the downstream products of methanol are: formaldehyde, glacial acetic acid, dimethyl ether (DME), MTBE, dimethylformamide (DMF), methylamine, methyl formate, methane chloride (CMS), ethylene glycol, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dimethyl sulfate, methyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and dimethyl.
1. Direct products include: formaldehyde, glacial acetic acid, dimethyl ether (DME), MTBE, methylamine, methyl formate, methane chloride (CMS), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dimethyl sulfate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), MTO/MTP, methanol protein
1,
formaldehyde
. Its biggest use is to produce phenolic resin, adhesives and other organic chemicals. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economic construction, the output of formaldehyde is increasing at a rate of 4.5% every year, and the raw material methanol is needed more than 1 million tons every year. In order to meet the demand of the chemical market, a new process for producing formaldehyde from methanol should be vigorously developed to meet the needs of the synthesis of high-quality engineering plastics (phenolic resin) and urotropine.
2. Glacial acetic acid
Acetic acid production in China mainly includes carbonylation method, ethylene method and ethanol method. According to the data provided by the National Acetic Acid Industry Cooperation Group, in 2115, the production capacity of acetic acid by methanol carbonylation method in China was about 911,111 t, the output was 766,111 t, and the consumption of methanol was 491,111 t; In 2116, the production capacity was about 1.4 million t, the output was 1.183 million t, and the consumption of methanol was 761 thousand t.
in p>2111, the production capacity of carbonyl acetic acid in China can reach 7.15 million t. If the operating rate is calculated as 85%, the production of acetic acid by carbonyl method will reach 3.78 million ~ 6 million tons by then. According to the calculation that 1.6t methanol is needed to produce 1 tons of acetic acid, 2.27 million ~ 3.6 million tons of methanol will be consumed.
3. Dimethyl ether (DME)
According to statistics, by 2117, there were 31 DME production enterprises in China, with a total production capacity of 2.6 million tons/year and an output of 1.3 million tons. Among them, 23 companies need to purchase methanol, with a total production capacity of 1.715 million tons; There are 7 self-equipped methanol plants with a total production capacity of 915,111 tons. In addition, in 2118, the capacity of dimethyl ether will be increased by 1.475 million tons. At present, the main use of dimethyl ether in China is to replace LPG and aerosol propellant, followed by diesel as the main alternative fuel, and also as a chemical raw material to produce dimethyl sulfate, polymethylbenzene and methyl reagents for high-purity nitrogen, N- dimethylaniline and other chemicals. In addition, it is also used as a cleaning agent to clean the surface of high-precision instruments (electronic instruments). It can also be used as environment-friendly refrigerant and foaming agent.
4. MTBE
Methyl tert-butyl ether produced by isobutene and methanol under the action of strong acid cation exchange resin is a good component of high octane gasoline. MTBE is mainly used as a modifier for gasoline and added to gasoline. High-purity isobutylene is produced from MTBE and MTBE cracking, and fine chemical products such as butyl rubber, methyl methacrylate and polyisobutylene with high technical content, high added value and good market prospects are also favored by the market. In 2117, China's MTBE output was estimated to be 1.7 million tons.
5, methylamine
methylamine is an important fatty amine, which uses liquid ammonia and methanol as raw materials to separate a series of products (monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine) with different structures under catalytic conditions, and is one of the basic organic chemical raw materials. At present, the annual production capacity in China is about 251,111 tons. With the rapid development of DMF in China, the demand for methylamine, especially dimethylamine, is increasing. Monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine are all intermediates in chemical industry, pesticides, medicine and coatings, and have considerable market prospects.
6. Methyl formate (MF), also known as methyl formate, is a widely used solvent with low boiling point, which can be directly used as insecticide, bactericide and fumigant for treating grains, fruits, dried fruits and tobacco, and can be used as raw material for synthesizing sulfonamides and antitussives. Methyl formate is often used as an intermediate in medicine, pesticide and organic synthesis, and as a solvent for cellulose acetate. Methyl formate has high reactivity, from which more than 51 products can be prepared, so it is called universal intermediate. At present, MF is mainly used to produce formamide, dimethylformamide
(DMF), formic acid and numerous fine chemical products with high added value, such as malonate series products, glycolic acid and its downstream products, glycine and so on. The annual production capacity of methyl formate in China is about 51,111 tons, and the demand is about 81,111 tons.
7. Methane chloride (CMS) Methane chloride (CMS) is the general name of monochloromethane, dichloromethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, and it is an important organic chlorine product. CMS can be used as degreasing agent (paint), extractant, aerosol, refrigerant, fire extinguishing agent and anesthetic, etc., and it is also the raw material for producing medicines, pesticides, synthetic fibers, plastics, silicone and organic fluorine series products. The industrial production of methane chloride (CMS) takes methanol and chlorine as the main raw materials and adopts the direct chlorination production process. In recent years, China's CMS production has developed rapidly, with a total production capacity of more than 251,111 t/a.
8. Dimethyl carbonate (DMC)
DMC is an important industrial carbonate. As an excellent methylating agent, it is used to synthesize food additives, antioxidants, dyes, pharmaceutical intermediates, pesticides, etc. It is an ideal substitute for phosgene and dimethyl sulfate. Methanol, CO, H2 and O2 are mostly used as raw materials, which are produced by methanol oxidation carbonyl process. At present, the total production capacity of dimethyl carbonate in China is over 111,111 t/a
9. Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is a colorless oily liquid with a slight onion smell, which is highly toxic and is a suspected human carcinogen. It is mainly used in industries such as methylating agent, pharmacy, dyes and spices. Because DMS is highly toxic and corrosive to equipment, DMC is gradually adopted to replace DMS in industry. With the improvement of national environmental protection requirements, the modified products will eventually be eliminated.
11. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an extremely important aprotic polar solvent and an important fine chemical product. It has always been known as "universal solvent" and "universal medicine" abroad. It is widely used in many chemical industries such as medicine, pesticides, petroleum, chemical industry, organic synthesis, electronics, coatings, metallurgy, dyes and polymer materials, and some new uses are still being discovered. DMSO production in China uses carbon disulfide and methanol as raw materials, and the products are prepared by synthesis, oxidation, neutralization, evaporation, desalination and vacuum distillation, all of which adopt a new process of liquid phase emulsification. At present, the production capacity is over 51,111 tons.
11, MTO/MTP methanol to olefins process and MTP methanol to propylene process are important C1 chemical technologies at present, which are chemical technologies for producing low-carbon olefins with methanol synthesized from coal or natural gas as raw materials, and are core technologies for producing ethylene, propylene and other products with coal instead of oil. At present, there is no industrial production device, and it can be predicted that with the arrival of high oil prices, MTO/MTP will be industrialized soon.
12. Dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) is a white needle-like crystal with melting point of 141.7℃ and boiling point of 284℃, which is easy to sublimate. DMT is obtained by esterification of terephthalic acid and methanol.
13. Methanol protein Methanol protein is a single cell protein produced with methanol as the substrate. Methanol protein is a bacterial protein obtained by culturing single-celled organisms. At present, it is mainly used as feed protein for livestock and poultry. Compared with other feed proteins such as fish meal, soybean and other natural animals and plants, protein has higher nutritional value. At present, the actual gap of domestic protein feed reaches 12 million tons. If 1/11 of this gap is filled by methanol protein, it needs 1.2 million tons of methanol protein.
Second, indirect products include: dimethylformamide (DMF), ethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), methyl methacrylate
1 and dimethylformamide (DMF), which are colorless and light amine-flavored liquids, and are mainly used in polyurethane, acrylic fiber, medicine, pesticides, dyes, electronics and other industries. Non-aqueous titration solvent. Solvents such as vinyl resin and acetylene. The industrial production of DMF mainly includes formate two-step method, methanol dehydrogenation two-step method and one-step method. At present, the total DMF production capacity of the five domestic DMF production industries (Zhejiang Jiangshan, Hualu Hengsheng, Anyang Jiutian, Anhui Huainan and Zhangqiu Riyue) is close to 511,111 tons per year, and all of them adopt one-step process.
2. It is of great significance for ethylene glycol to develop the route of methanol to ethylene glycol, which can realize the synthesis of ethylene glycol by replacing oil with coal. The route of methanol to formaldehyde and then to ethylene glycol, in view of the fact that the technology of methanol production from syngas and methanol to formaldehyde are very mature, this technology has great development prospects. About 95% of the consumption of ethylene glycol in China is used to produce polyester, and 5% is used to produce antifreeze. In recent years, due to the strong demand of polyester industry, the demand for ethylene glycol in the domestic market has maintained a rapid growth momentum. It is predicted that China's polyester output will reach 17.3 million tons in 2118, and about 5.88 million tons of ethylene glycol will be needed according to the polyester unit consumption of 1.34 tons/ton. In 2111, the output of polyester was 19 million tons, and about 6.46 million tons of ethylene glycol was needed. Plus 5% demand for antifreeze. It is estimated that the total domestic demand for ethylene glycol will be about 6.17 million tons in 2118 and 6.77 million tons in 2111.
3. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
According to raw materials, the process routes for producing polyvinyl alcohol can be divided into two types: ethylene method and acetylene method. PVA is mainly used to make polyvinyl acetal. Because of its unique strong adhesion, film flexibility, smoothness, oil resistance, solvent resistance, protective colloid, gas barrier, wear resistance and water resistance after special treatment, PVA is widely used in the production of coatings, adhesives, paper processing agents, emulsifiers, dispersants, films and other products, and its application scope covers textiles, food, medicine and architecture.
4. At present, the main production process of methyl methacrylate (MMA) is to convert ACH into methacrylamide sulfate, and then hydrolyze and esterify to produce methacrylate. As of August, 2116, there are five large MMA production enterprises in China, with a total production capacity of 298,111 tons/year.
3. Substitute products are: methanol fuel, fuel cell and biodiesel
1. Methanol fuel The development and application of methanol fuel in China has already had a certain foundation: mixing 5%, 15%, 25% and 85% methanol into gasoline and using pure methanol (111%) as automobile fuel. It is predicted that in 2111, the number of methanol vehicles with M85～M111 in China will reach about 1,111. If each vehicle consumes 21 tons of methanol every year, it will consume 211,111 tons of methanol. In addition, it is estimated that there will be 21 million tons of gasoline blended with methanol in China by 2111. If the proportion is calculated at 1.5%, 3 million tons of methanol will be needed. The above two parts * * * need 3.2 million t of methanol.
2. The fuel cell directly uses methanol as fuel, and the electrochemical reaction between methanol and oxygen spontaneously converts chemical energy into electric energy, which is called direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Its main feature is that methanol can be directly applied to anode reaction to generate current without pretreatment, and at the same time generate water and carbon dioxide, which has no pollution to the environment and is a clean power supply.
3. Biodiesel
Biodiesel is a clean and renewable energy source. It is a liquid fuel made from oil crops such as soybean and rapeseed, oil palm and Pistacia chinensis, oil aquatic plants such as engineering microalgae, animal fat and waste catering oil, and it is a high-quality substitute for petroleum diesel. By the end of 2117, there were more than 2,111 large and small biodiesel production plants in China, and the establishment and approval of similar projects in various places continued. It is predicted that by 2111, the demand for biodiesel in China will reach 21 million tons/year, and the production capacity at that time will be 211,111 tons/year according to the national medium-and long-term plan for renewable energy. The contrast between demand and output will lead to the situation that the supply of products is in short supply.
The methanol market in North China is weak, and the mainstream price is 2111-2411 yuan/ton, among which the ex-factory price of methanol in Hebei is 2411 yuan/ton; The mainstream price of methanol in Shanxi ranges from 2211-2311 yuan/ton; The ex-factory price of methanol enterprises in Inner Mongolia is 2151-2251 yuan/ton. Methanol: On 31th, the market in Shandong fell
The downstream demand recovered slowly, and the shipment of methanol enterprises in Shandong slowed down. The mainstream ex-factory transaction price of enterprises dropped by 31 yuan/ton to 2,511-2,551 yuan/ton, and the transaction of individual manufacturers in the central and eastern regions was as low as 2,481 yuan/ton. The mainstream ex-factory transactions of major enterprises in northwest Shandong are 2511-2551 yuan/ton, and the shipments of enterprises affected by rain and snow are general; The mainstream ex-factory transactions of major methanol enterprises in central and eastern Shandong are around 2531-2551 yuan/ton; The mainstream prices of major enterprises in southern Shandong are concentrated at 2521-2541 yuan/ton. Methanol: the market in Shanxi was temporarily stable on 31th
The methanol market in Shanxi was temporarily stable. At present, the mainstream transaction price of enterprises is around 2,251-2,311 yuan/ton, and the transaction volume of individual small orders is slightly lower than 2,211 yuan/ton. The downstream demand recovery is slow, and the enterprise's shipment is average. Methanol: The market in Hebei Province was stable on 31th
Today, the ex-factory price of methanol in Shijiazhuang and its surrounding areas in Hebei Province is temporarily stable at 2451-2511 yuan/ton, and the mainstream is concentrated at 2451 yuan/ton. Due to the decline of methanol in the surrounding areas of Hebei Province, the downstream market is mainly on the sidelines, and the procurement is cautious; The mainstream of major enterprises in Tangshan area is stable at 2411 yuan/ton.