He Xinmin

He Xinmin, camel scientist. The pioneer of modern camel breeding in China. Created the only camel corps in China. He was the first to study and clarify the relationship between the physiological and biological characteristics of camel blood morphology and camel adaptability, presided over the cultivation of Alashan bactrian camel varieties in Inner Mongolia, and compiled the history of camel breeding in China and the first book Camelology.

Chinese name: He Xinmin

Nationality: China

Birthplace: Yuanjiang County, Hunan Province

Occupation: Camelologist

Graduation institution: Gansu Animal Husbandry School

Major achievement: pioneer of modern camel breeding in China. Established the only representative work of China Camel Corps

: Camelology

Gender: Male

Resume

Born in Yuanjiang County, Hunan Province on June 27th, 1918.

In p>1938, he graduated from Gansu Animal Husbandry School and worked as a trainee in Camel Brigade of Gansu Provincial Transportation Department.

In p>1939, he studied at Moscow University in the Soviet Union.

medical college of sun yat-sen university, Lechang county, Guangdong province in p>1941.

in p>1943, he was transferred to Yunnan to participate in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and served as deputy head and head of the 2nd cavalry regiment directly under the commander's command of the expeditionary force.

Life Introduction

He Xinmin was born on June 27th, 1918 in Yangluo Town, Yuanjiang County, Hunan Province. At an early age, under the urging of my father and uncle, I finished reading the "Four Books" and "Five Classics" before the age of 13, laying a good writing foundation. In 1937, when he finished high school in Changsha, it coincided with the Lugouqiao Incident and he decided to join the army. In autumn, I went to Lanzhou to find my uncle He Yaozu (then chairman of Gansu provincial government). He looked at the nephew who had come from a long way to vote, and said silently, "Jiayuguan in northwest Gansu, Mongolia in the north, with deserts and Gobi everywhere, it is difficult for cars and horses to walk." People's movement and military movement mainly rely on camels, but there are very few people who have always studied camels, and the camel industry can't develop. The animal husbandry school has started, so you should study hard first and concentrate on studying camels. Don't just want to be an official, you should specialize in one subject. " So he was sent to Gansu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary School. After graduation, he was assigned to the Camel Brigade of the Provincial Transportation Department as a trainee. When He Xinmin stepped into the camel team, he was immediately attracted by some huge and strange animals. His keen interest made him have an indissoluble bond with camels all his life.

in p>1939, He Xinmin went to Moscow to study, and in 1941, he returned to the Medical College of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangdong. Because of the tense war, he was transferred to Yunnan, went to Myanmar to join War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and made meritorious military service. Before the end of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, 25-year-old He Xinmin had been promoted to head of the 2nd Regiment directly under the Chief Command of the Chinese Expeditionary Force. The intense school life and the hectic military career of Rong Ma failed to make him forget the camel. As soon as the Anti-Japanese War was over, he asked to investigate camels in the northwest. In 1946, he organized the investigation when he was the staff officer of the Northwest Battalion, and immediately suggested that the Ministry of National Defense of the former National Government establish a new type of desert arms-the Army Independent Camel Corps, with him as the head. Years of long-cherished dreams have finally come true. In 1949, Xi 'an and Lanzhou were liberated one after another. At that time, He Xinmin, who was in the old camp and whose heart was in Yan 'an, set up the "New Life Association", the core organization of the uprising, under the guidance of China's * * production party. In September, he led the electricity uprising, and the camel corps with more than 3,111 officers and men and more than 4,111 camels embarked on the road of new life! He Xinmin finally found the oasis of life on the boundless road of life. After liberation, He Xinmin was the head of the China People's Liberation Army Independent Camel Corps. In 1953, he was transferred to the deputy chief of staff of the three armed forces. In 1961, he transferred to Hunan Provincial People's Government as a counselor. He Xinmin has also discussed the topography, climate, soil, vegetation and other characteristics of desert and semi-desert areas, and was later accepted as a member of the China Desert Society. He has also studied the history of animal husbandry, and is also a member of China Agricultural History Society. But he is the most prominent in the study of camels. In the spring of 1979, he was invited by Ningxia Agricultural College and Inner Mongolia Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College to be the editor of Camel Breeding. Camelology, edited by him in the 1961s, was finally published in 1983. When he served as a counselor in Hunan Province, he went to the countryside for many times to investigate and study the production situation of agriculture and animal husbandry in this province, and put forward suggestions and opinions for the provincial government as a reference for implementing and formulating policies.

main works

1 He Xinmin. A Textbook for Camel Soldiers. Published by the Third Army of China People's Liberation Army, 1951

2 He Xinmin. Camel Science. National Camel Breeding Committee, 1983

3 He Xinmin. Camel Science. Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1984

4 He Xinmin.

Main contribution

Cultivation of new camel varieties:

Camels purchased by Camel Corps at the beginning of its construction were all Alashan camels in Inner Mongolia, which were stout and sturdy, suitable for piggyback transportation, but lacked riding type. The combat troops should choose the riding type with delicate and compact appearance, flexible movements and fast pace. In 1948, He Xinmin went to Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture and Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture in southern Xinjiang to conduct a variety survey, and * * * agreed that southern Xinjiang camels were suitable for this purpose. In order to breed a new breed quickly in a short period of time, the best male camel of Wufeng was selected from the two places, and mated with Minqin Camel Farm of Corps and Alashan Female Camel. After five or six years, the first and second generations of descendants were tested, and their body shape changed: smaller head, shorter body, slender legs, more flexible movements and faster walking speed. After liberation, herders demanded that the quality of camel hair be improved. In the spring of 1962, He Xinmin went to the Unity Brigade of Zuoqi Tamarind Commune to investigate. There were 1162 camel peaks in this area, of which more than 42% camel hairs were short, brown, black and blue, and the wool yield peaks were all about 2.5 kg, and there were more secondary or tertiary hairs, so the process value was low. Breeding of this variety was carried out from 1965 to 1976, and the results of random sampling showed that the wool yield of adult female camel was as high as 7 kg, the cashmere length was more than 8 cm, and the first grade cashmere accounted for 95.86%, the second grade accounted for 2.7% and the third grade accounted for 1.44%. He Xinmin sorted out the whole process of breeding and included it in the third chapter "Camel Breeding Methods" of Camelology. 1992-11-25 The Science and Technology Committee of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Agriculture Committee of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region assessed that He Xinmin had made remarkable achievements in the cultivation of Alashan bactrian camel varieties in Inner Mongolia, and awarded the honorary award as encouragement.

Study on camel history:

Camel farming in China has a long history, but we have never seen any historical materials that systematically summarize the camel farming experience of working people in past dynasties. In view of this, He Xinmin has done a lot of work in collecting, exploring and sorting out the ancient camel farming history. He has researched the "Nuotuo" fossils and a large number of Neolithic rock paintings unearthed in the late Pleistocene strata in the Salawusu River basin of Yikezhaomeng, Inner Mongolia in this century, and concluded that the area had sprouted in the Neolithic age. In the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province, the cultural relics unearthed from the Taritaha site in Nomuhong were investigated, and it was concluded that in ancient times, the ancestors of Qiang nationality domesticated camels in Nomuhong area. According to the unearthed physical evidence, it is confirmed that the camel was domesticated as a "strange animal" by the tribes of Shanrong, Nian and Hun Zhou, who lived in Beiman, as contained in Historical Records Biography of Xiongnu, which is accurate. He Xinmin read a lot of books, searched widely for literature, devoted himself to studying camel history for decades, collected a lot of historical materials, discarded its dross and took its essence, and wrote papers such as "Camel Development History in China", which were published in agricultural archaeology, China Agricultural History and other magazines respectively, and were cited by the public, which reflected very well.