The employment problem of college students is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, encouraging college students to start businesses has become a countermeasure to solve the employment dilemma.

However, due to the lack of funds, social experience and management experience, the road of college graduates' entrepreneurship is full of thorns and bumps. "Our eyes are full of curiosity, our blood is full of passion, but our wallets are unprecedentedly thin." This is a selfie of many college graduates.

This paper tells the entrepreneurial stories of three college graduates. Perhaps they are still far from success, but their road to entrepreneurship may provide a sample for college students who are ready to start a business.

Compared with previous years, many college graduates are now full of job-hunting anxiety and begin to boldly choose to start a business. "College students' self-employment" has gradually become a high-frequency word, and the state has also introduced a series of preferential policies to encourage it.

At the same time, all kinds of college students' entrepreneurship competitions were held in full swing all over the country, various entrepreneurial projects were introduced on the spot, the government supported entrepreneurship policy propaganda, and entrepreneurial loans were issued one after another. "Entrepreneurial elements" have brought new opportunities to college graduates, and many students have begun to make preparations.

However, due to the lack of funds, social experience and enterprise operation and management experience, the road of college graduates' entrepreneurship is full of thorns and bumps.

A survey of college students in Xi shows that 47.46% of college graduates in Xi have considered starting their own businesses. However, according to incomplete statistics, the failure rate of entrepreneurial enterprises is as high as over 70%, while the success rate of college students' entrepreneurship is only 2%-3%, which is far lower than that of ordinary enterprises. "Our eyes are full of curiosity, our blood is full of passion, but our wallets are unprecedentedly thin." This is a selfie of many college graduates.

Zhang Tao: Looking for miracles on the Internet.

Zhang Tao's company is adjacent to He Guilong's company, and it is one of the eight enterprises that have settled in the College Students' Entrepreneurship Base in High-tech Zone.

Zhang Tao graduated from a private university in Xi in 2007. Shaanxi Juhui Network Technology Co., Ltd. under his name was established in March 2008 with a registered capital of 1 10,000 yuan.

Zhang Tao came from the countryside of Wugong County, and his parents who opened a pharmacy in Xinjiang gave him great support in starting a business. His company has invested more than 200 thousand yuan now, but it has not yet started to make a profit.

When Zhang Tao was a freshman, he and his friends set up a baking company to represent the products of a company in Shanghai. Later, he also sold telephone cards and wholesale clothes. , made some money.

After graduation, he went to China Renmin University to continue his undergraduate studies. There, he found Zhongguancun a hot spot and began to consciously contact the IT industry. He began to think that the internet should be the door to his business.

At the beginning of the company, he positioned his business in website design, medical software technology outsourcing agent and so on. His company has 30 employees at most, and its monthly sales amount to 60,000 yuan. But there are too many such companies and the competition is too fierce. After several months of vigorous development, this business was forced to stop.

Now, Zhang Tao has turned its attention to the B2C shopping mall. In the "e-commerce plan" he completed a few days ago, he set the company's goal as e-commerce and established a nationwide comprehensive e-shopping cluster.

Zhang Tao's idea is to put men's wear products online, starting with ties, "because ties are relatively simple and the technical content is not very high". His specific implementation plan is: mainly brand-name ties, plus independent brands processed by others, and the cost of each tie is controlled in 40 yuan. At present, the market price of brand-name ties of this quality is 300 yuan. According to Zhang Tao's "conservative forecast", the monthly sales will exceed 65,438+10,000 yuan in about half a year.

Perhaps, he ignored a question: nowadays, ties are rarely worn in streets and alleys. How many people who wear ties will buy cheap goods?

Zhang Tao is full of hope for B2C, because "PPG" achieved sales of 654.38+058 billion in 2008, and "Mai Bao Bao" website can also sell 100 million yuan every year. They are our role models, and the power of role models is endless. "

For example, he said that last year, he began to try. He opened an online shop on Taobao. He found several brands of bags from Sanfu Bay and tried to sell them. A month later, he also made a profit in 400 yuan.

However, after all, Taobao has gathered a lot of popularity, which is equivalent to a big supermarket in reality. Small counters in big supermarkets may be more popular than big shops in alleys. But Zhang Tao doesn't think so. "The reason why we have this idea is because we have experience. One of the company's previous businesses was to help others do website promotion, and now it will be more advantageous to do it yourself. " .

Zhang Tao said that he was also prepared for failure. "Entrepreneurship failure is also inevitable for entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs must have the ability to withstand pressure, otherwise they will not succeed. " .

Xi Yaming: An Ambiguous Sample

Xi Yaming wrote in his blog signature: Everyone is alive, but everyone is different.

Just after the Spring Festival, Xi Yaming moved the company into a commercial and residential building in the southern suburbs of Xi. The windows of the office are bright and clean, and the innermost door says "General Manager's Office". As usual, there is a boss's chair behind the big team. Business license and tax registration certificate are hung on the wall, and the registered capital of "Shaanxi Zhongtai Engineering Design Co., Ltd." under his name is 3 million yuan.

Yan Yamin admitted that when the registered company verified the capital last year, the cousin who opened the coal mine "transferred" 3 million yuan. It is said that the minimum registered capital of such an engineering design company is 30,000 yuan, but he believes that the long-term goal of the company is to have a considerable scale before it can obtain the bidding qualification.

Xi Yaming was born in 198 1 year, a native of Tongchuan mountain area. His father died long ago, and his mother raised four children alone. The embarrassment and being looked down upon at home left a deep imprint on his heart. Fortunately, he has been studying hard, and middle school is basically spent in boiling water and pickles, and eventually he became the first college student in his family.

He said that he would never forget to report to school on September 7th, 20001year. This is his first trip, the first time to take a train, and the first time to bring so much cash.

When he went to college, he was bent on making money. Besides studying, he spends more energy thinking about how to make money with his classmates. Of course, he also earned some living expenses by virtue of his cleverness and diligence.

At the beginning of 2003, he and a dozen classmates raised more than 2000 yuan and opened a small bar near the school. Soon, SARS shattered their dream of making money.

Before graduation, the teacher helped him to contact a design institute in Xi 'an for an internship. He volunteered to take part in the outside investigation, so that he didn't have to worry about food and shelter.

In July 2005, Xi Yaming University graduated and returned to work in Xi 'an's company. The company told him that he needed to continue his probation for three months, and the monthly salary was still 600 yuan.

At this time, his brother also founded a small road and bridge design company in Tongchuan, and he resigned from the company and returned to Tongchuan to help his brother.

In August 2007, he told his brother that he wanted to start his own business. His reasons are: on the one hand, he feels young and "doesn't want to enjoy the cool under his brother's tree"; On the other hand, he wants to develop the provincial capital, so that his career will be greatly improved.

In the end, he made his brother bear the stigma of "ingratitude". But he can't leave Tongchuan because he doesn't have enough money. Just then, the opportunity came. A friend introduced him to a project in Yan 'an and asked him if he could take it down in 20 days. Finally, he decided to win the project. In the next few days, he was busy looking for people, funds and office space. Borrowed 20,000 yuan from scratch, and finally completed the design project in 15 days, and passed the review smoothly. According to the book calculation, this project has a profit of 6,543,800 yuan, but after the settlement period is one year, he invisibly bears a debt of 20,000 yuan.

Many times after that, it was a bad start. He began to ask himself: how long can entrepreneurship last?

On unhappy days, he wrote in his blog: I really want to give up and find a better job! But I am unwilling, and I don't want to do that, because I chose this road, I chose this life, and I am here to struggle on the road of life!

But he never let go of his entrepreneurial dream. In April last year, he raised another 20,000 yuan to come to Xi 'an and registered the company. His initial positioning for the company was to "fill in the gaps", that is, to be a "small" design that a big design institute despises, starting with making small money. He tries to find business everywhere every day, and often only eats one meal.

Many things happen. In this way, he gradually established some contacts and undertook drawing, drawing and other technical assistance work in some design institutes. He said that by the end of last year, his company also had a turnover of nearly 300,000 yuan, but more than 10 million of it was not settled. Thanks to the preferential policies of the government, he got a small interest-free loan of 30,000 yuan guaranteed by the government, which helped him get out of trouble.

For a time, he seemed full of hope for the future.

However, the actual situation is not as optimistic as he said. In an online blog three months ago, he wrote: No one understands this lifestyle, because in my eyes, first, there is no money, and second, it doesn't matter. Designing and starting a business is doomed to death!

His friend's post said: actually, I can feel your situation … because you make people lose hope! Your idea is to make things better ... so you have to pay tuition.

Xi Yaming's answer is simple: in a word, fight for tomorrow! Don't be optimistic, but don't be pessimistic.

In any case, it is not an easy start for Xi Yaming, who was penniless a year ago, to bear at least 20 thousand yuan of various expenses every month.

He Guilong: Incubate in the shelter.

Compared with Xi Yaming, He Guilong's road to entrepreneurship seems to be easier.

He Guilong's company not only settled in the entrepreneurial base of college students in Xi High-tech Zone, enjoying zero rent and office equipment, but also had one-on-one entrepreneurial tutors to help solve various practical problems in entrepreneurship.

17 In March, around 1 in the afternoon, He Guilong, as a successful representative of college students' entrepreneurship, went to Xi municipal government to attend a symposium convened by the inspector group of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. His business card bears the title of "General Manager of Xi 'an Activity Hall Advertising Company". It's just that his registered capital is a little small, only 30 thousand yuan.

In July 2007, He Guilong graduated from the English College of Xi Engineering University. As a student, he was the head of the club. He gradually found that there were many business opportunities in the school. Half a year before graduation, with the support of his teacher, he raised 26,000 yuan and registered "Xi 'an Activity Hall Advertising Co., Ltd.".

In order to avoid turnover, he paid the rent for one year at a time. When he got his business license, all he had left was 16 yuan.

In addition to the dream of starting a business, He Guilong set up a company before graduation. He Guilong has another purpose. After he got the business license of the company, he immediately carved an official seal. With this official seal, he signed a labor contract with himself and handled the "three gold" for himself. Soon, I also went through the household registration formalities in Xi 'an.

He Guilong's business positioning of the company is accurate. The first business is to undertake the promotion of a product on campus. After the completion, he has a profit of nearly 2000 yuan, which is undoubtedly his greatest encouragement.

However, the good times did not last long, and the next summer vacation became a two-month business gap for the company. However, He Guilong did not lose heart. He envisioned setting up sales outlets in various campuses after the start of school to provide all kinds of daily necessities for new students. In the meantime, the main work of several employees of the company every day is to inquire, bargain and bargain in the wholesale market.

However, when school started, he was blindsided again. Not only do the freshmen carry almost all the necessary supplies with them, but also large and small shops inside and outside the campus are selling at low prices. He Guilong felt that he had encountered the first trough of entrepreneurship.

At the beginning of last year, because the company's business was too single, and there was no business during the winter vacation, he Guilong had to choose to close down.

After two months of reflection, he positioned the company's main business as making college sports manuals for free, and then used it as an advertising carrier to attract customers' investment. The company finally resumed business, but by this time there was no house, no staff and no money. However, these insider stories can't make customers feel that he runs around every day, visits the relevant responsible persons of Xi 'an universities for a month and a half, and finally signs a cooperation agreement with 19 universities.

After the completion of this business, there is almost no profit, not even enough to pay for the printing factory.

Fortunately, fate has arranged a new turn for him. With his efforts, on May 8, 2008, he moved into the high-tech zone entrepreneurship base and became the first college student entrepreneurship enterprise to enter here.

From June to 10, 2008, He Guilong obtained a small secured loan of 50,000 yuan from the Labor and Social Security Bureau and the Municipal Employment Service Center, which solved the big problem of insufficient liquidity.

"The future is beautiful and the reality is cruel."

"Inspiration illuminates life, entrepreneurship changes destiny" is the slogan of CCTV's "Win in China" program, and almost all college entrepreneurs are attracted by this program. For enthusiastic college students, this is beyond the scope of TV programs. It is more like a flag, a stage to show their passion and dreams. At the same time, successful entrepreneurs made high-profile appearances, while losers quietly withdrew. In front of students, there are too many entrepreneurial miracles.

However, in reality, creating wealth is far from being as simple as just saying your ideals aloud, and not everyone has the opportunity and ability to create myths. Enthusiasm may not bring you wealth and experience. Lack of funds, management experience and incomplete market research doomed the failure of most entrepreneurs.

"The future is beautiful and the reality is cruel." This is a summary of Qian's entrepreneurial experience. After graduating from college in 2004, Qian started his own company. Because of his successful start-up, he has become a model for local entrepreneurs in Xi. Last year, the total business of four companies under his name exceeded 30 million yuan.

On March 17, at the symposium held by the inspector group in An, Qian suggested in his speech that college students should not start their own businesses blindly four years before graduation, but should choose their careers first and then start their own businesses, that is, choose employment purposefully to accumulate experience for future entrepreneurship.

The dilemma of students' entrepreneurship highlights the deficiency of current education from the opposite side. Professor Cui of Northwestern Polytechnical University is one of the earliest entrepreneurial experts in China. He said that entrepreneurship education in domestic universities originated in 2002, and it is currently only piloted in nine universities across the country, including Northwestern Polytechnical University and Xi Jiaotong University. The course is not going well at present. In the United States, 1999, about 1 100 colleges and universities offered courses in this field. In the past 25 years, entrepreneurship has become the fastest-growing discipline in American business schools and engineering schools, and even in American high schools, simulated stock trading has become one of the elective courses.

The government has clearly realized the importance of entrepreneurship guidance and training. According to Jiao Weifa, director of the Office of the Leading Group for Entrepreneurship in Xi 'an, on March 365,438+0, Xi 'an will launch the "Entrepreneurship Training Program for 10,000 College Students", with the first phase of about 200 students. Eligible entrepreneurial students can enjoy "zero-fee" training, and those who pass the examination can also get a venture loan of up to 500,000 yuan with a total venture fund of 50 million yuan.

College students who want to start a business frequently call for preferential policies, thinking that the state should have a direct venture capital mechanism for college students, and set up preferential policies such as venture funds to stimulate college students' entrepreneurship. But in the face of market rules, entrepreneurs are ordinary legal persons and will not change because of the identity of college students. Too much emphasis on preferential policies without strengthening the ability to resist risks may cause greater losses to entrepreneurs.

Jiao Weifa said that the party and the government are working hard for college students to start businesses, and parents should also take responsibility. Just because Lang Lang is playing the piano, thousands of families in Qian Qian want their children to become pianists. We must educate and supervise our children, proceed from our own specialties and reality, and neither worry about failure nor blindly impulse.

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