlements. Among them, there are 15 hereditary ethnic groups in Yunnan: Bai, Hani, Dai, Lisu, Lahu, Wa, Naxi, Jingpo, Brown, Pumi, Achang, Nu, Jinuo, De'ang, Dulong.

The highway in Yunnan is very prone to traffic accidents due to its complicated terrain, many curves, long ramps and foggy roads. You should be very careful when driving and pay attention to the traffic signs. Generally speaking, the speed limit of the highway is 110km/h for small cars and 80km/h for large cars. If you encounter rain, snow or fog and other factors that are not conducive to driving, the speed limit of the electronic traffic signs will be even lower, so please pay attention to drivers and friends to identify.

Yunnan is also a big geological museum. Lufeng County, the early Jurassic strata have been unearthed in a large number of lizard-footed dinosaur fossils, remains more complete, has now been built in the county dinosaur museum for tourists to visit. In addition, Chengjiang County, the cap Tianshan is the geological world in the "star", because here unearthed a large number, rich in variety, well-preserved Cambrian multi-cellular organisms fossils, a strong proof of the "Cambrian Biological Explosion," the existence of. Dongchuan District, Kunming City, is also known as the national "mudslide museum", early here because of large-scale unscientific copper mining, coupled with the climate, topography and other reasons, the formation of a large-scale mudslide frequency, mudslide phenomenon is more typical.

Yunnan Tourism

There is a magical and colorful tourism hotline in the southwestern part of mainland China, which is the "Yunnan Tour" golden tourism line.

Main tourist attractions in Yunnan: Kunming, Dali, Lijiang, Shangri-La, Meili Snow Mountain, Lugu Lake, Xishuangbanna, Tengchong, Ruili Yunnan is quite rich in tourism resources, and has become an important tourist destination with its beautiful natural scenery, colorful ethnic customs and pleasant climate.

Lijiang Ancient City, Naxi Ancient City, (UNESCO World Heritage Site, 1997)

Lugu Lake

Jinghong, the capital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture You can bring specialties

Puer Tea, Panax ginseng series of products, Cordyceps Sinensis (super-expensive, bring enough silver, huh!) Zhaotong tianma, copper handicrafts, ethnic handicrafts, tree jade (such as large can be responsible for shipping by the store), jade products, silver, butterfly butterfly wing paintings, ethnic costumes, milk fan, sour horn, sour horn cake, sweet horn, Dai flavor fire roasted dry bar, bean sugar, "Yunnan 18 strange" snacks, mangosteen, flowers (airport can be handled for consignment), Flower tea, Vietnamese fruit crisps, bags of dried wild mushrooms and so on. Yunnan travel notes

1, Yunnan every morning and evening temperature difference (12 ~ 15 degrees Celsius), please pay attention to dress, to prevent colds;

2, Yunnan is located in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the outdoor ultraviolet irradiation, pay attention to sunscreen, bring sunscreen supplies;

3, Lijiang, Shangri-La, Deqin, and other places of high altitude, pay attention to the rest in case of high altitude reaction; <

4, Lijiang Jade Dragon Snow Mountain under the cable car station next to the rental of cold clothing and oxygen packages, guests can rent according to their own needs; queuing up at the cable car station,

Yunnan history

279 BC, Chu general Zhuang Qiaoxia into the Dianchi area, the establishment of the Dian State. In 221 B.C., Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms, established a county in northeastern Yunnan (present-day Qujing), and opened the Five-Foot Road to contact the mainland. In 109 B.C., Emperor Wu of Han sent General Guo Chang into Yunnan to conquer the Southwest Barbarians and set up Yizhou County and 24 counties, with Dianchi County (present-day Qujing) as the county seat, and opened up trade routes to Burma and India. During the Three Kingdoms period, in 225, Shu Prime Minister Zhuge Liang led an army to subdue Meng Huo, a big name in the "South China". 320s, Cuan (Cuan) clan into Yunnan, Cuan Chen in Kunchuan (now Qujing) claimed the title of king, Cuan's rule maintained for 400 years. Nanzhao State and Dali State during the Tang Dynasty, in 738, the Erhai region of the Mengshezhao tribal leader Pi Luoguo annexed the other five dao, the establishment of Nanzhao State, by the Tang Dynasty as the king of Yunnan. In the following year, the capital was established at Taihe City (present-day Dali City), and in 902, Zheng Baisi, a powerful official of the Nanzhao Kingdom, seized the throne and established himself, renaming the state Dachanghe. In 929, Zhao Shanzheng destroyed Dachanghe and established Datianxing, and in the following year, Yang Ganzhen, the Dongchuan provincial governor, destroyed Datianxing and renamed the state Danyining. In 937, Duan Siping of the Bai tribe exterminated Dayi Ning and established the Dali State, with the capital city of Dali. Its territory included the present Yunnan, Guizhou, southwestern Sichuan, northern Burma, and a few parts of Laos and Vietnam. Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties In 1253, Kublai sent Mongol troops to conquer the Dali State, and in 1276 the Yunnan Province was formally established. The Sermonian Saidianchi was appointed as the governor of the province, and the capital of the province was Zhongqing Lu (Kunming). In Yunnan, important copper and silver mines were developed, accounting for more than half of the country's output. A large number of Sromos and a small number of Mongols migrated to Yunnan, forming today's Hui and Mongols. 1381, the Ming Emperor Hongwu sent generals Fu Youde and Mu Ying to lead their armies to capture Yunnan, destroying the Liang kings of the Yuan Dynasty, and Han Chinese immigrants began to enter Yunnan in large numbers. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty fled to Yunnan. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, in 1659, King Wu Sangui of Pingxi was sent to hunt down the Yongli. in 1662, Wu Sangui recaptured the Yongli Emperor from Burma and hanged him in Kunming. Wu Sangui was stationed in Yunnan. 1856-1873, the Yunnan Hui established the Du Wenxiu Regime centered in Dali. After the war, the population of the Hui in Yunnan decreased substantially. In the late Qing Dynasty, Britain conquered Burma and France conquered Vietnam, and the power of the two countries had some influence on Yunnan. In 1910, the French-invested Yunnan-Vietnam Railway (now known as the Kunhe Railway in China) was opened, and in 1909, when the Qing Dynasty adopted a new regime, Yunnan established a new army and set up the Army Lecture Hall. After the Qing Dynasty On October 30, 1911 (Chung Yeung Festival), Cai E and Tang Jiyao led the new army to start the Chung Yeung Uprising and broke away from the Qing Dynasty, and on December 25, 1915, Cai E and Tang Jiyao started the Protector of the Nation Movement against Yuan Shikai here. During the Republic of China period, the Yunnan army formed a situation of secession in Yunnan, and successively Tang Jiyao, Long Yun (1928~1945), and so on ruled Yunnan.

Geography of Yunnan

The landscape of Yunnan, bounded by the Yuanjiang Valley in Yunnan and the broad valley of the southern section of the Yunling Mountains, the province can be roughly divided into two major terrain areas, east and west. The eastern part of Yunnan is the East Yunnan and Central Yunnan Plateau, known as the Yunnan Plateau, which is the western part of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with an average elevation of 2,000 meters above and below sea level in Yunnan. Here in Yunnan are mainly undulating low mountains and rounded hills, developing various types of karst landforms, including the famous Yunnan Stone Forest, Qubei Puzhehei, Luoping Duoihe, Yiliang Juxiang Cave, Jianshui Swallow Cave, Luxi Alu Ancient Cave and other scenic tourist areas. Western Yunnan for the Hengduan Mountains longitudinal valley area, high mountains and canyons, Yunnan terrain majestic and steep, including the three rivers are the most spectacular. Generally speaking, the northwestern Yunnan altitude of 3000 meters ~ 4000 meters; southwest Yunnan altitude of 1500 meters ~ 2200 meters; Yunnan leaning against the border area of the terrain tends to slow down, the altitude is only 800 meters ~ 1000 meters, individual areas down to 500 meters below, is the location of the tropical and subtropical regions of Yunnan.

In the whole of Yunnan Province, the undulating plateau mountains, the sinkhole basin scattered. These basins in Yunnan, also known as "dam", the terrain is relatively flat, with the river through the soil layer is thicker, more economically developed areas. Yunnan province in an area of 1 square kilometers above the dam **** there are 1445, an area of 100 square kilometers above the dam has 49, Yunnan's largest dam in Yunnan Luliang County, an area of 771.99 square kilometers. The other dams that rank among the top 10 in Yunnan are: Kunming Dam (763.6 square kilometers), Erhai Dam (601 square kilometers), Zhaolu Dam (524.76 square kilometers), Quzhan Dam (435.82 square kilometers), Gudong Dam (432.79 square kilometers), Songming Dam (414.6 square kilometers), Pingyuan Street Dam (406.88 square kilometers), Yingjiang Dam ( 339.99 square kilometers), Mengzi Dam (217 square kilometers).

Yunnan is also a great geological museum. Lufeng County, the early Jurassic strata have been unearthed in a large number of lizard-footed dinosaur fossils, remains relatively intact, has now been built in the county dinosaur museum for tourists to visit. In addition, Chengjiang County, the cap Tianshan is the geological world in the "star", because here unearthed a large number, rich in variety, well-preserved Cambrian multi-cellular organisms fossils, a strong proof of the "Cambrian Biological Explosion," the existence of. Dongchuan District, Kunming City, is also known as the national "mudslide museum", early here because of large-scale unscientific copper mining, coupled with the climate, topography and other reasons, the formation of a large-scale mudslide frequency, mudslide phenomenon is more typical.

Yunnan culture

Yunnan cuisine. Because of the special geographical environment of Yunnan, Yunnan cuisine is eclectic and self-contained, specializing in cooking mountain treasures, freshwater fish and vegetables, delicious dishes, with tender and sweet, sour and spicy, slightly numb, heavy oil flavor, suitable for the frontier multi-ethnic people's tastes, and in the domestic self-contained style.　Yunnan Materia Medica has a large number of medical and food records. The end of the Ming Dynasty Xu Xiake to Baoshan delicious dishes, friends gift chicken longitudinal; to Lijiang, Naxi Tusi wood public to 80 flavors to treat each other, within the soft pig (suckling pig), yak tongue and other homemade dishes, in addition, he ate bamboo rats and so on. The end of the Ming and early Qing dynasties, the remaining part of the peasant insurgent army and Wu Sangui's subordinates, etc., stayed in Yunnan not less than hundreds of thousands of people. In particular, the South Ming King Gui into the Yunnan home cooking, change Yunnan for Diandu, masters into batches of influx of people, Yunnan cuisine skills have been a great development. Such as the Qing Dynasty scholar Normal for the hometown of the bowfin recited the poem "inside the belly with agar jelly summer dishes, round ridge charming spring wine".　After the Opium War, since Mengzi, Tengchong, Simao, Kunming switch and Yunnan-Vietnam Railway opened recipes, internal and external trade is booming, restaurants around the world gathered in Yunnan, the formation of a Han Chinese cuisine, mainly with ethnic minority dishes of Yunnan cuisine. During the Anti-Japanese War, the Yunnan-Burma Highway was opened to traffic, and Yunnan became a large rear area. In Kunming and transportation along the northeastern Yunnan and western Yunnan, the collection of famous chefs from various gangs, accelerating the exchange of cooking skills, and promoting the further development of Yunnan cuisine. During this period, in the chef team divided into line cooks to meet the requirements of the dignitaries, rich businessmen and celebrities.　Two Yunnan catering characteristics Yunnan unique conditions for cooking provides a wealth of raw materials. Yunnan is located in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, mountain ranges stretching, flat dams and rivers and lakes inlaid in between, forming a colorful geographical features and wet and dry distinct three-dimensional climate, very conducive to the growth of plants and animals. Yunnan is known as the "Kingdom of Plants", "Kingdom of Animals", "Kingdom of Spices" and "Home of Medicinal Herbs", "the hometown of medicinal herbs" and "the hometown of flowers and trees". According to incomplete statistics, the province has 366 species of fish, 92 species of amphibians, 143 species of reptiles, 782 species of birds, 274 species of beasts dish pictures, more than 200 kinds of wild edible fungi, wild flowers, fruits and vegetables is a wide variety.