In the document "Action Plan for Further Promoting Sports Consumption (2119-2121)" issued by the State Sports General Administration and the Development and Reform Commission, it is proposed that sports consumption space should be expanded by building various sports complexes and strengthening the construction of convenient sports facilities. Among them, encourage and guide the use of existing facilities such as waste factories and transform them into a sports complex that integrates fitness, leisure and commercial services; We will continue to push forward the two reform projects of "transforming functions and reforming mechanisms" of public sports venues, increase the facilities and functions of sports venues and transform them into sports complexes.
In the Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Circulation and Promoting Commercial Consumption issued by the General Office of the State Council, it is pointed out: promote the innovation, transformation and upgrading of traditional circulation enterprises, and encourage traditional department stores, large stadiums and old industrial plants with operational difficulties to be transformed into multifunctional and comprehensive new consumption carriers such as commercial complexes, consumer experience centers, fitness and leisure centers.
From the location point of view, the city map is constantly expanding, and the land occupied by those old factories is now the resources of the city center. Take Shanghai as an example. In 2115, 16 of the original 18 creative industrial parks were old factory renovation projects, which were distributed in urban centers such as Jing 'an District, Luwan District, Huangpu District and Changning District. Therefore, location advantage is the primary embodiment of its economic value.
in terms of cost, the cost of rebuilding an old factory building is relatively lower than that of rebuilding. For example, the cost of rebuilding a long-span factory building is generally controlled at 11-21% of the total cost.
from the property point of view, the large space and high-rise property conditions of the old factory buildings, as well as the scale effect of the large area and multiple buildings, can provide multiple combination spaces for the repositioning of project functions, and even derive brand-new products to meet personalized needs, so as to further tap its commercial value and even create a new life concept. The birth of SOHO, LOFT and other products is the best proof.
In terms of environment, most of the existing old factories are backward in production capacity, outdated in equipment and lack of adequate environmental protection measures. Their pollution to the environment and the destruction of cities are also one of the reasons for their changes or demise. At the same time, the demolition and reconstruction will cause different degrees of environmental damage and a lot of material resources consumption. The environment itself is a kind of resource, and the protection and recycling of old factories is also the protection of urban environmental resources.
finally, from the cultural point of view, the old factory buildings, as the remains of China's historical development, are an important window to show China's industrial culture and an important carrier to continue the urban context and expand the space for urban cultural development. Under the background of China's economic development, industrial structure optimization and upgrading, and urban renewal and transformation in the new era, old factories have become a powerful starting point for revitalizing existing space resources, building new urban cultural space and promoting cultural development. From industrial memory to cultural creativity, from old space to new landmarks, cross-era cultural blending and collision are realized. Compared with the more mature foreign industrial heritage development model, China has both great opportunities and many difficulties.
Of course, the transformation of the old factory has not only been confined to industries such as art and creativity, but also injected commercial elements. The integration of shopping, catering, entertainment and other businesses has greatly enriched the urban function of the renovation project, and the diversified combination has further enhanced the presence of the renovation project in the city and promoted the further development of the industry. Let's take a look at some relatively new cases of factory renovation and utilization abroad.
Portugal
The original site of Arquipé lago Modern Art Center is a tobacco and alcohol factory. In the process of transforming it, Menos é Mais Office adheres to the concept of spreading and creating new culture, hoping that the transformed art center will become a space for people, knowledge and culture to exchange and interact.
The construction team adopted the form of dialogue between old and new buildings, and built a new white building next to the original factory. The functions of the two buildings are different. The original factory focuses on exhibition, while the new building undertakes more functions such as art and cultural center, multi-purpose hall, art laboratory, artist studio, etc., to make up for the lack of functionality of the original factory.
But the construction team didn't deliberately enlarge the differences between the old and new buildings. On the contrary, the new building was quietly placed next to the original factory, without destroying or subverting the overall space and building structure. Two buildings travel through time and space-the main body of the original factory building used volcanic stone masonry, while the new art center was built with local basalt concrete, forming changing surface textures and folds, with simple and abstract forms.
The art center allows people to travel back and forth between history. The social and cultural value of the factory itself increases the historical sense of the art center and endows it with cultural significance. The new public space has diverse functions, and the boundaries between private and public areas, leisure and work, art and life become blurred.
This factory renovation project completely transformed the original factory, making it a distinctive historical and cultural space around the mid-Atlantic.
Denmark
Roskilde Music Festival National College is located in a former industrial site in Roskilde, Denmark. The original factory was transformed into a teaching building, and two new student dormitories, an office building for school staff and container creative office space for creative companies were built, which together formed the school complex.
Jacob van Rijs, the head of MVRDV Company, the design team, said, "Our design was inspired by Roskilde Music Festival, which combines' happy time' with innovation in an unconstrained way, which is also a unique atmosphere that we hope to create in the interior design of the school."
The teaching building retains the concrete appearance, concrete columns and roof of the original factory, but the internal walls and space planning have been updated. The design is based on the concept of "box in a box": the color modules are connected like warehouses, and arranged from one side of the building to the other along the main line. On this main line, there is a wooden stand as the activity center of the school.
These colorful modular boxes have different functions, including an auditorium that can accommodate 151 people, a music studio, a workshop and several dance, art and architecture classrooms. According to these functions, space is divided into three areas: the spiritual area, including writing, conception, debate and leadership space; Body areas, such as dance and music functional areas; The third is the hands-on operation area, including visual arts, architecture and design areas.
Roskilde Music Festival National College is more like an active creative center and community, which creates an inspiring place for the booming youth culture, where people can stimulate their infinite potential through music, media, contemporary art, architecture and design.
Spain
This house is located in the Spanish town of La Bisbal. The original site is a small warehouse leading to a chocolate factory on the main road of the old city. It is a three-story building with a stone facade, and the first floor is composed of Catalan arch supported by metal beams; The second floor is made up of metal beams and exquisite wooden frames. On the third floor, large logs are used to support a thin plate spliced by bricks and covered with tiles.
while retaining the original features of the building, the design team transformed it into a studio and a housing space for families, retaining the stone facade and transparent space atmosphere of the original building, and highlighting the characteristics of the three floors through minor changes.
The original staircase of the warehouse has been preserved, and the design team has also built a new staircase at the other end of the building, which makes it more convenient for residents to move around in the three-story space, and different members of the family can enjoy some private and independent space in the house.
The first floor after renovation includes public activity space, kitchen and dining room. The Catalan arch of the original building was preserved, making the first floor look open and sunny.
The second and third floors are relatively private bedrooms and studios.
considering the local pleasant Mediterranean climate, the outdoor space of the building is also fully utilized. There is a small swimming pool in the central courtyard, surrounded by the rest area, porch, kitchen, restaurant and terrace on the first floor. A family can completely relax here and enjoy comfortable sunshine and leisurely family time.
Denmark
As the largest environmental protection plan project in Denmark (covering an area of 41,111m2), its success benefits from the design concept of Bjarke Ingels, the founder of BIG, an architectural firm: hedonistic sustainable development. Different from other cases, it still performs the function of garbage incineration inside the factory.
As a garbage power plant, its appearance is completely different from our inherent impression. The height of 124m is like a sloping hillside, shining in the sun. The facade is made up of aluminum brick units with a height of 1.2m and a width of 3.3m, in which glass windows are embedded, bringing natural light to the interior of the building.
how many flower heads can be transformed by a garbage power plant? After watching CopenHill, the architect's brain hole is really amazing. The 411m-meter roof ski resort, the park trail, the 85-meter artificial climbing wall, the coffee shop and the bar are all designed to bring the most relaxing play experience to the local people.
From the most famous ski resort, although Denmark has a cold climate, there are few mountains here. In the past, people could only drive hundreds of kilometers to Sweden for skiing.
Copenhagen has its first ski resort with the appearance of Copenhill. In this way, no matter what season, people can enjoy skiing, which is much cooler than having a real "ski resort" near their home.
besides skiing, there is also a park suitable for walking on the roof. There are about 7111 shrubs, 311 pine and willow trees and other green plants around the trail. Citizens who can't ski can complete a comfortable hiking trip here. Tired of walking, you can also order a glass of beer at the top bar and enjoy the open scenery around you.
Located on one side of the building, there is also a climbing wall with a height of 85m and a width of 11m, which successfully broke the world record and became the tallest artificial climbing wall. Its design is similar to natural gables, and it meets the needs of climbers of different degrees with various difficulties.
this environmentally-friendly garbage power plant can handle 411,111 tons of garbage from local residents every year, and provide electricity and central heating for 1.5 million households. There are about 251-351 trucks carrying garbage here every day. Garbage will be thrown into the furnace for incineration. When the furnace is at its highest operating efficiency, it can burn 71 tons of garbage per hour. Such efficient operation can provide heat for 99% of buildings in Copenhagen, thus eliminating a lot of coal and fossil pollution. Through the scrubber, harmful substances can be removed, and finally clean water vapor will be discharged into the air. This will also help Copenhagen achieve the goal of becoming the world's first carbon-neutral city in 2125.
In the past, the garbage power plant may only be an infrastructure in the industrial zone, but the appearance of CopenHill completely broke people's inherent cognition and achieved a win-win situation in environment, economy and society.
The material of the article comes from the Internet, edited by Ruitu Lvchuang, and please indicate the source.
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