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The old saying: "360 lines, line out of the scholar." Qing Guangxu Xu Ke "Qing Wei-class notes - agricultural and commercial class": "36 lines, a variety of occupations. On its division of labor about counting, said thirty-six lines; times, then seventy-two lines; ten of the three hundred and sixty lines." Visible "three hundred and sixty lines" is only an approximate number.
Now we say "three hundred and sixty lines" from the Tang Dynasty on the development of the division of social industries. The Tang Dynasty divided the social industry into 360 lines, including meat shop, seafood line, fresh fish line, wine line, rice line, sauce line, Palace powder line, flowers and fruits line, tea line, soup store line, medicine shop line, clothing line, silk line, Gu embroidery line, needle and thread line, leather line, Zha Zu line, firewood line, coffin line, the old line, pallbearer line, the net net line, drums line, juggling, picking the emperor's carriage, jewelry line, jade line, paper line, stationery line, appliances line, bamboo line, potters, and so on. The following is a list of some of the most important things you can do to make your life more comfortable.
Let's take a look at who the grandmasters of each line are.
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1, the construction industry (bamboo, wood and masonry): the Spring and Autumn Lu Ban
Gongtu's, the name of the general, the Spring and Autumn period of the State of Lu people. Bon and Ban have the same sound, so it is called Lu Ban. He created the ladder for attacking the city and the stone for grinding powder, and is rumored to have invented woodworking tools. In the old days, the architects and craftsmen were honored as their ancestors.
2. Agriculture: Shennong's (Houji)
Shennong, one of the three emperors of ancient China, is the legendary inventor of agriculture and medicine, who tasted all kinds of herbs and taught people about medical treatment and farming.
3. Tailoring: Regulus (Yellow Emperor)
Regulus is a compound surname, i.e. Yellow Emperor. Later generations honored him as the "first human ancestor" of Chinese civilization. It is rumored that the Yellow Emperor taught the people to sew leaves and animal skins with bone needles and twine. Therefore, he was honored as the ancestor of the sewing industry.
4, sericulture, textiles: Rayon (wife of the Yellow Emperor)
Legend has it that she was the wife of the Yellow Emperor, taught the people to raise silkworms to cure silk, and after the Northern Zhou Dynasty was regarded as the god of silkworms.
5, weaving: Huang Daobo
Huang Daobo, also known as Huang Po, a female textile technician in the Yuan Dynasty. As a result of teaching advanced textile technology and the promotion of advanced textile tools, and by the people's admiration. In the Qing Dynasty, she was honored as the founder of the cloth industry.
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6, dyeing industry, laundry industry: Mei Ge two immortals (Western Han Mei Fu, Eastern Jin Ge Hong)
Mei Ge, is the combined name of Mei Fu and Ge Hong. Both of them had been alchemists of alchemy, and alchemy and printing and dyeing raw materials are somewhat related, and it is said that had been refined in the alchemy of various colors of dyes, which were applied by the later generations to printing and dyeing cloth and paper.
7, smelting and casting (iron, copper, silversmiths): Spring and Autumn Laozi (Taishang Laojun)
Legend has it that Laozi had cast the eight trigrams of the furnace (later known as the "Laojun furnace") to make elixirs in order to seek immortality.
8, education: Confucius
Confucius, the Spring and Autumn State of Lu people, the Great Sage, the teacher of the world.
9, business: Zhao Gongming, (Spring and Autumn Fan Li)
Zhao Gongming is Zhao Xuan Tan, also known as Zhao Gongyuan Shi. The god of wealth worshipped by Taoism. He is a black-faced and bearded man with an iron crown, an iron whip and a black tiger. Legend has it that he can drive away thunder and electricity, eliminate plagues and disasters, preside over justice and seek wealth as desired.
Fan Li, the word Shaobo, Chu Wanyan (now Nanyang, Henan Province), has assisted King Goujian of Yue to destroy Wu, after the success of the Palace of Commerce, traveled to Qi, said the scops owl Zi Pi, in the Tao (now Dingtao, Shandong Province), said Tao Zhu Gong, the business was "three to the thousands of gold" are scattered to help the poor, and the business ethics of its highly respected by the future generations.
10, catering: Spring and Autumn Yi teeth
Yi teeth, a famous chef in the Spring and Autumn period, also written as Di teeth. He was a close minister favored by Duke Huan of Qi, used for Yong people, that is, the chef specializing in food and drink of Duke Huan of Qi. He was good at seasoning, so he was very happy with Duke Huan of Qi.
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11, brewing industry: the Xia Dynasty Yi Di, (Xia Dynasty Dukang)
"What to solve the problem, only Dukang." Legend has it that Yidi or Dukang were both the founders of wine, if I have to say a difference is: Yidi was the founder of yellow wine, while Dukang was the founder of sorghum wine.
12, ham industry: the Song Dynasty Zongze
Zongze is a famous general of the resistance to the Jin Dynasty Yiwu people in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, he once brought his hometown cured pork leg offered to the Song Emperor Qinzong, the salted pork leg meat color, aroma and taste, because of the color of the bright red like fire, Song Emperor Qinzong on the name of the "ham! "
Ham is a very important part of the Chinese culture.
13, the tofu industry: Western Han Dynasty King of Huainan Liu An
Liu An is the grandson of Liu Bang, inherited Huainan King. In its boiling elixir, inadvertently used soybeans, salt brine made of tofu brain (i.e., water tofu).
14, savory industry: Qin Shi Huang
It is said that when the construction of the Great Wall of China, Qin Shi Huang came up with a way to turn the green vegetables into savory, to solve the problem of the long time of civil workers to eat vegetables.
15, steamed bread industry, pastry industry: Three Kingdoms Zhuge Liang
Three Kingdoms when Zhuge Liang led the army to conquer the barbarians triumphantly back, passing through Lushui, rampant gods blocking the road to be sacrificed to the head, Zhuge Liang changed to use cattle and horse meat as a stuffing, outsourcing the flour into steamed bread as an alternative to the sacrifices and honored.
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16, pastry industry: Wen Zhong
King Wu invaded the Zhou Dynasty, King Zhou sent the master Wen Zhong to lead the troops to defend, Wen Zhong made a sweet pastry, as the marching rations. Later, this kind of cake spread to the people, and it was called "Tai Shi Cake". Wen Zhong was also honored as the ancestor of the pastry industry.
17, roast duck industry: Zhu Yuanzhang
It is said that Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor after the capital of Nanjing, he loved to eat duck, but boiled, braised, steamed duck ate more than enough to feel bored, the whole day moping. Palace chefs racked their brains, changed the traditional cooking methods, using fruit wood charcoal fire oven baking, so that the duck meat is tender, fat and not greasy, was named "roast duck" by Zhu Yuanzhang.
18. Shabu Shabu: Kublai
It is said that Kublai went south to fight, and when he was busy eating between battles, the chef was too busy to make the traditional lamb stew, and then he sliced it thinly and shabu-shabu in boiling water, and found that it tasted very sweet, which has been passed down ever since.
19, restaurant and teahouse industry: Zaojun, tomato confusion true gentleman
20, the hotel industry: the Three Kingdoms Guan Yu
Guan Yu is a man of integrity, do things with words and have faith, so for the later generations of people when the official and business people are honored as a master.
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21, hairdressing: Lu Dongbin
One of the eight immortals. According to legend, Tang Jingzhao people, because once in the Jianghuai beheading Jiao, later people honored as the ancestor of the barber industry.
22, bath industry: Zhigong Zen Master
Zhigong, also known as Zhigong, the history of its people, is the Southern Dynasties when the monk Baozhi Zen Master, the world known as Zhigong monk. Beijing bath industry for the pedicurist created, pedicurist by Zhigong as the ancestor, so the bath industry also by Zhigong as the ancestor.
23, tourism: the late Ming Xu Xiake
Xu Xiake, the famous geographer, traveler. The author of the Chinese geography masterpiece "Xu Xiake Travels". He is known as the "Wondrous Man of the Ancient World".
24, Chinese medicine: the Warring States Magpie, the Three Kingdoms Hua Tuo
The Warring States medical practitioner Bian Magpie founded the "four diagnostic" medical skills of looking, smelling, questioning, cutting, and the later generations that is honored him as the ancestor of Chinese medicine.
25, Chinese medicine: Ming Dynasty Li Shizhen
Li Shizhen, the word Dongbi, Ming Dynasty outstanding medical doctor. Authored "Compendium of Materia Medica" and many other medical books.
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26, TCM internal medicine: the Tang dynasty Sun Simiao
Sun Simiao, Tang dynasty medical doctor. Author of the "Thousand Gold Formula", known as "King of Medicine" by later generations.
27, Chinese surgery: Three Kingdoms Hua Tuo
Hua Tuo name Fu, the word Tianhua, had created the anaesthesia ( *** ) used in surgical operations, so it is honored as the "originator of surgery".
28, acupuncture: Northern Song Dynasty Wang only
Wang only, Song Dynasty acupuncturist, also known as Wang Weide, designed and hosted the casting of acupuncture bronze two, bronze body, organs can be combined and can be divided, the surface of the body is engraved with the name of acupuncture and moxibustion points, used for teaching and examination. At home and abroad has had a greater impact.
29, Chinese medicine, obstetrics and gynecology: Chen Jinggu in the Tang Dynasty
Chen Jinggu, nicknamed Chen XIV, Han Chinese folk in Fujian Province, known as the mother's milk, milkmaiden, Mrs. Milk, Mrs. Linshui, Mrs. Chen Milk, the Shuntian Shengmu and so on. Chen Jinggu is one of the Han Chinese folk beliefs, the Han Chinese working people to send a kind of evil evil, welcome the good wishes of auspicious and blessed.
30, plaster industry: Iron crutch Li
One of the Eight Immortals, because legend has it that the big gourd on his back preserved the magic elixir. So later Chinese society engaged in the ointment industry regarded him as their ancestor.
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31, veterinary industry: Spring and Autumn Bole (Sun Yang)
Sun Yang is the middle of the Spring and Autumn period of Bole, good at matching horses.
32, pen industry: the Qin Dynasty Mengtian
Mengtian, a famous general of Qin. Legend has it that he improved the brush.
33, paper industry: Eastern Han Dynasty Cai Lun
Cai Lun summed up the experience of papermaking since the Western Han Dynasty, improve the papermaking technology, the use of bark, hemp head, rags, old fish nets as raw materials for papermaking, for the invention of papermaking in China.
34, printing: Northern Song Bi Sheng
Bi Sheng, an ancient Chinese inventor, the inventor of movable type printing.
35, painting industry: Tang Dynasty Wu Daozi
Tang Dynasty Kaiyuan Taoist priest, good at making poems and paintings.
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36, stationery bookstore industry: Wenchang Emperor
Wenchang Emperor, the son of the Yellow Emperor, the name of the wave, good at making strings Zhang net and thus Zhang for the family name, the repeated lifetimes to be born as a Confucian, has assisted the Duke of Zhou, pay attention to the classics, brilliant, by the world of scholars and writers respect.
37, ink and ink industry: Spring and Autumn Zilu (Confucius students)
Zilu for the students of Confucius, ink and ink and pass it on.
38, geomancy and numerology fortune-telling industry, fortune-telling line: Spring and Autumn Gigu Zi
Because the Gigu Zi is good at divination and measurement, will be fortune-telling Mr. grandfather.
39, the human phase industry: the wind after the clan
The wind after the clan, the ancient yellow emperor chancellor, proficient in physiognomy, the first creation of the wind identification of science.
40, the fate of the industry: the hemp clothes fairy
hemp clothes fairy, proficient in folk face art, writing hemp clothes face method has been passed down to the world.
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41, face line: Ming Dynasty Liu Bowen
Ming Dynasty founding father Liu Ji, the word Bowen. He is known for his brilliant calculations and strategizing.
42, Feng Shui line: Eastern Jin Guo Pu
Guo Pu, the two Jin Dynasty, a famous literary, exegetical, Feng Shui scholars, good ancient text, strange words, fine astronomy, calendar, divination.
43, kiln industry: Nüwa Niangniang
Mythological account of Nüwa refining stone and mending the sky, is the originator of the kiln industry inventor.
44, fisheries: Western Zhou Jiang Shang
Jiang Taigong, the name of Shang, in the Weishui secluded fishing, met King Wen and worshiped as a national teacher.
45, the aquaculture industry: the Dragon King
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46, the beauty industry: the Qing Dynasty Li Yu
Li Yu, the Qing Dynasty opera singer, known as Li Shilang, proficient in composing music, guiding the artists gesture performance and make-up.
47. Prostitution: Guan Zhong
Guan Zhong was the first to create market prostitutes and brothels, and became the founder of the prostitution system.
48, the barking industry: the Five Dynasties - the Southern Tang Dynasty Han Xizai
Han Xizai love to dress up as a beggar, to the concubines in front of the room begging.
49, the servant industry: Zhongsanlang
50, the silver industry: Oqifo
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51, the banking industry, the pawnshop: Zhao Gongming
52, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea, the tea. > 52, the tea industry: the Tang Dynasty Lu Yu
Lu Yu, Tang Fuzu Jingling people, the word Hong Jian. Sex witty, closed door book, unwilling to serve as an official. He was famous for his love of tea, and was very knowledgeable about the tea ceremony, and was regarded as the "God of Tea". strong>
Qiu Shi Ji is an ancient Chinese jade cutting celebrity.
57, betel nut industry: the Tang Dynasty Han Yu
Han Yu, one of the eight great Tang and Song dynasty, Han Yu for criticizing the current political situation, was relegated to the official Chaozhou, because of soil and water disorders suffer from cold and wet, because of eating betel nut and get well.
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58, slaughter industry: Zhenwu Da Di
Zhenwu Da Di young to kill pigs for the industry, but the good heart, and then for the Goddess of Mercy of the Buddha, put down the butcher's knife, and become a Buddha and the road.
59, bamboo and gabion industry: the green man
60, bamboo smiths: Taishan, Zhang Ban
61, copper and iron industry: felt tan old man
62, white blacksmiths: white clouds old man
62, white iron smiths: white clouds old man
62, white iron smiths: white cloud
63, leather shoes industry: the Warring States Sun Bin
Sun Bin could not walk on both feet and could not support it. So he designed a kind of shoes similar to high-waisted leather boots, and the originator of leather shoes in the world.
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64, pedicurist: Zhigong Zen Master Chen Qi Zi
Legend has it that Zhigong Zen staff with pedicurist knives hanging on the staff, has been for the Buddha Shakyamuni, the old man Dharma and King Wen of Zhou and others to repair the feet, cure foot disease. Chen Qi Zi young worship barber industry master Luo Zu learning, because of playfulness and playfulness so that the master was furious, in a fit of anger, broke his razor, and scolded: "you play croak to go"! Chen Qi Zi had to use half of the razor for people to repair foot disease, and later got the real person to point out the craft more and more refined, thus creating this line of foot repair.
65, leather: white Buddha
66, sharpening the knife: the emperor on the horse
67, Za Liuji: Fan Dan
68, Za Liqi: Zhigong Zenji
69, pottery: Ning Fengzi
70, paint: Yu
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71, carving lacquer: Yu Bo Ya
72, clay sculpture, face sculpture industry: Nuwa
73, fur line, cooked leather industry: Bi Gan
74, comb and grate line: Helyan, Chen Qizi, Zhang Ban
75, sugar workshop: Monk Zou
76, livestock and dental firms: Horse God
77, flower firms, flower farmers: Flower King God
78, the hatching industry: Zhang Wu, Lu Xianggong
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80, dried and fresh fruit line: Queen Mother
Fruit farmers and fruit merchants want to worship the Queen Mother because it is said that she has two treasures, one is the medicine of immortality; and the other is the immortal peaches that can be eaten to live forever.
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81, granary ancestor: Han Xin in Western Han
82, song art industry: the Tang Dynasty old Lang Shen
Legend has it that in the Tang Dynasty, there are gray wolves turned into red children to guide the royal pear orchard children to practise the singing of the results of the extraordinary to entertain the Tang Emperor! The story goes that the gray wolf became a boy in red to guide the royal family to practice singing with great success to entertain Emperor Ming Huang.
83, opera industry: Tang Xuanzong Li Longji
Tang Xuanzong had called the song and dance artists and courtesans in the pear orchard to learn the art, and from time to time to personally mallet drums playing music. As a result, later generations referred to the opera artists as the "brothers of the pear orchard".
84, review (say) the book industry: the end of the Ming Dynasty Liu Jingting
Review of the book is known as the review of the story, also known as the drum book, the board talk. Liu Jingting, originally surnamed Cao, Tongzhou (now Nantong, Jiangsu Province), known as "Liu commentary".
85, the line: Zhou Zhuang Wang
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86, the line: Western Han Dongfang Shuo
Dongfang Shuo because of the humorous and witty, quick-witted, and good at laughing and entertaining the people by the comics community later enshrined as a grandmaster.
87, singing: Zhang Guolao
Zhang Guolao, one of the Eight Immortals, used to carry a tube of love, riding a white donkey upside down, traveling around the world, singing love.
88, music line: Hong Ya (white eyebrow God)
89, juggling, acrobatics line: Lv Dongbin
90, shadow puppetry ancestor: Li Shao-weng of the Western Han Dynasty
91, puppetry ancestor: Li Shao-weng of the Western Han Dynasty
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92, drummers ancestor: the Spring and Autumn Shi Kuang
93, martial arts line: the Ming Dynasty Zhang Sanfeng
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94, Thieves ancestor: Northern Song Dynasty Shi Qian
Shi Qian in Liangshan was appointed as the army to go to the confidential infantry leader, people say he is the sky of the earth's evil stars down to the world, for the "earth thieves star drums on the flea Shi Qian", no wonder the thieves want to worship him as a grandmaster.
95, the matchmaker ancestor: the Santa Claus
The Santa Claus is a legendary fairy, is specialized in the earth's marriage of the God.
96, justice, prison ancestor: Gaotao
Legend has it that he is the eldest son of the Yellow Emperor, the first of the "Five Emperors" in ancient China, descendant of Shao Hao (Xuan Hao), the leader of the Eastern barbarian tribes. Gaotao was a wise official of Emperor Shun and the early Xia Dynasty, and was said to have been appointed by Shun as a "magistrate" in charge of criminal law during the reign of Emperor Yao, and was known for his integrity.
Note: (The above is only a part of the many industries, in fact, the types of industry is not only "360 lines", but also more than 3,600 lines. However, "three hundred and sixty lines" is just a generalization of the number of folk "three hundred and sixty lines" is a general term, over the years the habit of nature, say it is convenient to listen to the ear, so that the industry is still generally known as "three hundred and sixty lines", "three hundred and sixty lines", "three hundred and sixty lines", "three hundred and sixty lines", "three hundred and sixty lines", "three hundred and sixty lines", "three hundred and sixty lines". The "three hundred and sixty lines".