The tax planning of value-added tax is mainly considered from the following three aspects:
I. VAT planning for enterprise establishment
1. Enterprise Identity Selection
It is generally believed that the tax burden of small-scale taxpayers is heavier than that of ordinary taxpayers, but if you are a high-tech enterprise with high added value, it is more cost-effective to choose small-scale taxpayers.
2. The direction and place of enterprise investment
China's current tax law has formulated different tax policies for enterprises with different investment directions. For example, the current tax law stipulates that grain and edible vegetable oil are subject to a low tax rate of 13%; Self-produced agricultural products sold by units and individuals directly engaged in plant planting and harvesting, animal breeding and fishing are exempt from value-added tax; The electricity generated by urban solid waste is subject to the policy of immediate withdrawal; Some new wall materials products will be subject to value-added tax by half.
When choosing a site, investors should also make full use of the preferential tax policies of the state for certain regions. For example, if the production enterprises in the bonded area buy raw materials, spare parts, etc. Where products are processed and exported from enterprises that have the right to operate import and export outside the bonded area, they may apply to the tax authorities for exemption, credit and tax refund on the basis of the list of exit records issued by the customs of the bonded area and other prescribed documents.
Second, the VAT planning of enterprise procurement activities
1. Choose the right buying time.
In the case of oversupply, it is easy for enterprises to realize the reverse tax burden transfer, that is, to reduce the product price to transfer the tax burden. In addition, pay attention to the inflation index when determining the purchase time. If there is inflation in the market and it cannot be recovered in a short time, buying as soon as possible is the best policy.
2. Reasonable choice of purchase object
For small-scale taxpayers, it is easier to choose the purchase object without the deduction system. Because buying goods from ordinary taxpayers, the tax involved in the purchase is definitely higher than that of small-scale taxpayers. Therefore, it is more cost-effective to buy goods from small-scale taxpayers.
For ordinary taxpayers, under the premise of the same price, they should choose to buy the goods of ordinary taxpayers, but if the sales price of small-scale taxpayers is lower than that of ordinary taxpayers, they need to make a choice after calculation.
Three, enterprise sales activities of value-added tax planning
1. Choose the right sales method.
Use discount sales method. If the sales amount and discount amount are reflected on the same invoice, the balance after deducting the discount amount from the sales amount is the taxable amount. If the sales amount and the discount amount are not reflected on the same invoice, the discount amount shall not be deducted from the sales amount. Cash discount is adopted, and the discount amount shall not be deducted from the sales amount; The full amount of tax should be used to discount and repay the principal. Enterprises have the right to choose their own sales, which makes it possible to use different sales methods for tax planning.
2. Select the billing time.
The planning of sales mode can be combined with the planning of sales revenue realization time. The realization time of product sales revenue determines the time when the enterprise's tax obligation occurs, which provides planning opportunities for using tax shielding and reducing tax burden.
3. Cleverly handle part-time and mixed sales
Part-time operation means that taxpayers engage in other businesses other than their main business. One is the same tax with different tax rates, just like a taxable item of value-added tax, which includes both goods with 17% tax rate and goods with 13% low tax rate. Can be accounted for separately, and the tax payable can be calculated according to their respective applicable different tax rates.
Tax treatment of mixed sales: the mixed sales of enterprises, enterprise units and individual operators engaged in the production, wholesale or retail of goods are regarded as sales of goods (the annual sales of goods exceed 50% and the turnover of non-taxable services is less than 50%), and value-added tax is levied; However, the mixed sales behavior of other units and individuals is regarded as the sales of non-taxable services, and VAT is not levied. This difference creates certain conditions for taxpayers to carry out tax planning. Taxpayers can choose to pay VAT or business tax by controlling the proportion of taxable goods and taxable services.
At the same time, non-tax means such as deferred billing, tied accounts and prepaid billing can also delay the tax payment time in time, which is also a way of enterprise financing.
Besides VAT tax planning, tax planning also includes income tax planning. Income tax planning is mainly realized through related party transactions, including corporate income tax and personal income tax. Using the preferential tax policies in different regions, several subsidiaries are divided into profit centers and cost centers, so as to obtain preferential tax policies and reduce tax costs.
Tax planning refers to the design and operation to achieve the lowest reasonable tax payment when there are two or more tax payment schemes under the premise of complying with tax laws and regulations. The essence of tax planning is to pay taxes reasonably according to law, reduce tax risks and reduce tax payable as much as possible.