During the period of the two Han dynasties, there were many ethnic minorities stationed in the northern part of the desert who had been subdued by the Han dynasty. Whenever there was a war, they were conscripted to fight as soldiers. Later, because of the fierce civil wars, the population was greatly reduced, the land was deserted, and the imperial court needed to replenish the population, so it encouraged the inward migration of the ethnic groups outside of the plugs to open up the land for farming. As a result, the five hu (五胡) ethnic groups in the north, namely the Capricorn, the Dizi, the Qiang, the Xiongnu, and the Xianbei, were dispersed all over the Central Plains. Xianbei, one of the "five hu", was oppressed by Xiong Nu during the Western Han Dynasty, and fled to the Great Xianbei Mountain, which gave it its name. In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the decline of the Xiongnu, the Xianbei tribe flourished, living in a diaspora area that stretched from the Liaohe River Basin in the east to today's Xinjiang in the west, with an area of 12,000 miles from east to west and more than 7,000 miles from north to south. Later, part of the Xianbei tribe gradually south to Longxi (present-day Gansu Lintao) and other places, and the Han Chinese mixed, so this part of the Xianbei called Longxi Xianbei. Since the end of the Western Jin Dynasty to the Northern Wei Dynasty to unify the north, in a long period of more than 130 years of history, China's ethnic minorities have established a number of short-lived regimes, the history of the "five hu sixteen states". One of them was the Western Qin State, which was founded by the Kilfu Xianbei.

The Xianbei people in the Qin and Han Dynasties lived in the northeast of present-day Inner Mongolia, south of the Erguna River, to the north of present-day Liaoning Xilamulun River in the vast area to nomadic herding, originally belonged to the five hu in the east hu. Pre-qin period of "east hu", researchers believe is a tribal alliance. East Hu in the late Warring States gradually powerful, conquered and controlled the Daxing'anling area of the many tribes and tribal alliances, become the north from the Erguna River, south to the West Lamurun River, the old Ha River the most powerful forces in the vast area. On the formation of the Xianbei, some scholars believe that the earliest activities in the large Xianbei Mountain (now the northern tip of the Daxinganling, Inner Mongolia Oroqen Autonomous Banner Ali River town of Ga Xiandong) area of the Tuoba clan as the core, the integration of other clans and tribes of the East Hu and the gradual formation of the clan. Tuoba clan since the end of the Western Han Dynasty, began to move from the Great Xianbei Mountain to the Xianbei Mountain (now Inner Mongolia Zhemeng Kerqin left-winged flag), and became the core of the Xianbei clan.

The Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor Liu Zhao Yongyuanyuan year (89 AD), the northern Xiongnu tribal alliance was defeated by the Eastern Han Dynasty, moved westward, the original residence of the Mongolian region was occupied by the Xianbei people, stay in the Mongolian region of more than 100,000 Xiongnu are absorbed by the Xianbei people, so the Xianbei people are also made up of a number of ethnic groups, and later formed a number of Xianbei tribes. Later on, the Xianbei people became stronger and stronger, and became one of the northern ethnic groups that took the place of the Xiongnu. Around the end of the second century A.D., the Xianbei tribal alliance collapsed, and some of the Xianbei tribes, from the desert north to the south, moved to the Great Yinshan (present-day Yinshan, Inner Mongolia) mountain range generation of nomadic herding. At that time to move here are such as Fusi, out of even, scold Lu, Kilow and other departments. After the ministries to push the Kilfu Department Uggurgan (Xianbei language, meaning relying on) as the leader, called the Kilfu Khan Tiduo Moho.

In the second year of Emperor Sima Yan's reign in 266 A.D., Kilfu's leader, Kilfu Youyi, led 5,000 households to move south to the Xia Yuan (in northern Ningxia), and then annexed more than 70,000 households of the Xianbei Lujie Department, which had long ago moved to the Gao Ping River (in Ningxia's Qingshui River basin), and gradually grew in power. Later, they continued to move south to Pingliang, Jingyuan and Longxi in present-day Gansu Province. Therefore, this part of the Xianbei people is also known as Longxi Xianbei, and mainly Kilfu Department, or Kilfu Xianbei. The Longxi Xianbei were later divided into a number of tribes, with the tribal chiefs called chieftains and the head of the tribal alliance called Khan. Longxi Xianbei Khan belongs to the hereditary position, from the first generation of Khan Kiluvu - Uhegan → Kiluvu - Youyin → Kiluvu - Jiequan → Kiluvu - Lina → Kiluvu - Qi → Kiluvu - Shiyan → Kiluvu - ??? Dahan → Kiluvu - Sifan ...... basically the Kiluvu clan members of the same lineage.

Longxi Xianbei and then over the牵屯山(the present Ningxia Guyuan) to Yuanchuan, Warrior Chuan area (both present-day Shaanxi Yuzhong northeast), nomadic for half a century. At that time, the Yuanchuan "for the fertile land of the Longma" water and grass, very suitable for the development of animal husbandry and agriculture, the Kilfu Xianbei settled down here for a long time.

In the sixth year of the reign of Jin Emperor Sima Yi (371 A.D.), the former Qin Emperor Fu Jian sent General Wang Tong to lead a crusade against the Longxi Xianbei (陇西鲜卑). Kilfu Sifan led 30,000 cavalry to fight against them in the Yuanchuan area, but he was defeated by Wang Tong because his weapons and equipment were too backward. Kilfu Shi Fan surrendered to Fu Jian. Seeing the bravery of Kilfu Sifan and his uncle, Kilfu Tule, Fu Jian made Kilfu Tule his "warrior protector, to protect his troops." Later, because of Kilfu Sifan's repeated victories in battle, he was authorized to be the Minister of War, the Governor of the military forces of the Western Hu, and the General of Zhenxi. After the death of Kilfu Sifan, his son, Kilfu Guoren, took over his position and guarded the Warrior River in the Yuanchuan Valley. When Kilfu Youyuan became the Khan, the number of Kilfu tribes was only 5,000 households, and the strength was less than 10,000 soldiers. Later, they moved to Ningxia and gradually became stronger. To Kilfu Shuyan succeeded to the throne, in the Yuanchuan "defeated the Xianbei Mohou Department, captured more than 20,000 of its people", the power continues to expand. By the time Kilfu-Guo Ren succeeded to the throne, the Kilfu tribe was already rich in feathers. The Yuanchuan River Valley, where the Western Qin Dynasty first established its capital, has now been degraded by vegetation, and the fertile scenery recorded in the history books can no longer be seen. It is said that the area was once a primitive forest, and with the passage of time, it has been transformed into a natural pasture with abundant water and grass, suitable for horses and livestock. In the time of Kilfu Guo Ren, it was a poetic land full of "wind-blown grass and low cattle and sheep", but there were too many jingo and beacons on this land.

Cao Wei Yuan Emperor Cao Huan Xianxi two years (Jin Emperor Sima Yan Taishi first year, AD 265), Jin Emperor Wu Wei, Wei history is over, Sima Yan established the powerful Western Jin Dynasty, in the Western Jin Taikang first year (Wu the last emperor of the Sun Hao Tianji four years, AD 280), the destruction of the Eastern Wu regime, re-unification of the land of China. However, only twenty-six years later, in the first year of the reign of Emperor Sima Zi of Jin (291 AD), the Western Jin Dynasty was in the midst of the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings", which led to the collapse of the Western Jin Dynasty, and the ethnic minority aristocrats of the Xiongnu, Qiang, Dibei, Capricorn, and Xianbei, who were spread out in the northwestern part of the country, took advantage of the opportunity to set themselves up as kings, and among them, there were five state-controlled regimes. The Xuanbei people have established five state regimes.

In December of the eighth year of Emperor Xiaowu's reign in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (383 A.D.), the famous Battle of the Interstate War broke out, resulting in the defeat of Fu Jian of the former Qin Dynasty. At that time, Kilfu Guo Ren, who was the General of Zhenxi of the former Qin Dynasty, took advantage of the confusion between Yao Jan and Fu Jian, and led his troops to occupy Longxi, thus opening the prelude to a dynasty. At that time, Kilfu Guo Ren gathered more than 100,000 people from the Xianbei tribes and coerced the counties to betray the former Qin. After Fu Jian's death, Kilfu Guo Ren, in the ninth lunar month of the tenth year of the Jin dynasty (the twenty-first year of the former Qin's Jian'an period and the first year of the Western Qin's Jianyi period (385 AD)), "claimed himself to be a great governor, a great general, a great monarch, and led the herdsmen of Qin and Hezhou states," and "set up an empire with the name of 'Liezu,' and changed the name of the former Qin state to 'Liezu,' and changed the name of the former Qin state to 'Liezu. He changed the name of the former Qin state from Jian'an to Jianyi, and set up twelve counties, namely Wuwei, Wuyang, Angu, Wushi, Hanyang, Tianshui, Loyang, Qingcheng, Gansong, Kuangpeng, Baima, and Yuanchuan, and built the Warriors' Castle to live in. " After reigning for only four years, Kilfu Guoren died of illness in June of the lunar calendar in the 13th year of Taiyuan of Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (the third year of the Former Qin Dynasty, the fourth year of the Western Qin Dynasty, and the first year of the Western Qin Dynasty, 388 A.D.), posthumously known as the King of Xuanlie, and was buried in the vicinity of Xiaguanying. At that time, because his son Kilfu Gongfu was only eight years old, it was difficult for him to take care of the government, so the ministers elected Kilfu Qiangui, the younger brother of Kilfu Guoren, as the successor because he was "powerful, brilliant, calm and elegant with a lot of knowledge". After Kilfu Qianqi ascended to the throne, he changed the name of the reign to "Taichu", established his wife Bian as the queen, and "set up a hundred officials to imitate the Han system". During the reign of Kilfu-Qiangui, the jurisdiction of the Western Qin State was further expanded, and in addition to the Xianbei, there were also residents who settled in various prefectures and tribes of various nationalities, such as the Southern Qiang, who surrendered to the state one after another. In addition, Kilfu Qiangui not only conquered many tribes such as the dizi, qiang, and hu, and occupied many counties, but also defeated the Xianbei Dadu at Mingcangbu (present-day Qin'an County, Gansu Province, north of the city), and another Xianbei group, the Wuyigan, at Gaoping (present-day Güeyuan, Ningxia Province). He also defeated the attack of Luguang of Houliang, forcing the Houliang generals to drown in the river and killed more than ten thousand people, blocking the road of Houliang to the east. Then he killed Yang Ding, the king of Qiu Chi, who came to attack with 40,000 horsemen, and Fu Deng, the former Qin lord, decapitating 17,000 heads. Through these two large-scale wars, the two neighboring regimes were defeated, the threat from the northwestern and southeastern hostile parties was mitigated, and the entire Longxi region was occupied, bringing the Western Qin state to its peak.

In the eighth year of Emperor An of the Eastern Jin Dynasty's YiXi (the second year of Western Qin's Yongkang, A.D. 412), Kilfu QianGui was killed by Kilfu GongFu, the son of Kilfu GuoRen, who had been trying to regain his throne, while he was hunting in Yuxi (the present-day DingXi AnDing district of QingHai). After the tragic death of Kilfu Qianqi, Kilfu Gongfu defected to the Xia Kingdom of Helian Huo. Kilfu Chiban, the son of Kilfu Qiangui, avenged his father's death by killing Kilfu Gongfu and his father and son in the suburbs of Tan. After Kilfu Kepan quelled the civil unrest, he succeeded to the throne in August of the same year, changed his name to Yongkang, and moved the capital to Quercus (now the western suburb of Linxia, Gansu). After Kilfu Chiban succeeded to the throne, he led his army to the west and captured Ledu, the capital city of the Southern Liang State, and swallowed up the Southern Liang State, forcing the Xianbei Bufu Department north of the Qinghai Lake to surrender; he then defeated the Qihang Xiuzhen Department northwest of the Qinghai Lake, and gained 20,000 men and women and more than 500,000 heads of cattle and sheep and received 5,000 households of his other department, the Shuxi Department. Then he defeated the Tugukhun department to the south, forcing the king of Tugukhun to go far away from the Bailan Mountain (now Mado County, Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai); he also conquered the Tugukhun departments of Gan, Qing, and Chuan, and defeated the Qiang marshal Peng Lihe in the area of Gannan. To the Northern Liang State in the west of the river, Kilfu Chiban adopted a policy of containment, blocking the Northern Liang State in the corridor, so that the Western Qin State entered a period of great prosperity. From the historical book "Jin Shu - Kilfu Guo Ren Zai Ji" and some other limited information, the Western Qin regime experienced forty-seven years, the dynasty has been in the smoke and turbulence of conquest and conquered, the regime is extremely unstable, the capital has changed four places. However, from the background of the entire war, the first three kings of the Western Qin Kingdom are all considered to be a generation of lords, once powerful, in the neighboring dynasties in the prestige of the momentum of swallowing the mountains and rivers.

The Eastern Jin Dynasty, Taiyuan ten years (Western Qin Jianyi first year, 385 AD), Kilfu - Guo Ren established the regime, built the Warrior City (today's Yuzhong, Gansu, Yuanchuan River), for the first capital of the Western Qin State.

In the 13th year of Taiyuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (the first year of Taichu of the Western Qin Dynasty, 388 AD), Kilfu Qiangui succeeded to the throne and moved the capital to Jincheng (present-day Gucheng of Lanzhou, Gansu).

In the twentieth year of Taiyuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (the eighth year of Taichu of the Western Qin Dynasty, A.D. 395), the capital city's South King Gate collapsed. Out of jealousy, Kilfu-Qiangui moved the capital of the Western Qin state back to Yuanchuan Xicheng (present-day Yuchong, Gansu).

In the fourth year of Long'an of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (the thirteenth year of the Western Qin Dynasty, 400 A.D.), Kilo-Qiangui surrendered to Yao Xing of the Later Qin Dynasty.

In February of the fifth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (409 A.D.), Kilfu Qian returned to Yuanchuan from the Later Qin Dynasty. In July of the lunar calendar, the Western Qin Dynasty was restored and its capital was resumed in Yuanchuan (now Yuzhong, Gansu).

In the eighth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (the fourth year of the Western Qin Dynasty, 412 A.D.), Kilfo-Khiban succeeded to the throne and moved the capital to Quercus (the western suburb of Linxia in present-day Gansu Province), which was the capital of the Western Qin Dynasty until its demise. After the establishment of the Western Qin State, it began to recruit Han scholars and scholars, learned the ruling experience of the Han people, implemented the feudal political system, and adopted the Han rule as the year number. The government of the Western Qin State also set up a doctorate to teach Confucian classics and educate the children of Xianbei nobles in Han culture. According to the historical record "Tongjian", Kilfu Chiban took the position of the Crown Prince to supervise the Chinese and foreign armies and record the affairs of the Shangshu, and was in charge of the national military and government, and took Jiao Zhiwei, a famous Confucian scholar, as a tutor to participate in the military and national counseling, which indicated that Confucian culture had been highly valued by the rulers of the Xianbei. In the historical book "sixteen countries spring and autumn compilation record - western qin record" recorded: "beg vol mu end young and good learning, have literary talent." It means that he was good at learning history and scripture, and he was good at poetry and good at writing. While learning Chinese culture, the Western Qin State also vigorously advocated Buddhism. According to the historical document "Yuzhong County Records" records: "Xianbei Kilowo clan advocate Buddhism, provide Xuan Gao, Tuan Hong, Xuan Shao three monks as a national teacher, followed by more than three hundred disciples. Eastern Jin Dynasty An Di Longan three years (Western Qin Tai Chu 12 years, 399 AD), the famous monk Fa Xian and his classmates Hui Jing, Dao Zheng, Hui Ying, Hui Wei, etc. westward to obtain the scriptures, to the capital of the Western Qin Yuan Chuan warrior city, coincided with the Buddhists 'sitting summer', stayed for more than three months ...... "This shows that the Western Qin State already had a good atmosphere for Buddhist studies and practice at that time. In addition, the flourishing and development of Buddhism in the Western Qin State can be confirmed from the famous Bingling Temple. The earliest dated grotto in the Bingling Temple was built by the Western Qin Kilbo Khepan before the second year of Yuanxi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (the first year of Jianhong of the Western Qin Dynasty, A.D. 420). The location of Bingling Temple is right between the three capitals of the Western Qin state, Yuanchuan, Jincheng, and Quercus, only a few dozen miles away from both Jincheng and Quercus, and the grottoes were supported by the Kilpapan clan and Western Qin officials. This suggests that its construction and excavation, as well as its ability to become a large-scale Buddhist center, must have been strongly supported by the rulers of the Western Qin state.

In the third year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (the seventh year of the Western Qin Dynasty and the fifteenth year of the Northern Liang Dynasty, 426 A.D.), the Western Qin Dynasty marched against the Northern Liang Dynasty with 30,000 horsemen. The Northern Liang Kingdom resisted on one side, and on the other side, they asked to pincer attack the Western Qin with the Huxia Kingdom. The Huxia army was invited to attack the Western Qin, and firstly captured the governor of Western Qin and the governor of Nan'an, and then surrounded Quercus, the capital of Western Qin, forcing Kilfu Chiban to retreat to Dinglian (present-day Linxia, Gansu Province), and then crossed the Yellow River to the west, captured Xiping (present-day Xining, Qinghai Province), killed more than 5,000 Western Qin soldiers, and plundered more than 20,000 households and left the city. This battle was the turning point of Western Qin's decline. This failure of the war, so that the western Qin state under the rule of the people of the various ethnic groups have defected, first of all is the Tugu Hunnu dig da and other parts of more than 20,000 fall betrayal of the western Qin, followed by the Longxi people Xin Tantan Shuai household 30,000 to drive away the western Qin state of the generals of the southern ...... and so on, a series of wars continue to lose and internal mutiny, the western Qin dynasty foretells the near future. Just at this time in the Northern Wei Dynasty of the first light four years (Western Qin Yonghongyuan year, 428 AD) in May lunar calendar, Kilow - Killing Pan and unfortunately died, by his second son Kilow - Mu end (also known as Kilow - Mure end) succeeded to the throne, changed the name to "Yonghong", after the Western Qin Dynasty in the hidden all kinds of problems began to focus on the outbreak of.

Northern Wei Shen buck two years (Western Qin Yonghong two years, A.D. 429) in March of the lunar calendar, the Western Qin dynasty occurred within a greater rift: the reason is that at that time, Kilow-Mumu's Shangshu, the Longxi magnates Xin Jin, with Kilow-Khirpan tour of the Mausoleum night view, when the slingshot to hit the flying birds, the stone accidentally hurt Kilow-Mumu's mother, leaving a scar on the forehead. Kilowood - Mu after the end of the succession, even for the revenge of this personal excuse to kill the Xinjin and its royal family of twenty-seven people. In the fifth lunar month of the second year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (the second year of the Western Qin Dynasty (429 A.D.)), when the Northern Liang Dynasty (北凉国) attacked the Western Qin Dynasty again, Kilfu-MuMu was unable to defend himself any more, so he had to leave the minister Kilfu-Yuanji to guard Quercus (present-day western suburb of Linxia, Gansu Province), and then he himself moved to Baodinglian (present-day Linxia, Gansu Province), and then he sent messengers to ask for assistance from the Northern Wei Dynasty, and then he surrendered himself to the Northern Wei Dynasty from that time onwards. Emperor Tuoba To of the Northern Wei Dynasty then granted Kilfu-MuMa the two states of Pingliang (present-day Pingliang, Gansu) and Anding (present-day Dingxi, Gansu). After that, Kilfu Muma burned down the cities, destroyed the treasures and led the people to flee to the Northern Wei Dynasty. When Kilfu-MuMa and his officials approached ShangBang (present-day Qingshui, Gansu), the Xia King Her-LianDing sent troops to stop them. In the 11th lunar month, the Northern Wei Emperor Tuoba To dispatched the minister Tuoba Kujie with 5,000 cavalry to meet Kilfu Mumei, but the leader of his guards, Kilfu Jibi, thought it was inappropriate to do so, and Kilfu Mumei actually listened to Kilfu Jibi's advice at the end of the road, so he ordered to stop the attack. Northern Wei Shangshu Tuoba Kujie had to lead the troops back empty-handed. But at this time the Kilfu Mu Mu the front and rear of the enemy, had to retreat to Nan'an (now Gansu Longxi). Northern Wei Shen buck four years (Western Qin Yonghong four years, Hu Xia Sheng Guang four years, 431 years AD) in the beginning of the summer, the king of the Xia State Helyan Ding and sent his uncle Beiping Gong Helyan Weifa rate of 10,000 troops to Nan'an attack. At that time, the city of Nan'an was suffering from famine, and the people were eating each other in a miserable manner. The generals of Western Qin surrendered to Huxia. Kilfu-Mumu was so desperate that he had no choice but to lead his clan of more than 500 people out of the city to surrender. In the sixth lunar month, Kilfu Muma, who had reigned for four years, and his clan of more than 500 people were all killed by Huxia Beiping Gong Helian Weidai. At this point, the Western Qin Dynasty was completely destroyed.