1. Mosquito control:

For mosquito control, targeted measures should be taken according to the biological characteristics of different mosquito species. However, no matter which kind of mosquito breeds, it is inseparable from water. In addition, mosquito breeding has a large number and a short cycle. Therefore, the basic point of mosquito control is always around how to control and eliminate breeding sites, and general drugs to eliminate adult mosquitoes are only auxiliary measures. Mosquitoes are eliminated mainly by transforming and cleaning up the breeding and habitat environment of vector organisms, resulting in unfavorable living conditions for them, which is the fundamental solution. Specific measures include: environmental transformation, such as the transformation and construction of basic sanitation facilities, the transformation of sewers, gullies and gullies, etc. Environmental treatment, such as rummaging pots and cans, clearing mosquito breeding grounds, or carrying out water level fluctuation, intermittent irrigation, sluice scouring, and harmless treatment of garbage, feces and waste from special industries.

Mosquitoes can't be extinct in the big environment, but it is possible to create a mosquito-free environment indoors. Firstly, the accumulated water in various containers should be removed to prevent mosquitoes from breeding; Install screen doors and screens to prevent mosquitoes from flying in; Install air curtains at the entrances and exits of workshops, warehouses and public places; Mosquito killer shall be installed indoors under the guidance of professionals. Through the above measures, the purpose of mosquito prevention can be achieved without drugs or with less drugs. Because people have been killing mosquitoes for a long time, the resistance of mosquitoes to mosquito repellent and mosquito killing products is getting stronger and stronger. At present, the resistance of mosquitoes in Jiangsu Province to organophosphorus insecticides such as dichlorvos has reached the level of "high resistance", while it is "medium resistance" to pyrethroid insecticides such as permethrin, deltamethrin and cypermethrin. The use of chemical agents is the last choice. For the parts where mosquitoes often stop, long-acting sanitary insecticides can be used for residual spraying to minimize the environmental pollution and drug resistance caused by drug use. In the case of high mosquito density or possible mosquito-borne infectious diseases, ultra-low volume spray or hot smoke can be used as space treatment to kill adult mosquitoes.

2. antipruritic disinfection:

after being bitten by mosquitoes, don't scratch or scratch, otherwise it will easily cause bacterial infection. Experts suggest that

the following measures can be taken to relieve itching:

1. Generally, after being bitten by mosquitoes, people will have symptoms such as redness, itching and pain. At this time, alkaline substances can be used to relieve itching, for example, ammonia water can be used to relieve itching, and soap can also be dipped in water to smear on the redness and swelling, which

can relieve itching within a few minutes.

2. If the bite is itchy, you can play it with your fingers first, and then apply toilet water, wind oil, etc.

3. Apply or brew the itchy place with salt water, which can soften the lump and effectively relieve itching.

4. Use the juice from aloe leaves to relieve itching. When bitten by mosquitoes, you can cut a small piece of aloe

leaves, break them off after washing, and rub them on the swollen area several times to reduce swelling and relieve itching

3. Anti-mosquito diet:

In Gainesville laboratory, Florida, bernier found that carbon dioxide discharged from human body, lactic acid in sweat, perfume, hair oil and deodorant all attract mosquitoes, and wearing black clothes also attracts mosquitoes. In addition, bernier also found that some chemicals on the surface of human skin are offensive to mosquitoes, but bernier didn't specify what they are. Because everyone's body smells different, mosquito bites vary from person to person. In addition, mosquitoes themselves have their own "likes and dislikes". Bernier and others are currently studying this.

Some people think that eating yeast, garlic or vitamin B12 for brewing beer can avoid mosquito bites, but researchers say that these indigenous methods are actually of little use. Bernier pointed out that specific food to avoid mosquito bites needs special research. Keeping the living environment clean and preventing mosquito breeding is the key to prevent mosquito bites.

IV. Spreading diseases

There are three common genera of mosquitoes: Anopheles, Aedes and Culex pipiens. Culex pipiens pallens, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus and Anopheles sinensis are common in Wuxi, with Culex pipiens pallens as the main species (61%), followed by Anopheles sinensis. Culex pipiens pallens adults are medium-sized and light brown, and their larvae breed in sewage pits, clean water cesspits and stagnant water in depressions. Adult mosquitoes are addicted to human blood, and this mosquito species is the vector of Japanese encephalitis and filariasis. Anopheles sinensis is the dominant mosquito species in rice producing areas and an important vector of malaria and filariasis. Aedes albopictus adult mosquitoes are small, black and have white spots, commonly known as "flower mosquitoes". Their larvae breed in water containers such as bamboo tubes, tree holes, stone caves, crocks, etc. Adult mosquitoes suck blood during the day, which is an important medium for spreading Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever. The discovery and existence of these mosquito species does not necessarily mean that there will be the spread of related diseases, but when infectious patients and vector mosquitoes coexist, there will be the possibility of spreading diseases.

5. Mosquito species

Anopheles: Mosquitoes are gray with black and white spots on their wings. When staying, their abdomen and tail are raised high, and the mosquito body forms an oblique angle with the flat surface. Mosquito eggs are scattered in the stagnant clear water, and the larvae float parallel to the water surface.

Culex pipiens: The mosquito body is brown and its wings are transparent. When staying, the mosquito body is parallel to the wall and lays eggs in the sewage. Dozens of eggs gather together and float on the water surface, and the larvae are obliquely upside down in the water at an angle.

Aedes aegypti: The mosquito body is black with white spots. When staying, the mosquito body is parallel to the wall, and it often lays eggs in small containers with clear water. The eggs are black and scattered and sink to the bottom of the water, and the carcasses hang upside down in the water like larvae of library ants.

VI. Mosquito habits

The development process of mosquitoes can be divided into four stages: eggs, larvae (larvae), pupae and adults. The first three periods all lived in water.

eggs, larvae and pupae become mosquitoes

mosquitoes can live for about a month in their lifetime, and overwintering mosquitoes can live for two or three months. A female mosquito can lay eggs 3-4 times in her life; Every time you lay 151-251 eggs, it takes seven days at the earliest, twenty-six days at the longest, and generally about twelve days. A mosquito can be passed on for five to ten generations a year.

The climate is warm and humid, and mosquitoes can grow and reproduce all morning. Because the winter cold time is not long, there are two mosquito peaks. The first peak is from March to May, and the second peak is from September to November. This is the truth of the folk saying that "in August of the lunar calendar, mosquitoes have teeth, and in September, mosquitoes have horns" and "no mosquitoes come to beginning of autumn in the summer solstice".